Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 21, 2015

In a new report, Electric Vehicle Market Forecasts , Navigant research projects that under its base scenario, global sales of light duty electrified vehicles (i.e., vehicles that use electricity for traction, including hybrids, plug-in hybrids, and battery-electrics) will grow from 2.6 Electric Vehicle Market Forecasts”.

Light 150

Light Sale Global Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2015

AEO2015 presents updated projections for US energy markets through 2040 based on six cases (Reference, Low and High Economic Growth, Low and High Oil Price, and High Oil and Gas Resource) that reflect updated scenarios for future crude oil prices. trillion cubic feet (Tcf) in the Low Oil Price case to 13.1

2020 150

2020 Energy Transportation Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 5, 2016

Whereas fuel cost used to be a major driver for fleet managers, the lowering of oil prices and the availability of low-cost natural gas has reduced this concern, Navigant notes. Medium- and heavy-trucks represent 4.3% of vehicles in the US, drive 9.3% A major factor has always been the cost of battery packs.

Global 150

Global Sale North America Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2014

However, they noted, the estimation is highly uncertain, with a number of factors—especially related to electricity exports, sugar cane farming itself, and agrochemicals production and use—significantly affect the outcome. In the ES&T study base case, the researchers calculated a “rather optimistic” GHG footprint of 8.5g 95g CO2eq/MJ range.

Brazil 199

Brazil Renewable Fuel Oil Prices 199

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 20, 2011

World oil prices remain high in the IEO2011 Reference case, but oil consumption continues to grow; both conventional and unconventional liquid supplies are used to meet rising demand. In the IEO2011 Reference case the price of light sweet crude oil (in real 2009 dollars) remains high, reaching $125 per barrel in 2035.

Oil-Sands 220

Oil-Sands Oil 2008 Oil Prices 220

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2009

Costs of light-duty plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are high—largely due to their lithium-ion batteries—and unlikely to drastically decrease in the near future, according to a new report from the National Research Council (NRC). It has a 40-mile electric range, a larger electric motor, and a much larger battery than the PHEV-10.

Plug-in 186

Plug-in Plug PHEV Hybrid 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2016

A new study by consultancy Roland Berger defines an integrated roadmap for European road transport decarbonization to 2030 and beyond; the current regulatory framework for vehicle emissions, carbon intensity of fuels and use of renewable fuels covers only up to 2020/2021. BEVs fueled with low carbon, renewable electricity (for PC).

Transportation 150

Transportation Emissions Fuel Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2011

of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions in the US. Electrification will reduce emissions, with the scale determined by the carbon intensity of the power sector. Electrification will also reduce oil dependence, providing foreign policy benefits and the potential to reduce real oil prices and oil price volatility.

Transportation 252

Transportation MIT Oil Prices Oil 252

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2010

” also sees steady adoption of on-shore wind and electric vehicle technologies, but suggests that off-shore wind and carbon capture and sequestration look likely to fade or decline. Base case economics for EVs in North America are very challenging, absent significant disruption in oil price or battery cost.

Solar 295

Solar Boston Consulting Group Power Powered 295

Green Car Congress

MAY 26, 2009

The brief concentrates on six topics: climate change policy, carbon capture and storage policy, oil security policy, energy-technology innovation policy, electricity market structure, and infrastructure policy. Carbon capture and storage. Oil security policy.

Energy 150

Energy Price Oil Prices Climate Change 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 13, 2017

Most notably, a rise in Saudi crude-oil output could trigger a damaging period of global oversupply, said Jim Krane, the Wallace S. This glut could be exacerbated by future carbon taxes and other policy restrictions on fossil fuels, he said. Further, in theory, higher oil production also shortens the time horizon to full depletion.

Saudi Arabia 150

Saudi Arabia Oil Production Climate 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 26, 2010

The critical need for government leadership in the emergence of electric vehicles dominated a recent Green Fleet Management discussion in Toronto, hosted by Fleet Challenge Ontario. In an interview published in Maclean’s, a Canadian news magazine, the chairman and CEO of General Electric said, “ Government should be a catalyst for change.

