Downsizing, Gasoline-Electric, Hybrid and Resource

HyBoost concept achieving close to Prius-level CO2 emissions; aggressive downsizing with advanced boosting and micro-hybrid system

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 1, 2011

variant but with fuel economy of a strong hybrid. HyBoost achieves this by combining aggressive 50% downsizing of the engine with an electric supercharger for transient low-speed performance, and a micro-hybrid stop-start and energy recuperation systems, Boggs said. Downsizing the 2.0-liter Micro-hybrid market.

Downsizing

Downsizing Prius Hybrid Emissions

CPT/AVL Study: New Generation of Micro-Hybrid Technologies Can Enable More than 25% Reduction in Fuel Consumption at Lower Cost Than Full Hybrid Drive Systems

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 13, 2010

liter ELC-Hybrid to downsized 1.4L VTES + SpeedStart. CPT and AVL have been working for the past 18 months to develop a value-driven micro/mild HEV solution, utilizing CPT’s production-ready VTES electric supercharger ( earlier post ). Reductions in fuel consumption and CO 2 from base 2.0-liter

VRLA

VRLA Hybrid Downsizing Fuel

ETH Zürich Developing Pneumatic Hybrid Engine; Approaches Hybrid-Electric Performance at Lower Cost

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 1, 2009

Pneumatic hybrid engine on the test bench. Researchers at ETH Zürich are developing a pneumatic hybrid engine—an internal combustion engine connected to a compressed air tank instead of a battery system. The compressed air supply also allows extreme downsizing. Rüegg / ETH Zurich. Click to enlarge. Dönitz et al.

Hybrid

Hybrid Engine Downsizing 2009

AVL Concept Turbohybrid Mild Hybrid System Approaches Full Hybrid Fuel Savings at Lower Cost; Improved Driveability

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 4, 2009

full hybrid (power-split) system delivered a 36% compared to the baseline. However, the system cost of the Turbohybrid was 150% that of the baseline, while the system cost of the full hybrid was more than 300% that of the baseline. higher (better) than both the conventional vehicle and the full hybrid. Click to enlarge.

Hybrid

Hybrid Concept Downsizing Fuel

CALSTART survey of major auto suppliers finds 70% don’t want US to change CAFE targets; split on amount of electrification needed

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 15, 2016

Suppliers identified a wide range of conventional and electric technology that could be used to meet the standards. Hybrid technology was also viewed as important, along with variable valve timing, gasoline direct injection, and mass reduction. 59% said that fuel-economy standards help spur job growth.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Auto Economy Standards

Full lifecycle CO2 of new Mercedes C-Class 10% less than outgoing model

Green Car Congress

MARCH 31, 2014

Over the entire lifecycle of the C 180, the lifecycle analysis yields a primary energy consumption of 521 gigajoules (corresponding to the energy content of around 16,000 liters of gasoline); an environmental input of approx. Where energy resources are concerned, lignite, hard coal and uranium figure principally in car production.

Mercedes

Mercedes CO2 2007 MPG

Simulation study suggests ORC waste heat recovery system could deliver potential 7% improvement in fuel consumption in a PHEV on highway

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2012

Internal combustion engines have been significantly improving in the past decade, after the adoption of technologies such as Gasoline Direct Injection, mild electrification, downsizing and turbocharging. The OSU EcoCAR prototype vehicle features an extended-range electric architecture with a downsized 1.8L Power from ORC.

Waste

Waste PHEV Fuel Exhaust

Study finds technology cost of achieving European 2020 LDV CO2 targets more than offset by resultant fuel savings

Green Car Congress

MARCH 19, 2013

This first report (Phase I) examines only the impact of improving the efficiency of fossil-fueled vehicles, in which efficiency gains are delivered by the improvement of the internal combustion engine vehicle, including lightweighting, engine downsizing and hybridization. An Economic Assessment of Low Carbon Vehicles.

