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Researchers led by engineers at The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) have proposed a low-cost, cactus-inspired nickel-based material to help split water more cheaply and efficiently. Nickel, however, is not as quick and effective at breaking down water into hydrogen. who led the study.
The nanostructured photoelectrode results in spontaneous hydrogen evolution from water without any external bias applied with a faradaic efficiency of 30% and excellent stability. The greatest challenge is to develop a suitable technology for large scale and cost effective solar fuel production to compete with fossil fuel.
Stanford researchers, with a colleague from King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, have developed a simple and environmentally sound way to make ammonia with tiny droplets of water and nitrogen from the air. Water microdroplets are the hydrogen source for N 2 in contact with Fe 3 O 4. The conversion rate reaches 32.9 ± 1.38
Michael Grätzel at EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) in Switzerland has developed a highly efficient and low-costwater-splitting cell combining an advanced perovskite tandem solar cell and a bi-functional Earth-abundant catalyst. Splitting water requires an applied voltage of at least 1.23 V and up to 1.5
Renewable energy output is subject to large fluctuations, so FH2R will adjust to supply and demand in the power grid in order to maximize utilization of this energy while establishing low-cost, Green hydrogen production technology.
volts (V) of water-splitting voltage with its novel low-cost electrolysis technology. The theoretical minimum voltage needed to split water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen is 1.23 Nanosystem for water electrolysis. HyperSolar, Inc. announced that it had reached 1.25 V (at 25 °C at pH 0). Click to enlarge.
Researchers at Stanford University, with colleagues at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and other institutions, have developed a nickel-based electrocatalyst for low-costwater-splitting for hydrogen production with performance close to that of much more expensive commercial platinum electrocatalysts. Click to enlarge.
Rice University researchers have created an efficient, low-cost device that splits water to produce hydrogen fuel. The current flows to the catalysts that turn water into hydrogen and oxygen, with a sunlight-to-hydrogen efficiency as high as 6.7%. It utilizes water and sunlight to get chemical fuels. 9b09053.
Researchers at Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) and The University of Texas at San Antonio (UTSA) have determined that biochar, a substance produced from plant matter, is a safe, effective and inexpensive method to treat flowback water following hydraulic fracturing, or fracking. —Maoqi Feng, SwRI. —Zhigang Feng, USTA.
Because it operates at high temperatures, the Bloom Electrolyzer requires less energy to break up water molecules and produce hydrogen. As a result, Bloom Energy’s electrolyzer consumes 15% less electricity than other electrolyzer technologies to make hydrogen when electricity is the sole input source.
By using a water-lean post-combustion capture solvent, (N-(2-ethoxyethyl)-3-morpholinopropan-1-amine) (2-EEMPA), they achieved a greater than 90% conversion of captured CO 2 to hydrocarbons—mostly methane—in the presence of a heterogenous Ru catalyst under relatively mild reaction conditions (170 °C and 2 pressure). Heldebrant, D.,
Furthermore, this electrode permits higher charging voltages by suppressing the parasitic water-splitting reactions. The quinones are dissolved in water, which prevents them from catching fire. Quinones are abundant in crude oil as well as in green plants. You could theoretically put this on any node on the grid. Gerhardt, Cooper J.
The process is constrained by the (low) cost of electricity. Schematic representation of an ocean-based solar thermal and photovoltaic field to drive both water purification and C2CNT splitting of CO 2 to useful products. —Johnson et al. Johnson et al. Click to enlarge. 2017.07.003.
Researchers from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and their Canadian partners have designed a low-cost photoreactor design for solar-driven synthesis. The photoreactors have a low level of complexity, are readily manufacturable via mass fabrication techniques in polymers, and are easy to adapt to diverse photocatalysts.
The use of 3D printing allows construction of light-weight, low-cost electrolyzers and the rapid prototyping of flow field design. Flow plates which separate each cell in the electrolyzer stack and which are machined with a flow path for circulation of the water. Source: Cronin et al. Click to enlarge. —Cronin et al.
