Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 30, 2014

One-pot electrolytic process produces H 2 and solid carbon from water and CO 2. The work is a further development of their work with STEP (solar thermal electrochemical process)—an efficient solar chemical process, based on a synergy of solar thermal and endothermic electrolyses, introduced by Licht and his colleagues in 2009.

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Water Carbon Solar Fuel 239

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2012

Conventional thermal decomposition production of lime (left) versus STEP direct solar conversion of calcium carbonate to calcium oxide (right). Surprisingly, this situation is reversed at high temperatures in molten carbonates, which allows the endothermic, electrolytic one pot synthesis, and precipitation of CaO. Click to enlarge.

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Solar Emissions CO2 Carbon 285

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 26, 2011

Construction activities have begun at an Illinois ethanol plant on a full-scale commercial project that will demonstrate industrial carbon capture and storage (ICCS). Because all of the captured CO 2 is produced from biologic fermentation, a significant feature of the project is its negative carbon footprint—i.e.,

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Carbon Illinois Industry Industrial 246

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 30, 2009

The reaction for carbon dioxide splitting into carbon monoxide with aromatic aldehydes as oxygen acceptors. Carbon dioxide, however, is highly stable, and splitting the O=C(O) bond to generate carbon monoxide requires large energy input. Credit: ACS, Gu and Zhang. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.). Gu and Zhang.

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CO2 Climate Change Carbon Singapore 281

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JULY 8, 2015

million in Carbon Recycling International (CRI). Geely’s CRI investment and work with renewable methanol is similar to the approach Audi is taking with its own e-fuels projects—producing very low carbon liquid or gaseous fuels using only renewable energy, water and CO 2. —Li Shufu, Chairman of Geely Group. Earlier post.).

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Renewable Carbon Water Fuel 247

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JUNE 1, 2010

The alliance team members believe that the best way to accomplish CO 2 reduction goals is to commercialize platforms that will utilize CO 2 as a carbon feedstock for the production of valuable products, such as diesel fuel.”. —Dr. In addition, commercial partners have signed on to advance work on the first round of commercial plants.

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Waste Solar Commercial CO2 268

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AUGUST 13, 2009

the developer of technology for efficient and non-destructive ( earlier post ) extraction of oil from algae, led a consortium in a recently submitted application for a grant under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 targeting the beneficial use of CO 2. Carbon Sciences, Inc., Carbon Sciences, Inc., OriginOil, Inc.,

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Grant Carbon Fuel CO2 186

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APRIL 16, 2012

Total emissions of the six main greenhouse gases in 2010 were equivalent to 6,822 million metric tons of carbon dioxide. These gases include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulfur hexafluoride. From 2009 to 2010, these emissions increased by 181.6 increased from 4,738.3

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2010 EPA Transportation Emissions 252

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MARCH 15, 2013

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released its annual report summarizing key trends in carbon dioxide emissions, fuel economy, and CO 2 - and fuel economy-related technology for gasoline- and diesel-fueled personal vehicles sold in the United States, from model years (MY) 1975 through 2012. Source: EPA. Click to enlarge.

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Fuel Economy 2012 EPA Economy 284

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JANUARY 4, 2010

The analysis indicates that natural carbon sinks are maintaining overall resilience despite recent signs that the carbon uptakes of specific sinks are in decline. Approximately 40-45% of carbon emissions emitted every year remain in the atmosphere, with the balance absorbed as part of the Earth’s carbon cycle. per decade.

Carbon 186

Carbon Climate Change CO2 Climate 186

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MARCH 9, 2011

Carbon-neutral liquid fuel. As long as the energy for the process is renewably generated, PARC notes, the overall process is carbon-neutral. The technique uses a solvent such as sodium or potassium hydroxides, converted by reacting with CO 2 to aqueous carbonates or bicarbonates. Electrodes. —Eisaman et al.

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Renewable Carbon Fuel Building 236

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MARCH 8, 2013

Mobile air conditioning systems are the single most important source of fluorinated greenhouse gases, due mainly to high emissions during their operation and their large numbers, noted Germany’s Umweltbundesamt in a 2009 publication on CO 2 systems. R1234yf (GWP = 4) ( earlier post ) is also a class A2 refrigerant. Craig, and James A.