Electric Vehicles 186

Electric Vehicles Vehicles Los Angeles Canada 186

Green Car Congress

JUNE 13, 2012

The “Arab Spring” affected oil and gas supplies—most notably the complete, albeit temporary, loss of Libyan supply—while the tragic Fukushima accident in Japan had knock-on effects for nuclear and other energy sources around the world. Prices increased in all regions. Gas production globally grew by 3.1%; the US recorded 7.7%

Coal 261

Coal Oil Renewable Saudi Arabia 261

Green Car Congress

MAY 21, 2010

A new study by the Peterson Institute for International Economics concluded that the Kerry-Lieberman “American Power Act”—the energy and climate change legislation recently introduced in the Senate ( earlier post )—would reduced US oil imports by 33-40% below current levels and by 9-19% below projected business-as-usual levels by 2030.

Oil 220

Oil Climate Change Oil Prices 2005 220

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 27, 2011

gasoline in cars) to electricity in order to achieve the GHG reduction target. They conclude that widespread electrification of transportation and other sectors is required, along with decarbonized electricity becoming the dominant form of energy supply. rather than relative prices of technology, energy, or carbon as.

Climate 262

Climate California Fuel Gas-Electric 262

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 24, 2010

A co-production scenario—yet to be commercial—would take unconverted syngas from the FT reactor and combust it in a combined cycle power plant to generate electricity that is sold to the grid. Even with CCS, the liquid product costs are comparable to recent crude oil prices.

Coal 231

Coal Oil Prices CO2 Gas-Electric 231

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2010

pre- and post- decarbonization of the electric power sector—to which he referred as pre-CCS and post-CCS, respectively (although decarbonization was not necessarily via CCS—carbon capture and storage).) 90%) or to “repower” using lower carbon feedstocks or generation technologies (e.g. their CO 2 (e.g. ~90%)

Transportation 231

Transportation Convert Waste CO2 231

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2012

Sales of battery-powered electric vehicles are 65% lower in the AEO2013 Reference case than the year before, with annual sales in 2035 estimated to be about 119,000. Reductions in battery electric vehicles are offset by increased sales of hybrid and plug-in hybrid vehicles, which grow to about 1.3 million, or less than one-half the 2.9

Fuel 225

Fuel Energy Sale 2013 225

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2009

A new study by the French institute Enerdata, commissioned by the European Federation for Transport & Environment (T&E), suggests that the European CO 2 standards for new vehicles due to come into effect in 2012 will lead not only to a European savings on oil (mainly via lower oil import volumes) but also to slightly lower global oil prices.

Oil 150

Oil Standards Price Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 12, 2011

According to a recently published report commissioned by the Victoria (Australia) Department of Transport from AECOM, electric vehicle (EV) technology offers the state of Victoria potentially significant economic benefits by the late 2020s. electricity supply to provide the necessary protections from higher voltages. Source: AECOM.

PHEV 210

PHEV Oil Prices Australia Price 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2012

Performance in the study is measured by such metrics as: (1) required selling price of the fuel; (2) crude oil price when the process will become economically viable; (3) the Well-to-Wheels (WTW) life cycle GHG emissions profile of the diesel fuel; and (4) the water usage associated with the facility. —White and Gray.

Coal 225

Coal Diesel Oil Prices Water 225

Green Car Congress

MAY 27, 2009

Projected growth in world carbon dioxide emissions. World carbon dioxide emissions are projected to rise from 29.0 World oil prices have fallen sharply from their July 2008 high mark. As the world’s economies recover, higher world oil prices are assumed to return and to persist through 2030. Source: IEO2009.

2006 150

2006 Emissions Energy Oil-Sands 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 16, 2010

According to a new report from Pike Research, the various national-level initiatives and programs to promote the awareness of electric vehicles (EVs) in the Asia-Pacific region will help make the region the largest market worldwide for electrified vehicles, led by strong demand in China, Japan, and Korea. Total PEV sales in Asia-Pacific.

Asia 236

Asia 2015 China Sale 236

Green Car Congress

APRIL 12, 2012

Because the future development of socioeconomic variables, oil price, and the carbon intensity of electricity are outside the transportation sector and uncertain, the team used a set of three scenarios for plausible ranges for their future development. Carbon accounting practices have a strong impact on total emissions.

Transportation 199

Transportation Europe Climate Change Emissions 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 15, 2010

While oil sands emissions have more than doubled from 1990 to 2006, the absolute increase in emissions from oil sands over the same period is less than the absolute increase in Canadian electric or transportation sector emissions, and far less than the increases in these sectors on a North American basis, they note.