Cost Of

Cost Of 2020 Fuel CO2

GM, Ford R&D execs stress importance of improved, advanced fuels for future engine efficiency gains, GHG goals

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2017

According to Brooks, among the technologies GM is looking to in the gasoline engine area are: Continued aggressive downsizing. We don’t need new fuels, we need improved gasoline with high RON, high sensitivity and low variability. Compression rations between 13 and 14 to maximize work extraction. Near zero sulfur (. 2016.8.

GM

GM Engine Future Fuel

Optimizing a CNG-Fueled Spark Injection Engine for a Parallel Hybrid Powertrain

Green Car Congress

APRIL 24, 2010

Since the end of 2006, Opel, Robert Bosch, IVK and FKFS have been working on a natural gas hybrid vehicle in a project supported by the German Federal Ministry of Economics and technology. The primary goal is developing a prototype of a CNG-fueled parallel hybrid based on an Opel Astra Caravan with less than 90 g CO 2 /km emissions.

Engine

Engine Hybrid Fuel Exhaust

HyBoost Project Aiming for 30-40% CO2 Reduction Without Performance Compromise

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 30, 2009

The HyBoost project ( earlier post ), a two-year collaborative research program led by Ricardo in partnership with Controlled Power Technologies, the European Advanced Lead Acid Battery Consortium, Ford, Imperial College London, and Valeo, aims to demonstrate a very cost-effective, ultra-efficient gasoline engine in a C-segment passenger car.

Lead Acid

Lead Acid CO2 Exhaust Gasoline-Electric

Former Commerce and Transportation Secretary Norman Mineta urges technology neutral policies in reaching proposed CAFE standards

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 8, 2011

Washington, DC’s current focus is electric vehicles (EVs) and electric technology. The federal government is pushing their fleet-procurement decisions almost completely to EVs and hybrids irrespective of costs. The average additional cost for a high efficiency ICE is about $2,000, against $8,000 for an electric vehicle.

Standards

Standards Transportation Fuel Economy MPG

Toyota Aims to Reduce Fuel Cell Vehicle Cost to 1/10 of Current By Commercialization in 2015; Reduction to Another 1/10 With Scale

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2009

In a news conference at the Japan National Press Club on Friday, Toyota Motor President Akio Toyoda said that the company plans to begin mass production of electric vehicles in the US in 2012, followed by US production of fuel cell vehicles in 2015. This is not an either-or choice between hybrids and electric cars.

2015

2015 Toyota Commercial Fuel

IEA: carbon intensity of global energy supply has barely changed in last 20 years; “window of opportunity in transport”

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2013

In a fairly bleak assessment of global progress towards low-carbon energy, the International Energy Agency (IEA) concluded that, despite a few bright spots such as the rapid expansion of renewable technologies and the growth of hybrid and EV sales, the progress is far below that required to achieve a 2 °C pathway—i.e.,

Carbon

Carbon Supplies Global Transportation

Researchers propose evaluating alt fuel efficiency based on energy rather than volume; impact of ethanol on vehicle efficiency and GHGs

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2013

Relative changes in vehicle energy efficiency (VEE) (km/MJ) on ethanol/gasoline blends over those on gasoline for different blending levels. Several recent highly cited LCAs that have incorporated vehicle efficiency differences between gasoline and ethanol/gasoline blends could potentially be misleading. Click to enlarge.

Fuel

Fuel Energy Gasoline-Electric Gasoline

DOE awards Envera $2.8M to develop and to test efficient variable compression ratio engine

Green Car Congress

JUNE 22, 2013

The new engine will achieve high efficiency using the Atkinson Cycle with an 18:1 compression ratio, combined with aggressive engine downsizing. The engine can also be combined with a hybrid drivetrain to attain even greater mileage improvements. Engine downsizing is a key tool in improving fuel economy. Earlier post.).