Iron and nickel, which are found in abundance on Earth, would replace precious metals ruthenium, platinum and iridium that up until now are regarded as benchmark catalysts in the water-splitting process. —Suryanto et al. —Suryanto et al. Suryanto et al.
Researchers at Washington State University, with colleagues at Argonne National Laboratory and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, have combined inexpensive nickel and iron in a very simple, five-minute process to create large amounts of a high-quality catalyst required for water splitting. SEM image of NiFe nanofoams. Source: WSU.
Researchers from the University of Houston (UH) have developed a cobalt(II) oxide (CoO) nanocrystalline catalyst that can carry out overall water splitting with a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of around 5%. The generation of hydrogen from water using sunlight could potentially form the basis of a clean and renewable source of energy.
Berlin-based Graforce Hydro GmbH, the developer of a plasma electrolyzer—the Plasmalyzer —is applying its technology for the highly efficient generation of hydrogen from industrial waste water. The technology we’ve developed is capable of cleaning wastewater and producing a low-cost, low-emission fuel from it.
Researchers from the University of North Carolina have synthesized high-photovoltage multijunction Si nanowires (SiNWs) that are co-functionalized to split water catalytically. When integrated with the co-catalysts and suspended in water, these light-activated nanoreactors produced hydrogen gas under visible and infrared light.
The new electrocatalyst can be produced at large scale and lowcost, providing a new paradigm in a wide application of hydrogen production by electrochemical reaction in future. This schematic diagram shows the dealloying process from a dual-phase structure to a dendritic-like structure. Source: CityU. Source: CityU.
There is an accompanying need to develop new low-cost and low-carbon technologies for hydrogen production. Aurora Hydrogen is scaling its proprietary and highly efficient microwave pyrolysis technology to produce hydrogen and solid carbon from natural gas without generating CO 2 emissions or consuming water.
The lowcost of porous melamine means that the material could be deployed widely. In contrast, the melamine porous network with DETA and cyanuric acid modification captures CO 2 at about 40 degrees Celsius, slightly above room temperature, and releases it at 80 degrees Celsius, below the boiling point of water.
The mesh with BiVO 4 nanowire photoanode for water oxidation and Rh-SrTiO 3 nanowire photocathode for water reduction produces hydrogen gas without an electron mediator. an “artificial leaf” to produce hydrogen—based on a nanowire mesh that lends itself to large-scale, low-cost production. Credit: ACS, Liu et al.
A multi-institutional team led by the US Department of Energy’s (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) has developed a low-cost cobalt-based catalyst for the production of hydrogen in a proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE). volts (Nafion 212 membrane) and low degradation in an accelerated stress test.
This is not, however, simply a case of reengineering the technology currently optimized for high-pressure conversion of syngas into methanol, because a low-pressure CO 2 reduction process may require a different catalyst. The syngas is then converted into methanol in a high-pressure process using a catalyst made of copper, zinc and aluminum.
ARPA-E’s new program, Robust Affordable Next Generation Energy Storage Systems (RANGE) ( earlier post ), aims to accelerate widespread EV adoption by dramatically improving driving range and reliability, and by providing low-cost, low-carbon alternatives to today’s vehicles. University of Houston. EnZinc Inc. Dendrite Free Zinc?Air
H2Pro is developing a new way of producing hydrogen from water. Similar to electrolysis, its technology, E-TAC (Electrochemical – Thermally Activated Chemical)—developed at Technion, Israel Institute of Technology—uses electricity to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. HHV) inside the reactors and a 95% system efficiency.
Researchers at KAUST have developed and used a novel way of increasing the chemical reactivity of a two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide material to produce a cheap and effective catalyst for water splitting to produce hydrogen. A monolayer of molybdenum disulfide is only reactive for reducing water to hydrogen at its edge.
