2007, Coal, Fuel and Global

New inventory of black carbon emissions from China finds 2007 levels higher than previously reported

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2012

for year 2007. A new black carbon (BC) emissions inventory from China found BC emissions levels in 2007 of 1,957 Gg BC—higher than reported in earlier studies. Black carbon is released into the atmosphere via incomplete combustion of carbonaceous fuel and is of major concern because of the impact on climate systems.

2007

2007 Carbon Emissions China

EIA: US energy-related CO2 emissions in 2012 lowest since 1994; reflects drop in coal use

Green Car Congress

APRIL 5, 2013

With the exception of 2010, emissions have declined every year since 2007. The largest drop in emissions in 2012 came from coal, which is used almost exclusively for electricity generation. The researchers estimated costs for both types of plants over a wide range of fuel prices and under both existing and pending emissions standards.

Coal

Coal 2012 Emissions Energy

PBL/JRC: Global CO2 emissions increase to new all-time record in 2013, but growth is slowing down

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 18, 2014

Global CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel use and cement production reached a new all-time high in 2013, according to the annual report “Trends in global CO2 emissions”, released by PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency and the European Joint Research Centre (JRC). tonnes CO 2 /cap, which is 50% above the global average.

2013

2013 Emissions Global CO2

EIA: Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the US Down 2.2% in 2007; Transportation Sector Emissions Down 4.7%

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2009

below the 2007 total, according to the just-released report by the US Energy Information Administration, Emissions of Greenhouse Gases in the United States 2008. million metric tons carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTCO 2 e) in 2007 to 7,052.6 Most of the increase came from coal mining and from natural gas production and processing.

2007

2007 Emissions Transportation Gas

Worldwatch: Fossil fuel subsidies continue to outweigh those for renewable energy; international pledges on reform unfulfilled

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2012

Estimated consumption subsidies, industrial and developing countries, fossil fuels and renewables. Fossil fuel subsidies continue to far outweigh support for renewable energy, according to new research conducted for the Worldwatch Institute’s Vital Signs Online service. GSI: Fuel Subsidies in India. Source: Worldwatch.

Renewable

Renewable International Fuel Energy

IIASA: removing fossil fuel subsidies will not reduce CO2 emissions as much as hoped

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 8, 2018

Removing fossil fuel subsidies would have only a small effect on CO 2 emissions and renewable energy use, according to a new study led by the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) and published in the journal Nature. That means that in some cases the removal of subsidies causes a switch to more emissions-intensive coal.

Emissions

Emissions Fuel CO2 Oil

U Chicago, MIT study suggests ongoing use of fossil fuels absent new carbon taxes

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 24, 2016

A paper by a team from the University of Chicago and MIT suggests that technology-driven cost reductions in fossil fuels will lead to the continued use of fossil fuels—oil, gas, and coal—unless governments pass new taxes on carbon emissions. for oil, 24% for coal, and 20% for natural gas.

Chicago

Chicago MIT Carbon Tax

Report finds Coal-to-Liquids and Oil Shale pose significant financial and environmental risks to investors

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 19, 2010

Ceres recently released a new report concluding that coal-to-liquid (CTL) and oil shale technologies face significant environmental and financial obstacles—from water constraints, to technological uncertainties to regulatory and market risks—that pose substantial financial risks for investors involved in such projects.

Coal

Coal Oil Water Oil Prices

MIT Report Finds Natural Gas Has Significant Potential to Displace Coal, Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Role in Transportation More Limited

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2010

Natural gas will play a leading role in reducing greenhouse-gas emissions over the next several decades, largely by replacing older, inefficient coal plants with highly efficient combined-cycle gas generation, according to a major new interim report out from MIT. The first two reports dealt with nuclear power (2003) and coal (2007).