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Future CO2 2009 Climate 311

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MARCH 11, 2011

million) into another phase of their research on CO2 scrubbing for carbon capture. The pilot plant which was commissioned in the coal innovation center in Niederaussem in 2009 will now go through a long-term test from March until the end of 2013. Linde, BASF and German power utility RWE will invest a further €6 million (US$8.3

CO2 186

CO2 2007 Coal Carbon 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 4, 2012

Evaluation-related test drilling at geologic sites in three states that could store a combined 64 million metric tons of CO 2 emissions—an important component of carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology development—has been completed in projects supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE).

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CO2 Alabama New York Wyoming 225

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 18, 2010

L/100km), though there is uncertainty in these projections as they were made during the atypical automotive market in 2009. L/100km), though there is uncertainty in these projections as they were made during the atypical automotive market in 2009. A decrease for the six years beginning in 2005, with the largest decrease in 2009.

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Fuel Economy 2009 2010 Economy 210

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2016

Researchers from George Washington University and Vanderbilt University have demonstrated the conversion of atmospheric CO 2 into carbon nanofibers (CNFs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for use as high-performance anodes in both lithium-ion and sodium-ion batteries. Earlier post.) —Licht et al.

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Li-ion Carbon Convert Sodium 210

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SEPTEMBER 5, 2009

Licht, 2009. Calculated potential needed to electrolyze carbon dioxide or water. Licht, 2009. Licht, 2009. A molten carbonate bath electrolysis cell, fed by CO 2 , generates CO—an important syngas component and, which when reacted with H 2 , forms methanol. Licht, 2009. Licht, 2009. Click to enlarge.

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Solar Conversion CO2 2009 258

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NOVEMBER 16, 2012

CSA Group, a leading developer of standards, codes and training programs, and the International Performance Assessment Centre for Geologic Storage of Carbon Dioxide (IPAC-CO 2 Research Inc.), Global carbon dioxide emissions from fossil-fuel combustion 2 reached a record high of 31.6 This represents an increase of 1.0

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Standards CO2 Canada Carbon 231

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 24, 2009

Thirteen scientists and land use experts conclude in a new paper that an important but fixable error in legal accounting rules used to measure compliance with carbon limits for bioenergy could undermine efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by encouraging deforestation. Their paper is published in the 23 Oct. Accounting rules.

Emissions 285

Emissions Carbon Climate Change Climate 285

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FEBRUARY 1, 2011

The European Union has published rules on exemptions from carbon reduction targets for car manufacturers. The derogations were set in the EU’s 2009 Cars and CO 2 regulation and will enter force on 16 February. The 2009 regulation sets an average new car emissions limit of 130 g/km by 2015.

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Manufacturer CO2 2007 Cars 186

Green Car Congress

MAY 30, 2011

Energy-related carbon-dioxide (CO2) emissions in 2010 were the highest in history, according to the latest estimates by the International Energy Agency (IEA). After a dip in 2009 caused by the global financial crisis, emissions are estimated to have climbed to a record 30.6 tonnes for China, and 1.5 tonnes in India.

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2010 Emissions 2020 CO2 257

Green Car Congress

MAY 30, 2020

Climeworks, a company founded at ETH Zurich in 2009, is pursuing CO 2 air separation to provide the carbon required for fuel synthesis in a sustainable manner. The CO 2 collectors selectively capture carbon dioxide in a two-step process. Second, after the filter material is full with carbon dioxide, the collector is closed.

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Solar Fuel Conversion CO2 269

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MARCH 30, 2009

The results show that electromethanogenesis can be used to convert electrical current produced from renewable energy sources (such as wind, solar, or biomass) into a biofuel (methane) as well as serving as a method for the capture of carbon dioxide. At a set potential of less than -0.7 V, the current capture efficiency was 96%. Cheng et al.

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CO2 Production Hydrogen Carbon 236

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NOVEMBER 22, 2010

Global carbon dioxide emissions show no sign of abating and may reach record levels in 2010, according to a study led by the University of Exeter (UK). The study, which also involved the University of East Anglia (UK) and other global institutions, is part of the annual carbon budget update by the Global Carbon Project.

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2010 Global Emissions CO2 210

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 8, 2011

The technology could help offset the cost of geologic carbon storage. Carbon storage takes a lot of power—large pumps and compressors are needed. The site’s three-kilometer deep reservoir has proven to be an ideal site for carbon sequestration. —Barry Freifeld, Berkeley Lab’s Earth Sciences Division.

