Green Car Congress

JANUARY 12, 2013

In regions where the share of coal-based electricity is relatively low, EVs can achieve substantial GHG reduction, the team reports in a paper in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. According to the 12 th Five-Year Plan of the China Coal Industry (2011?2015)

Coal 231

Coal Pollution China Gas 231

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Renault recently made public the findings of an internal study, published first in October 2011, detailing and comparing the lifecycle assessments (LCAs) of the battery-electric and two internal combustion engined versions (gasoline and diesel) of the Renault Fluence. Gasoline Fluence 16V. Electric Fluence Z.E.

Li-ion 364

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel 364

Green Car Congress

MARCH 9, 2016

Rice University researchers have determined a more effective way to use natural gas to reduce climate-warming emissions would be in the replacement of existing coal-fired power plants and fuel-oil furnaces rather than burning it in cars and buses. However, residential uses and exports of natural gas were not considered in those comparisons.

Gas-Electric 150

Gas-Electric Gas Transportation Coal 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2017

A team at the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute (UMTRI) study has assessed the relative amounts of greenhouse-gas emissions from driving a battery-electric vehicle (BEV) compared with greenhouse-gas emissions from driving a traditional gasoline-powered vehicle in different countries of the world.

Emissions 150

Emissions Albania Botswana MPG 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 18, 2011

Gasoline section shows results for fuel derived from both conventional oil and oil sands. The study also highlights that upstream CH 4 (methane) leakage and venting is a key contributor to the total upstream emissions of natural gas pathways, and can significantly reduce the life-cycle benefit of natural gas compared to coal or petroleum.

Gas 284

Gas Coal Emissions Gasoline 284

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2014

It adds an assessment of electrically chargeable vehicle configurations, such as plug-in hybrid, range extended, battery and fuel-cell electric vehicles. In 2003 JEC issued its first Well-to-Wheels study, a type of analysis which takes into account the entire energy lifecycle of fuels and powertrains and their possible combinations.

Gas 277

Gas Fuel Gas-Electric Gasoline-Electric 277

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 3, 2014

WTW energy demand and GHG emissions for EV and PHEV drivetrains for various electricity sources; gasoline ICE vehicle is solid square, hybrid the hollow square. The study by a team at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, reported in the Journal of Power Sources , is novel in three respects, the researchers said.

Alternative Fuels 252

Alternative Fuels Emissions Fuel Switzerland 252

Green Car Congress

JUNE 7, 2017

A new study by researchers at the University of Colorado at Boulder projects the emission impacts of the widespread introduction of inexpensive and efficient electric vehicles into the US light duty vehicle (LDV) sector. Among their findings: Gasoline vehicles dominate in the BAU scenario for the entire time horizon.

Emissions 150

Emissions Economy Gasoline-Electric Coal 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 23, 2012

Solid portions represent GHG emissions associated with gasoline propulsion. Patterned portions represent GHG emissions associated with electric propulsion. Solid left bar = hydro electricity scenario.) First, driving distance determines the proportions of electricity and gasoline consumed by the PHEV.

PHEV 210

PHEV C1 Emissions Coal 210

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 25, 2013

Coal-powered synthetic natural gas (SNG) plants being planned in China would produce seven times more greenhouse gas emissions than conventional natural gas plants, and use up to 100 times the water as shale gas production, according to a new study by Duke University researchers published in the journal Nature Climate Change.

Gas 220

Gas Mercury Climate Change Fuel 220

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2014

While natural gas can reduce greenhouse emissions when it is substituted for higher-emission energy sources, abundant shale gas is not likely to substantially alter total emissions without policies targeted at greenhouse gas reduction, according to a new study by two researchers at Duke University. Richard G.

Climate 199

Climate Gas Coal Gas-Electric 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 16, 2015

Results from the study also suggest that with sufficient coal plant retirement and sufficient wind power, controlled charging could result in positive net benefits instead of negative. The question of electricity costs vs. health and environmental cost is important to ask everywhere, Michalek said. Credit: ACS, Weis et al.