MIT

MIT Coal Gas Emissions

Steep increase in global CO2 emissions despite reductions by industrialized countries; driven by power generation and road transport

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2011

Global CO 2. emissions from fossil fuel use and cement production per region. After a decline in global CO 2 emissions in 2009 of 1% (including a. correction for the leap year 2008), global emissions have. After a decline in global CO 2 emissions in 2009 of 1% (including a. Indexed global CO 2. Source: JRC.

Emissions

Emissions Global Industry Industrial

Annual Increase in Global CO2 Emissions Halved in 2008; Decrease in Fossil Oil Consumption, Increase in Renewables Share

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2009

Global CO 2 emissions from fuel use and cement production by region. Global CO2 emissions increased from 15.3 For the first time, the share of global CO 2 emissions from developing countries is slightly higher (50.3%) than from industrialized countries (46.6%) and international transport (3.2%) together. Source: PBL.

2008

2008 Oil Renewable Emissions

UC Riverside and Thai Institute collaborating on thermochemical process for drop-in fuels from biomass

Green Car Congress

MAY 3, 2011

coal, dead forest wood or biomass. In recent years, the Bourns College of Engineering has also entered into global collaborative agreements with Tsinghua University in China, Hanbat University and Hanyang University, both in South Korea, and Tohoku University in Japan. DEER 2007 poster). Fuel Processing Technology , 90 (2).

Thailand

Thailand Fuel South Korea 2007

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

Controlling soot from fossil fuels and solid biofuels may be a faster method of reducing Arctic ice loss and global warming than other options, including controlling CH 4 or CO 2 , although all controls are needed, according to a new study by Dr. Mark Z. Jacobson at Stanford University. degrees Celsius (3 degrees Fahrenheit).

Global

Global Ozone CO2 Pollution

GCP Carbon Budget Finds Anthropogenic CO2 Emissions Rose 2% in 2008 Despite Global Financial Crisis; Natural Sinks Not Keeping Pace With Increasing Emissions

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2009

Despite the economic effects of the global financial crisis (GFC), carbon dioxide emissions from human activities rose 2% in 2008 to an all-time high of 1.3 Other main findings of the study include: CO 2 emissions from the burning of fossil fuels have increased at an average annual rate of 3.4% over the previous seven years.

2008

2008 Emissions Carbon Climate Change

EIA 2035 reference case projects drop in US imports of petroleum due to modest economic growth, increased efficiency, growing domestic oil production, and biofuels

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2012

EIA’s AEO2012 projects a continued decline in US imports of liquid fuels due to increased production of gas liquids and biofuels and greater fuel efficiency. Net petroleum imports as a share of total US liquid fuels consumed drop from 49% in 2010 to 38% in 2020 and 36% in 2035 in AEO2012. million barrels per day in 2007 to 5.5

Oil

Oil 2005 Production 2010

Full lifecycle CO2 of new Mercedes C-Class 10% less than outgoing model

Green Car Congress

MARCH 31, 2014

Over the entire lifecycle, the new C-Class shows advantages compared to its predecessor in terms of CO 2 , NO x , NMVOC and CH 4 emissions, as well as in the impact categories of global warming potential, acidification, eutrophication and summer smog. Natural gas and crude oil are strongly influenced by fuel consumption during the use phase.

Mercedes

Mercedes CO2 2007 MPG

EIA Energy Outlook 2013 reference case sees drop in fossil fuel consumption as use of petroleum-based liquid fuels falls; projects 20% higher sales of hybrids and PHEVs than AEO2012

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2012

Further, the fossil fuel share of primary energy consumption falls from 82% in 2011 to 78% in 2040 as consumption of petroleum-based liquid fuels falls, largely because of the incorporation of new fuel efficiency standards for light-duty vehicles. Renewable fuel use grows at a much faster rate than fossil fuel use.

Fuel

Fuel Energy Sale 2013

EIA: natural gas use for power falls as industrial use continues to rise; higher prices, cooler summer

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 4, 2013

For the first eleven months of 2013, natural gas consumption in the electric power sector was below 2012 levels because of relatively higher natural gas prices compared with coal prices, and cooler summer weather compared with 2012, according to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA).