Engine

Engine Eaton Fuel Economy Downsizing

National Research Council Study Finds That Available Technologies Can Result in Significant Fuel Savings for Passenger Vehicles Over the Next 15 Years, But at Higher Purchase Prices for Consumers

Green Car Congress

JUNE 4, 2010

Using a 2007 base vehicle, the committee estimated the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines over that timeframe: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition (CI) diesel, and hybrid.

Purchase

Purchase Lithium Ion Fuel Available

Mixed Outlook for Mainstream Consumer Adoption of PHEVs

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 14, 2009

A series of presentations at the SAE 2009 Hybrid Vehicle Technology Symposium held in San Diego (11-12 February) sketched a mixed outlook for mainstream consumer—i.e., not enthusiast or pioneer—adoption of coming plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), given current market conditions and consumer awareness and attitudes.

PHEV

PHEV Fuel Economy San Diego Climate Change

EPAs GHG Standards for Light-Duty Vehicles; Special Credits To Encourage PHEVs, BEVs and FCVs

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2010

Included in this is a temporary program that will provide additional credit provisions as incentives for the development and sales of plug-in hybrids (PHEVs), battery-electric vehicles (BEVs); and fuel-cell vehicles (FCVs). Initial commercialization of electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids.

EPA

EPA Standards Light PHEV

Ferrari’s Plug-in Hybrid One-Ups the Combustion Engine

Cars That Think

MARCH 29, 2022

Which brings us to the Ferrari’s secret sauce: electricity. But even now, years before EVs can finally put ICEs out of business, automakers are finding that electricity provides performance benefits that are too good to pass up. liter V-8 generates 780 metric horsepower; another 220 hp comes from the plug-in hybrid’s electric motors.

Plug-in

Plug-in Ferrari Engine Hybrid

Center for Automotive Research calls long-run economic risk to auto industry of mandating permanent fuel economy standards very serious; recommends periodic reviews

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2011

Plug-in hybrids dominate market penetration in 2025 under CAR scenario IV (62 mpg CAFE standard). CAR did not assume any downsizing of the vehicle sales fleet or significant reduction in performance by vehicles in any segment as a means for increasing fuel economy standards by 2025. per gallon gasoline. per gallon gasoline.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Auto Industry Standards

ExxonMobil Outlook projects hybrids and advanced vehicles to account for nearly 50% of cars globally by 2040; fuel demand for for personal vehicles to peak and decline, while commercial transportation demand rises 70%

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 11, 2011

While oil will remain the most widely used fuel, overall energy demand will be reshaped by a continued shift toward less-carbon-intensive energy source as well as steep improvements in energy efficiency in areas such as transportation, where the expanded use of advanced and hybrid vehicles will help push average new-car fuel economy to 48 mpg (4.9

Personal

Personal Global Transportation Fuel

Using the PHEV (Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle) to Transition Society Seamlessly and Profitably From Fossil Fuel to 100% Renewable Energy

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2015

The PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle), a subset of the electric car, combines a primary electric motor with a much smaller back-up engine fueled with a hydrocarbon/biofuel mix. (In In this paper PHEV refers solely to the long-range PHEV of 60 miles (100 km) electric-only range.) It is much more than that.

PHEV

PHEV Plug-in Renewable Energy

NRC report finds significant number of near-term technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars

Green Car Congress

JUNE 16, 2011

Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37% at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43% at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle.

Fuel

Fuel Downsizing Fuel Economy Diesel

Promising Delphi 1st-gen Gasoline Direct Injection Compression Ignition engine meeting ultra fuel efficient program targets

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2014

GDCI engine was significantly better than advanced production spark injection gasoline engines, and comparable to very efficient hybrid vehicle engines at their best efficiency conditions (214 g/kWh). This early work established that gasoline-like fuels with high resistance to autoignition are preferred for PPCI.