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Energy CO2 Production Water 244

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APRIL 21, 2010

In 2009, motor vehicle taxes in the EU 15 amounted to €377 billion (US$505 billion) or 3.4% New to the list are Germany, that introduced such system in the summer of 2009, and Latvia. In 2009, the market share of cars emitting 120 gCO 2 /km had risen to 25%.

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Tax Plug-in Czech Republic Latvia 268

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2009

Illustration of the carbon capture plant. megawatt (electric) slipstream from the plant, captures approximately 40 tons of carbon dioxide each day. The project confirmed the predicted performance of the chilled ammonia carbon capture system at an operating power plant. The three-step carbon capture process at Pleasant Prairie.

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EPRI CO2 Coal Carbon 223

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OCTOBER 6, 2017

decline in energy-related CO2, according to the latest report from the US Energy Information Administration (EIA). These contributing factors included a decline in the carbon intensity of the energy supply (CO 2 /British thermal units [Btu]) of 1.7% Natural gas CO 2 emissions have increased every year since 2009. along with a 1.4%

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2016 CO2 Emissions Transportation 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 29, 2009

Under the terms of the LOI, Mantra and KC Cottrell will enter into a strategic alliance to engineer, build, test, and deploy a 100 kg-per day Electroreduction of Carbon Dioxide (ERC) reactor. With completion scheduled for December 2009, the company is now looking for an end-use for the concentrated CO 2.

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CO2 Production Power Grid 2007 199

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APRIL 11, 2009

In another study highlighting the role of black carbon particles in global warming ( earlier post ), a team of researchers has found that emissions from black carbon (BC) and organic matter (OM) drive springtime (March-May) melting in Eurasia nearly as much (95%) as anthropogenic CO 2. Tags: Black carbon Climate Change.

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Carbon San Diego CO2 Climate 150

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AUGUST 14, 2012

The US Energy Information Administration (EIA) reported that after an increase in 2010 of 3.3%, energy-related carbon dioxide emissions in the US in 2011 decreased by 2.4% (136 million metric tons), while GDP grew by 1.8%. This indicates that the carbon intensity of the economy declined by about 4.2%. per gallon.

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2011 Emissions Energy CO2 231

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2009

million the US Department of Energy recently awarded to carbon capture and storage research projects, $5.9 It is clear, that without displacement of a carbon intensive energy source, CO 2 -EOR systems will result in net carbon emissions. McCoy (2009) Life Cycle Inventory of CO 2 in an Enhanced Oil Recovery System.

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Oil Carbon Emissions CO2 186

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MAY 25, 2014

Carbon dioxide recycling in the methanol economy Source: Olah et al. 2009, earlier post. The report’s authors presented four policy options: (1) market-driven approach; (2) regulatory push for carbon capture and utilization; (3) “methanol islands”; and (4) scenario-driven transition strategies. Click to enlarge. Goeppert, A.

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Transportation CO2 Carbon Hydrogen 244

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MARCH 3, 2010

77, a resolution of disapproval on the Environmental Protection Agency’s move to regulate carbon dioxide as a pollutant. Earlier post.)

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EPA Alaska CO2 Ohio 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 14, 2013

The US Energy Information Administration (EIA) has released a new report, State-Level Energy-Related Carbon Dioxide Emissions, 2000-2010. The report shows a significant variation of energy-related carbon dioxide emissions across states on both an absolute and a per capita basis. Source: EIA. Click to enlarge. million tonnes).

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2010 Emissions California Transportation 236

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JULY 22, 2010

The US Department of Energy has selected six projects for funding that aim to find ways of converting captured carbon dioxide emissions from industrial sources into useful products such as fuel, plastics, cement, and fertilizers. The six projects were initially selected for a first-phase funding in October 2009 as part of a $1.4

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Conversion CO2 Carbon San Antonio 225

Green Car Congress

JUNE 4, 2014

The Wyoming Rock Springs Uplift could potentially store 14 to 17 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide (CO2), according to results from a Department of Energy-sponsored study. For every 1 million metric tons of CO 2 stored, approximately 250 metric tons of lithium carbonate, with an approximate market value of $1.6

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Wyoming Carbon Store CO2 199