Gas

Gas Industry Industrial Price

GM and Hawaii Gas Company to Collaborate on Hydrogen Infrastructure Pilot; Different Approach to Provisioning Fueling Stations

Green Car Congress

MAY 11, 2010

TGC plans to tap into its 1,000-mile utility pipeline system at key locations to separate the hydrogen from the stream through Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) technology for use by local fueling stations for fuel cell vehicles. The Hawaii infrastructure could eventually support tens of thousands of fuel cell vehicles.

Hawaii

Hawaii Hydrogen GM Gas

Qatar Airways, QSTP and Qatar Petroleum to Develop Renewable Biojet Fuel with Support of Airbus; Formation of Qatar Advanced Biofuel Platform

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 10, 2010

Qatar Airways, Qatar Science & Technology Park (QSTP) and Qatar Petroleum (QP) will jointly carry out engineering, economic analysis and move into the development of renewable biojet fuel that will also look into ways for production and supply, with the support of Airbus. All of these are known as xTL fuels. Earlier post.)

Qatar

Qatar Renewable Fuel Alternative Fuels

GE Technology Selected for Hydrogen Energy IGCC Project in California

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 31, 2009

In 2007, GE and BP formed a global alliance to jointly develop and deploy technology for at least five IGCC power plants that could significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generation. HEI is a joint venture of BP Alternative Energy and multinational mining company Rio Tinto Hydrogen.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen California Energy Tampa

Pacific Road To Acquire 10% Stake In UCG Company Carbon Energy Limited from CSIRO

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2010

Private equity fund Pacific Road has agreed to acquire 10% of underground coal gasification (UCG) company Carbon Energy Limited from Australia’s national science agency CSIRO in an off-market trade. Pacific Road Capital is a private equity manager which invests in the global mining industry. interest in the Company on 30 June 2008.

Carbon

Carbon Companies Energy Coal

EPA: US greenhouse gases dropped 3.4% in 2012 from 2011; down 10% from 2005 levels

Green Car Congress

APRIL 16, 2014

The major contributors to the decrease in emissions from 2011-2012 were the decrease in energy consumption across all sectors in the US economy, and the decrease in carbon intensity for electricity generation due to fuel switching from coal to natural gas. 2012 CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion by sector and fuel type.

2005

2005 2012 EPA 2011

IPCC: GHG emissions accelerating despite mitigation efforts; major institutional and technological change required to keep the heat down

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2014

Decomposition of the decadal change in total global CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion by four driving factors; population, income (GDP) per capita, energy intensity of GDP and carbon intensity of energy. The global economic crisis 2007/2008 only temporarily reduced emissions. WG III Summary for Policymakers.

Emissions

Emissions Climate Change 2000 Climate

Newcastle Univ. researchers say expansion of Panama Canal could help reduce carbon footprint of marine industry

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 24, 2012

the shipping of grain, ore, coal and so on—which result directly from the expansion of the canal. The potential savings in fuel costs are substantial, as is the consequent reduction in emissions, potentially saving up to 16% per tonne-mile. —Paul Stott.

Panama

Panama Mariner Industry Industrial

Black carbon is a much larger cause of climate change than previously assessed; about twice previous estimates, and 2/3 the effect of CO2

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2013

Black carbon (BC) is the second largest man-made contributor to global warming and its influence on climate has been greatly underestimated, according to the first quantitative and comprehensive analysis of this pollutant’s climate impact. Schematic overview of the primary black-carbon emission sources and the processes that control.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Carbon CO2

CO2 and Methane Emissions Continued Rise in 2008 Despite Economic Slump

Green Car Congress

APRIL 24, 2009

Anthropogenic atmospheric CO 2 , fossil fuel emissions, world GDP, and world population for the past century. CO 2 data from Antarctic ice cores (green points), Mauna Loa Observatory (red curve), and the global network (blue dots). billion tons of carbon dioxide (CO 2 )—a byproduct of fossil fuel burning—and 12.2 Credit: NOAA.