Gasoline

Gasoline Engine Fuel Wisconsin

Main Page - EAA-PHEV

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

JANUARY 28, 2009

Current Hybrids are natural donor platforms because they already have most of the needed electric propulsion components, so the conversion process deals primarily with integrating larger battery packs.A What changes do we make to convert a gasoline-only hybrid to a Plug-In Hybrid? See SEVA:Electric vehicle.

PHEV

PHEV Prius Gasoline-Electric Plug-in

ICCT: 2025 target average of 70 g/km CO2 for new cars in EU feasible and economical; more so with electric drive

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 22, 2016

However, transitioning soon to electric drive could lower manufacturers’ compliance costs by as much as €500 (US$532) per vehicle in 2025. Our analysis shows that a CO 2 target of 70 g/km for 2025, on average for the entire new car fleet, can be achieved with either no or only modest levels electric vehicle penetration.

CO2

CO2 Cars 2014 Exhaust

NRC report finds Federal analysis to set LD CAFE and GHG standards generally of high quality; some technologies and issues should be re-examined

Green Car Congress

JUNE 19, 2015

In conjunction with EPA and the California Air Resources Board (ARB), NHTSA will perform a joint technical analysis as part of its rulemaking for the MY 2022-2025 standards. The U-M survey also asked vehicle owners which advanced technology they would prefer at two different gasoline price points: $2.50/gallon gallon and $5/gallon.

Standards

Standards Fuel Economy Economy EPA

NREL Study Finds That A Dynamic Plug-in Vehicle Could Be A Promising Technology Pathway for Cost-Effective Vehicle Electrification

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 14, 2010

The EHEV pathway is the dynamic, road-charged hybrid. Electric vehicle’s cost-effectiveness improved with battery replacement and opportunity charging, but it was not enough to match the conventional platforms. The gasoline, on the other hand, is a large expense, especially for the conventional vehicle. Click to enlarge.

Plug-in

Plug-in Plug Vehicles PHEV

DOT, EPA unveil joint proposal for fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards: 49.6 mpg CAFE, 163 g/mile GHG in 2025; flexibilities and incentives

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 16, 2011

Those consumers who drive their MY 2025 vehicle for its entire lifetime will save, on average, $5200 to $6600 (7 and 3 percent discount rates, respectively) in fuel savings, for a net lifetime savings of $3,000 to 4,400, assuming gasoline prices remain at essentially current levels. features in developing the standards. NHTSA and CAFE.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy EPA Economy MPG

NHTSA Modeling and Technology Projections Underlying the Proposed CAFE Target of 34.1 mpg by MY 2016

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2009

The technologies considered by the NHTSA and EPA fall under the five broad categories of engine, transmission, vehicle, electrification/accessory, and hybrid technologies. Combustion restart (CBRST): can be used in conjunction with gasoline direct-injection systems to enable idle-off or start-stop functionality.

2016

2016 MPG Fuel Economy EPA

How Carmakers Are Responding to the Plug-In Hybrid Opportunity

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

About CalCars Plug-In Hybrids FAQ How to Get a PHEV Where PHEVs are Carmakers Say. Our PRIUS+ Project Photos PHEV Resources Global Warming Take Action News and Events Contact Us How Carmakers are Responding to the Plug-In Hybrid Opportunity If you ask, "have major auto-makers come around on PHEVs?",

Plug-in

Plug-in Plug Hybrid PHEV

Ford Making Aggressive Push With EcoBoost and Technologies Such as Ti-VCT for Improved Fuel Economy; Roadmap for Future Generations of EcoBoost Highlights Role as Company Strategy as Well as Product

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 20, 2009

As part of an aggressive deployment strategy for improving fuel efficiency across its product line-up in the near-to medium-term, Ford will offer its first-generation turbocharged, gasoline direct-injection EcoBoost engines ( earlier post ) in 90% of its product lineup by 2013. Planning background. ” First-generation EcoBoost.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Ford Downsizing