Charging 150

Charging Coal Grid District of Columbia 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2016

A US-wide county-level study comparing lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from several light-duty passenger gasoline and plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) has found that PEVs can have larger or smaller carbon footprints than gasoline vehicles depending on regional factors and the specific vehicle models being compared.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Plug-in Prius Plug 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 27, 2023

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have fuel flexibility; in addition to hydrogen, various kinds of hydrocarbon fuels, such as natural gas (methane), methanol, ethanol, biofuel, and coal can be used via external steam reforming (ESR) or direct internal reforming (DIR). —Hu et al. DIR catalysts thus must be durable and highly efficient.

International 150

International Fuel Transportation Water 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 28, 2019

Researchers at MIT and the Ford Motor Company have found that depending on the location, lightweight conventional vehicles could have a lower lifecycle greenhouse gas impact than electric vehicles, at least in the near term. Their paper is published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. —Wu et al.

MIT 236

MIT Ford Vehicles Gasoline-Electric 236

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 16, 2018

The life-cycle water consumption of fuel cell electric vehicles using hydrogen produced from natural gas with steam methane reforming is almost 50% less than the life-cycle water consumption of conventional internal combustion engine vehicles using gasoline, according to a study by researchers at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL).

Water 225

Water Fuel Vehicles Gasoline-Electric 225

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2011

A new study by Michael Wang and Jeongwoo Han at Argonne National Laboratory and Xiaomin Xie at Shanghai Jiao Tong University assesses the effects of carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology and cellulosic biomass and coal co-feeding in Fischer-Tropsch (FT) plants on energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of FT diesel (FTD).

Coal 240

Coal Diesel Energy Emissions 240

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2011

Net emissions resulting from the use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) depend on the efficiency of the conventional vehicle fleet; PHEV CD (all-electric, charge-depleting mode) efficiency; charging strategy; battery pack capacity; driving patterns; and generator mix used for charging. —Peterson et al.

PHEV 240

PHEV Emissions CO2 Gasoline-Electric 240

Green Car Congress

JULY 3, 2015

For the study, the researchers benchmarked 27 scenarios against a 50% petroleum-reduction target and an 80% GHG-reduction target. The same highly electrified scenarios, however, could not satisfy 80% GHG-reduction targets, even assuming 80% decarbonized electricity and no growth in travel demand. —Meier et al.

Carbon 150

Carbon EPRI Climate Gasoline-Electric 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2019

The decline of coal use in the European Union and United States is overshadowed by surging natural gas and oil use around the world, according to the researchers. About 40% of global carbon dioxide emissions were attributable to coal use, 34% from oil, 20% from natural gas, and the remaining 6% from cement production and other sources.

Carbon 195

Carbon Global Emissions Climate Change 195

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 24, 2014

If CNG were to be eventually used in hybrids, the advantage of the electric generation/EV option shrinks. The study investigated the the WTW energy and emissions from the use of natural gas in CNGVs with a range of CNGV fuel economy and natural gas compressor efficiency. Their open access paper is published in the journal Energy.

Gas-Electric 345

Gas-Electric Gas Fuel Economy PHEV 345

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 27, 2011

Strategies to promote adoption of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) with small battery packs offer more social benefits (i.e., In this study we assess, under a wide range of scenarios, how much externality damage reduction plug-in vehicles can offer in the US and at what cost.

PHEV 186

PHEV Oil Emissions Batteries 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2014

Their study appears in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. … in this study the environmental impacts of delivering driven vehicle miles are compared for three different vehicle fleets, each powered either directly or indirectly by natural gas. —Dai and Lastoskie. The system boundary for the LCA.

Gas 218

Gas Li-ion Gas-Electric Conversion 218

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 7, 2012

Researchers at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) have compared the emissions resulting from the production, use, and end-of-life of electric and internal combustion engine vehicles (EVs and ICEVs) in a full life-cycle analysis (LCA).

Gasoline-Electric 309

Gasoline-Electric Vehicles Coal Gasoline 309

Green Car Congress

MARCH 9, 2012

The study by researchers at MIT also points out that production of the two metals has been increasing by only a few percentage points per year.the availability of REEs appears to be at risk based on a number of factors. Of particular significance, one country (China) controls 98% of current supply (production).