2008

2008 CO2 Emissions Climate Change

US Global Change Research Program Issues Report on Impacts of Climate Change in US; Details Point to Potential Value of Early, Aggressive Action

Green Car Congress

JUNE 17, 2009

Climate change is already having visible impacts in the United States, and the choices we make now will determine the severity of its impacts in the future, according to the final release of the report “Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States”. Global Climate Change Impacts in the United States.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Global United States

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

The bill also establishes an interagency council to ensure an integrated federal response to adapting to the effects of global warming. The draft promotes development of carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) technologies to establish a continuing place for coal in the US energy mix. Clean Fuels and Vehicles.

Climate

Climate Standards Carbon California

EIA AEO2015 projects elimination of net US energy imports in 2020-2030 timeframe; transportation energy consumption drops

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2015

Fuel economy standards and changing driver behavior keep motor gasoline consumption below recent levels through 2040 in the Reference case. Improved efficiency in the end-use sectors and a shift away from more carbon-intensive fuels help to stabilize US energy-related carbon dioxide emissions, which remain below the 2005 level through 2040.

2020

2020 Energy Transportation Oil Prices

Study: even with high LDV electrification, low-carbon biofuels will be necessary to meet 80% GHG reduction target; “daunting” policy implications

Green Car Congress

JULY 3, 2015

An 80% reduction in US greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050 has been generally established as the de facto required domestic contribution to stabilizing global concentrations at low to medium levels, that is, 450 and 550 ppm carbon dioxide equivalent (CO 2 -equiv). —Meier et al.

Carbon

Carbon EPRI Climate Gasoline-Electric

Final session on international mercury convention this week expected to culminate in agreement; UNEP Global Mercury Assessment 2013 finds industrial source Hg emissions may be rising

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2013

Unintentional emission sectors: Coal burning, ferrous- and non-ferrous (Au, Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn) metal production, cement production. UNEP produced its first Global Mercury Assessment in 2002 and a subsequent study in 2007. These global percentages will, of course, vary on a regional basis. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge.

Mercury

Mercury Emissions 2013 Global

Annual increases in CO2 slows down

Green Cars News

JUNE 28, 2009

Who said no good has come from the global financial crisis? With oil prices surging in the summer of 2008, the annual increase in global emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) from oil, coal, gas and cement production appear to have halved according to preliminary estimates by the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency.

CO2

CO2 Netherlands 2008 2007

US EIA Projects World Energy Use to Grow 44% Between 2006 and 2030, CO2 Emissions Up by 39%

Green Car Congress

MAY 27, 2009

With strong economic growth and continued heavy reliance on fossil fuels expected for most of the non-OECD economies, much of the increase in carbon dioxide emissions is projected to occur among the developing, non-OECD nations. In 2006, non-OECD emissions exceeded OECD emissions by 14%. million barrels per day. million barrels per day.

2006

2006 Emissions Energy Oil-Sands

Perspective: The Role of Offsets in Climate Change Legislation

Green Car Congress

MARCH 6, 2010

coal-fired power plants) would either be required by the emissions cap. From a global climate change perspective, it does not matter where or from what source the reduction occurs: the effect on the atmospheric concentration of GHGs would be the same. Although Congress could address GHG emissions with alternative policies—e.g.,

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Emissions 2008

Renewable Energy Generation: Change is not a destination, just as hope is not a strategy, a lesson exported from Detroit

Green Car Congress

APRIL 5, 2011

percent of energy consumption to come from non fossil fuels [ earlier post ]. Globally, more than 100 nations have established renewable energy targets. Closer to home, the federal fuel economy standards require the average fleet fuel economy of OEMs that sell vehicles in the USA to be 35.5 mpg by 2016.