Oil-Sands 225

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Coal 225

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 25, 2009

The Clinton Project is a large-scale coal-to-liquid (CTL) project with non-food carbon neutral biomass providing supplementary feed (CBTL) as part of the Company’s carbon management plan. Projected output of the Clinton Project is a maximum 13,000 barrels of diesel per day (15,800 barrels of oil equivalent per day or 5.3

Coal 218

Coal Australia Diesel Oil Prices 218

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 29, 2014

While renewable energy, particularly solar and wind, may have some potential to mitigate carbon emissions, this is not seen as a viable large-scale alternative for commercial shipping. Electricity from the grid will most likely be used more and more to charge batteries for ship operations in ports, but also for propulsion.

Alternative Fuels 231

Alternative Fuels Fuel Gas-Electric Mariner 231

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 17, 2009

For example, Worldwatch notes, well-to-wheels greenhouse gas emissions from oil sands in Alberta, Canada, are estimated to be 5-15% higher than emissions from conventional oil reservoirs. Nonetheless, high oil prices pushed production from the Canadian oil sands to 1.2 Mbpd in 2005. Total gas production grew 3.8%

2008 150

2008 Oil-Sands Production Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 28, 2011

The DOE-QTR defines six key strategies: increase vehicle efficiency; electrification of the light duty fleet; deploy alternative fuels; increase building and industrial efficiency; modernize the electrical grid; and deploy clean electricity.

Transportation 218

Transportation Fuel Economy Light Fuel 218

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2009

In addition to high oil prices and the financial crisis, the increased use of new renewable energy sources, such as biofuels for road transport and wind energy for electricity generation, had a noticeable and mitigating impact on CO 2 emissions. Global CO 2 emissions from fuel use and cement production by region. Source: PBL.

2008 170

2008 Oil Renewable Emissions 170

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2013

LDVs powered by fuels other than gasoline, such as diesel, electricity, or E85, or equipped with hybrid drive trains, such as plug-in hybrid or gasoline hybrid electric, increase modestly from 18% of new sales in 2012 to 22% in 2040. Natural gas overtakes coal as the largest fuel for US electricity generation. Tcf in 2012 to 3.1

Oil 290

Oil Light Energy Vehicles 290

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2010

Assuming no changes in policy related to greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide emissions grow slowly, but do not again reach 2005 levels until 2027. It also updated the costs and sizes of electric and plug-in hybrid electric batteries and revised downward light-duty vehicle travel demand due to the adoption of a new estimation technique.

Gas 199

Gas 2011 Price Energy 199

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2014

The results of a new, comprehensive modeling study characterizing light-duty electric drive vehicle (EDV) deployment in the US over 108 discrete scenarios do not demonstrate a clear and consistent trend toward lower system-wide emissions of CO 2 , SO 2 , and NO x as EDV deployment increases.

Emissions 236

Emissions Oil Prices Vehicles Oil 236

Green Car Congress

JULY 2, 2013

Adam Brandt and his colleagues used historical relationships to project future demand for (a) transport services; (b) all liquid fuels; and (c) substitution with alternative energy carriers, including electricity. Their results showed great increases in passenger and freight transport activity, but less reliance on oil.

Oil 207

Oil Oil-Sands Fuel Economy Transportation 207

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2012

Fossil fuel-dependent transportation industries such as aviation, shipping and manufacturers that use petroleum as a process input, such as plastic or chemical producers, will need robust strategies and plans to address fuel price volatility and potential shortages, KMPW warns.

Climate Change 310

Climate Change Water Climate Global 310

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 12, 2012

barely rises in OECD countries, although there is a pronounced shift away from oil, coal (and, in some countries, nuclear) towards natural gas and renewables. Despite the growth in low-carbon sources of energy, fossil fuels remain dominant in the global energy mix, supported. Energy demand. — WEO-2012.

Global 225

Global 2012 Energy Oil 225

Green Car Congress

JULY 19, 2012

The National Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) Project has released two major reports that synthesize its findings from the past several years of work: a Technical Analysis Report (TAR) and Policy Design Recommendations. We have done so in a companion report, National Low Carbon Fuel Standard: Technical Analysis Report (TAR).

Carbon 247

Carbon Oil-Sands Standards Design 247