The US Department of Energy’s Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) announced $11 million in funding for 7 projects in the fourth and fifth cohorts of the agency’s OPEN+ program: Energy-Water Technologies and Sensors for Bioenergy and Agriculture. Energy-Water Technologies cohort.
In collaboration with NE, DOE’s Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technologies Office will provide funding and project oversight for the two hydrogen production–related projects that were selected: General Electric Global Research, Scaled Solid Oxide Co-Electrolysis for Low-Cost Syngas Synthesis from Nuclear Energy.
With efficiencies above 90%, Topsoe’s proprietary SOEC electrolyzers offer superior performance in electrolysis of water into hydrogen—e.g., The SOEC is a ceramic cell that uses electricity to split water molecules (H 2 O) into hydrogen (H 2 ) and oxygen (O 2 ). —Hauch et al. E tn , thermoneutral potential. Hauch et al.
ENEOS Corporation has constructed a demonstration plant in Brisbane, Australia, to produce methylcyclohexane (MCH), a liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC), using its proprietary low-cost electrochemical synthesis of organic hydride method Direct MCH. Eneos’ Direct MCH uses an electrolyzer to produce MCH directly from water.
Researchers at the University of Houston have developed a catalyst—composed of easily available, low-cost materials and operating far more efficiently than previous catalyst—that can split water into hydrogen and oxygen. A paper on their work is published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
Composed of earth-abundant elements that can be ethically sourced and operated at moderately elevated temperatures just above the boiling point of water, this chemistry has all the requisites of a low-cost, rechargeable, fire-resistant, recyclable battery. —Pang et al.
the developer of a technology to produce renewable hydrogen using sunlight and water ( earlier post ), is working with Suzhou GH New Energy Co. Gen 2 will use easily scalable low-cost electrochemical processing for manufacturing multi-junction nanoparticles for PEC production of hydrogen. HyperSolar, Inc.,
Researchers in China report using air oxidation–water leaching to recover lithium selectively from spent LiFePO 4 (LFP) material, in which the high leaching efficiency of lithium and the good separation effect of lithium and iron were achieved simultaneously. An open-access paper on their work is published in the RSC journal Green Chemistry.
Energy Vault’s advanced gravity energy storage solutions are based on the proven physics and mechanical engineering fundamentals of pumped hydroelectric energy storage, but replace water with custom-made composite blocks, or “mobile masses”, which do not lose storage capacity over time.
The Topsoe SOEC electrolyzer is a compact stack built primarily from abundant, low-cost ceramic materials enclosed within a metal housing. To produce hydrogen, it utilizes electricity to split water molecules (H 2 O) into hydrogen (H 2 ) and oxygen (O 2 ).
Researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Tsinghua University have used a gallium, indium, tin and bismuth alloy to generate hydrogen, when placed in contact with an aluminum plate immersed in water. Al is a favored hydrogen generation material because of its relatively lowcost, low density, and abundant geological reserves.
A team from the University of Houston and Hunan Normal University in China has developed an active and durable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst for water splitting that meets commercial crtieria for current densities at low overpotentials. to deliver 200 mA cm -2 , unsatisfactory for the commercial requirements of 1.8-2.4
University of Hawaii of Honolulu, Hawaii will receive $3 million to develop photoelectrodes for direct solar water splitting. University of Colorado, Boulder of Boulder, Colorado will receive $2 million to develop a novel solar-thermal reactor to split water with concentrated sunlight. FuelCell Energy Inc.
This permits the control of the rotary reformer when there is water content or chemical makeup variation in the feedstock, such as in MSW. Raven can also control the temperature gradient along the axis of the rotary reformer from 300 °F (149 ?C) C) at the front up to 1,200°F at the exit end.
Designed for the requirements of both small- and large-scale stationary energy storage applications, Aquion’s patented AHI battery systems offer high-performance, low-cost, operational safety, and sustainability. Aqueous hybrid ion chemistry. Source: Aquion. Click to enlarge.
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