Renewable

Renewable West Virginia Energy USA

Perspective: The UN Approval Process for Carbon Offsets

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2010

According to a report by the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the margin of error in measuring emissions by DOEs can be as high as: 10% for the cement and fertilizer industries; 60% for the oil, gas, and coal industries; and. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Climate Change 2007: Mitigation.

Carbon

Carbon Climate Change Climate Emissions

Devil in the Details: World Leaders Scramble To Salvage and Shape Copenhagens UNFCCC Climate Summit

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2009

However, the slow pace of negotiations spurred UNFCCC delegates to publish a “roadmap to Copenhagen” in December 2007 at the 13 th Congress in Bali, in an effort to accelerate the progress of those negotiations. AR4 also affirmed that warming would have to be held to no more than 2 ºC to 2.4

Climate

Climate Climate Change 2009 Emissions

Study concludes that NG leakage higher than reflected in inventories; transportation fuel climate benefits questioned

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 14, 2014

In contrast to the “green light” for coal-to-NG substitution for power generation, the authors suggest that climate benefits from vehicle fuel substitution are uncertain (gasoline, light-duty) or improbable (diesel, heavy-duty).

Climate

Climate Transportation Fuel Coal

Report from the REFF-Wall Street; Themes in Renewable Energy Finance

Green Car Congress

JULY 22, 2009

Other than the good news on oil consumption, very little was said in regards to transportation fuels. Renewables account for approximately 10-15% of the global energy infrastructure investment and according to New Energy Finance renewables have been hit hard by the global recession with a 47% in Q1 2009 vs. Q1 2008 ($13.3

Financing

Financing Renewable Stimulus Package Energy

Plug-In Hybrids (or Plugin Hybrids)

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

Its like having a second fuel tank that you always use first -- only you fill up at home, from a regular outlet, at an equivalent cost of under $1/gallon. In the second study, for the next 20 years, even if, worst-case, we still use lots of coal, nationwide air quality for other emissions will also improve. You dont have to plug it in.

Plug-in

Plug-in Plugin Plug Hybrid

Profile: Farmers Ethanol: Focusing on Sustainable Corn Ethanol Production and a Triple Bottom Line

Green Car Congress

MAY 27, 2009

The fermentation and distillation process is similar to a conventional plant, but the facility will be fueled by the steam heat from a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) generator. The generator is fueled by the methane produced by an anaerobic digester. and some banks are expecting fuel adjustment clauses ,” Einowski added.

Production

Production Ohio Waste Financing

IISD Releases Five-Part Series of Reports on Removing Fossil Fuel Subsidies

Green Car Congress

APRIL 22, 2010

The International Institute for Sustainable Development’s Geneva-based Global Subsidies Initiative ( GSI ) has issued a five-part series of reports into how nations might remove fossil-fuel subsidies, on the eve of a meeting of G20 finance ministers in Washington this week. The Politics of Fossil-Fuel Subsidies (Victor, 2009).

Parts

Parts Fuel 2010 Climate Change

Car Companies Standardize Plug for Electric Vehicles : Gas 2.0

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

is a Green Options Media Production. is a Green Options Media Production. is a Green Options Media Production. is a Green Options Media Production.

Gas-Electric

Gas-Electric Standards Plug Gas

New inventory of black carbon emissions from China finds 2007 levels higher than previously reported

EIA: US energy-related CO2 emissions in 2012 lowest since 1994; reflects drop in coal use

PBL/JRC: Global CO2 emissions increase to new all-time record in 2013, but growth is slowing down

EIA: Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the US Down 2.2% in 2007; Transportation Sector Emissions Down 4.7%

Worldwatch: Fossil fuel subsidies continue to outweigh those for renewable energy; international pledges on reform unfulfilled