MIT 252

MIT Supplies Energy Green 252

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2015

Methanol-powered vehicles are one pillar of Geely Auto’s diversified new-energy strategy, which also encompasses ethanol, CNG, gasoline-electric hybrid, plug-in hybrid, pure-electric, and extended-range solutions. Click to enlarge. Currently the company has a 4,000 metric ton/year production capacity.

Renewable 150

Renewable Carbon Water Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2011

billion due to the phenomenon of saturation, according to a new study by Berkeley Lab’s China Energy Group. It is reduced by 900 Mtce to 4600 Mtce in AIS in 2050, a cumulative energy reduction of 26 billion tonnes of coal equivalent from 2005 to 2050. Appliance sales and expansion of urban areas also drive electricity demand.

China 285

China Energy 2005 Cars 285

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 6, 2012

Full-fuel-cycle GHG emissions estimates for reformulated gasoline pathways by LCA study. Nominal value of 70 g CO 2 /MJ for combustion emissions is applied evenly across all studies. These include oil sands, enhanced oil recovery, coal-to-liquids and gas-to-liquids synthetic fuels, and oil shale. Credit: ACS, Brandt 2012.

Oil-Sands 225

Oil-Sands Oil Production Emissions 225

Green Car Congress

MARCH 9, 2016

The goals of this study were to develop a comprehensive baseline LCA of water resource consumption associated with transportation fuel production, highlight the uncertainties and implications in the results, and identify important outstanding gaps in the data. . Click to enlarge.

Alternative Fuels 150

Alternative Fuels Water Fuel Gas 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2010

Left, global light-duty fleet in the electric-favoring case; right, the hydrogen-favoring case. In both electric- and hydrogen-favoring cases, availability of low-carbon electricity and hydrogen prolonged the use of petroleum-fueled ICE vehicles. Top, without CCS and CSP; bottom, with CCS and CSP. Credit: ACS, Wallington et al.

Hydrogen 236

Hydrogen Low CO2 Available Fleet 236

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 11, 2012

The Asian Development Bank (ADB) is providing $300 million towards a project that will replace 100,000 gasoline-burning tricycles in the Philippines with electric tricycles, or E-Trikes. E-Trike drivers saw their daily incomes more than double during a pilot program in Metro Manila.

Philippines 277

Philippines India Gasoline Gasoline-Electric 277

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2009

At the end of January, DOE also issued the Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Activities, Progress, and Plans Report to Congress as required by the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPACT). Biogas, including anaerobic digester gas, can be reformed to produce hydrogen and used in a fuel cell to produce significant amounts of electricity and heat.

Congress 150

Congress Hydrogen Market Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2018

Although climate mitigation remains the motivation for global investments in NETs, the committee that carried out the study and wrote the report determined that advances in NETs also could have economic rewards, as intellectual property rights and economic benefits will likely accrue to the nations that develop the best technology.

Climate Change 268

Climate Change Climate Emissions Carbon 268

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

Controlling soot from fossil fuels and solid biofuels may be a faster method of reducing Arctic ice loss and global warming than other options, including controlling CH 4 or CO 2 , although all controls are needed, according to a new study by Dr. Mark Z. The study will be published this week in Journal of Geophysical Research (Atmospheres).

Global 230

Global Ozone CO2 Pollution 230

Green Car Congress

MAY 30, 2012

For example, near-term CCS technology applied to coal-fired power plants is projected to reduce the net output of the plant by some 30% and to increase the cost of electricity by 60–80%. The energy needed for this process decreases the amount that can go into making electricity. —Lin et al. —Berend Smit.

EPRI 255

EPRI Energy CO2 Carbon 255

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Researchers from the University of Minnesota have produced a spatially and temporally explicit life cycle inventory (LCI) of air pollutants from gasoline, ethanol derived from corn grain, and ethanol from corn stover for the contiguous US (the lower 48 states). Credit: ACS, Tessum et al. Click to enlarge. the contiguous US).

Gasoline 236

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution 236

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2009

Until early last year, it was widely accepted that biofuels such as ethanol significantly reduce total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions compared to gasoline. Then, a high-profile study using indirect land use change (ILUC) analysis suggested biofuels may have worse GHG performance than petroleum-based fuels. Fair enough, you think?

Congress 186

Congress Michigan Pollution Universal 186