EV Driven

HyBoost concept achieving close to Prius-level CO2 emissions; aggressive downsizing with advanced boosting and micro-hybrid system

CPT/AVL Study: New Generation of Micro-Hybrid Technologies Can Enable More than 25% Reduction in Fuel Consumption at Lower Cost Than Full Hybrid Drive Systems

ETH Zürich Developing Pneumatic Hybrid Engine; Approaches Hybrid-Electric Performance at Lower Cost

AVL Concept Turbohybrid Mild Hybrid System Approaches Full Hybrid Fuel Savings at Lower Cost; Improved Driveability

CALSTART survey of major auto suppliers finds 70% don’t want US to change CAFE targets; split on amount of electrification needed

Full lifecycle CO2 of new Mercedes C-Class 10% less than outgoing model

Simulation study suggests ORC waste heat recovery system could deliver potential 7% improvement in fuel consumption in a PHEV on highway

Study finds technology cost of achieving European 2020 LDV CO2 targets more than offset by resultant fuel savings

GM, Ford R&D execs stress importance of improved, advanced fuels for future engine efficiency gains, GHG goals

Optimizing a CNG-Fueled Spark Injection Engine for a Parallel Hybrid Powertrain

HyBoost Project Aiming for 30-40% CO2 Reduction Without Performance Compromise

Former Commerce and Transportation Secretary Norman Mineta urges technology neutral policies in reaching proposed CAFE standards

Toyota Aims to Reduce Fuel Cell Vehicle Cost to 1/10 of Current By Commercialization in 2015; Reduction to Another 1/10 With Scale

IEA: carbon intensity of global energy supply has barely changed in last 20 years; “window of opportunity in transport”

Researchers propose evaluating alt fuel efficiency based on energy rather than volume; impact of ethanol on vehicle efficiency and GHGs

DOE awards Envera $2.8M to develop and to test efficient variable compression ratio engine

National Research Council Study Finds That Available Technologies Can Result in Significant Fuel Savings for Passenger Vehicles Over the Next 15 Years, But at Higher Purchase Prices for Consumers

Mixed Outlook for Mainstream Consumer Adoption of PHEVs

EPAs GHG Standards for Light-Duty Vehicles; Special Credits To Encourage PHEVs, BEVs and FCVs

Ferrari’s Plug-in Hybrid One-Ups the Combustion Engine

Center for Automotive Research calls long-run economic risk to auto industry of mandating permanent fuel economy standards very serious; recommends periodic reviews

ExxonMobil Outlook projects hybrids and advanced vehicles to account for nearly 50% of cars globally by 2040; fuel demand for for personal vehicles to peak and decline, while commercial transportation demand rises 70%

Using the PHEV (Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle) to Transition Society Seamlessly and Profitably From Fossil Fuel to 100% Renewable Energy

NRC report finds significant number of near-term technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars

Promising Delphi 1st-gen Gasoline Direct Injection Compression Ignition engine meeting ultra fuel efficient program targets

Main Page - EAA-PHEV

ICCT: 2025 target average of 70 g/km CO2 for new cars in EU feasible and economical; more so with electric drive

NRC report finds Federal analysis to set LD CAFE and GHG standards generally of high quality; some technologies and issues should be re-examined

NREL Study Finds That A Dynamic Plug-in Vehicle Could Be A Promising Technology Pathway for Cost-Effective Vehicle Electrification

DOT, EPA unveil joint proposal for fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards: 49.6 mpg CAFE, 163 g/mile GHG in 2025; flexibilities and incentives

NHTSA Modeling and Technology Projections Underlying the Proposed CAFE Target of 34.1 mpg by MY 2016

How Carmakers Are Responding to the Plug-In Hybrid Opportunity

Ford Making Aggressive Push With EcoBoost and Technologies Such as Ti-VCT for Improved Fuel Economy; Roadmap for Future Generations of EcoBoost Highlights Role as Company Strategy as Well as Product

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