IIASA: removing fossil fuel subsidies will not reduce CO2 emissions as much as hoped

U Chicago, MIT study suggests ongoing use of fossil fuels absent new carbon taxes

Report finds Coal-to-Liquids and Oil Shale pose significant financial and environmental risks to investors

MIT Report Finds Natural Gas Has Significant Potential to Displace Coal, Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Role in Transportation More Limited

Steep increase in global CO2 emissions despite reductions by industrialized countries; driven by power generation and road transport

Annual Increase in Global CO2 Emissions Halved in 2008; Decrease in Fossil Oil Consumption, Increase in Renewables Share

UC Riverside and Thai Institute collaborating on thermochemical process for drop-in fuels from biomass

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

GCP Carbon Budget Finds Anthropogenic CO2 Emissions Rose 2% in 2008 Despite Global Financial Crisis; Natural Sinks Not Keeping Pace With Increasing Emissions

EIA 2035 reference case projects drop in US imports of petroleum due to modest economic growth, increased efficiency, growing domestic oil production, and biofuels

Full lifecycle CO2 of new Mercedes C-Class 10% less than outgoing model

EIA Energy Outlook 2013 reference case sees drop in fossil fuel consumption as use of petroleum-based liquid fuels falls; projects 20% higher sales of hybrids and PHEVs than AEO2012

EIA: natural gas use for power falls as industrial use continues to rise; higher prices, cooler summer

GM and Hawaii Gas Company to Collaborate on Hydrogen Infrastructure Pilot; Different Approach to Provisioning Fueling Stations

Qatar Airways, QSTP and Qatar Petroleum to Develop Renewable Biojet Fuel with Support of Airbus; Formation of Qatar Advanced Biofuel Platform

GE Technology Selected for Hydrogen Energy IGCC Project in California

Pacific Road To Acquire 10% Stake In UCG Company Carbon Energy Limited from CSIRO

EPA: US greenhouse gases dropped 3.4% in 2012 from 2011; down 10% from 2005 levels

IPCC: GHG emissions accelerating despite mitigation efforts; major institutional and technological change required to keep the heat down

Newcastle Univ. researchers say expansion of Panama Canal could help reduce carbon footprint of marine industry

Black carbon is a much larger cause of climate change than previously assessed; about twice previous estimates, and 2/3 the effect of CO2

CO2 and Methane Emissions Continued Rise in 2008 Despite Economic Slump

US Global Change Research Program Issues Report on Impacts of Climate Change in US; Details Point to Potential Value of Early, Aggressive Action

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

EIA AEO2015 projects elimination of net US energy imports in 2020-2030 timeframe; transportation energy consumption drops

Study: even with high LDV electrification, low-carbon biofuels will be necessary to meet 80% GHG reduction target; “daunting” policy implications

Final session on international mercury convention this week expected to culminate in agreement; UNEP Global Mercury Assessment 2013 finds industrial source Hg emissions may be rising

Annual increases in CO2 slows down

US EIA Projects World Energy Use to Grow 44% Between 2006 and 2030, CO2 Emissions Up by 39%

Perspective: The Role of Offsets in Climate Change Legislation

Renewable Energy Generation: Change is not a destination, just as hope is not a strategy, a lesson exported from Detroit

Perspective: The UN Approval Process for Carbon Offsets

Devil in the Details: World Leaders Scramble To Salvage and Shape Copenhagens UNFCCC Climate Summit

Study concludes that NG leakage higher than reflected in inventories; transportation fuel climate benefits questioned

Report from the REFF-Wall Street; Themes in Renewable Energy Finance

Plug-In Hybrids (or Plugin Hybrids)

Profile: Farmers Ethanol: Focusing on Sustainable Corn Ethanol Production and a Triple Bottom Line

IISD Releases Five-Part Series of Reports on Removing Fossil Fuel Subsidies

Car Companies Standardize Plug for Electric Vehicles : Gas 2.0

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