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Researchers at Uppsala University have developed photocatalytic composite polymer nanoparticles (“polymer dots”) that show promising performance and stability for the production of hydrogen from water and sunlight. These polymer dots are designed to be both environmentally friendly and cost-effective. Photograph: P-Cat.
Researchers at Case Western University have developed catalysts made of carbon nanotubes dipped in a polymer solution that equal the energy output and otherwise outperform platinum catalysts in fuel cells. Credit: ACS, Wang et al. Click to enlarge. A paper on their work is published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.
Top: The stress of repeated swelling and shrinking shatters a conventional silicon electrode and its polymer binding. Bottom: An electrode coated with stretchy, self-healing polymer remains intact. (C. To make the self-healing coating, the scientists deliberately weakened some of the chemical bonds within polymers. Wang et al.,
Sketch of the Sn/C/CGPE/ Li 2 S/C polymer battery. The battery is formed by a Sn/C composite anode, a PEO-based gel polymer electrolyte, and a Li 2 S/C cathode. Hassoun and Scrosati also replaced the common liquid organic solutions with a gel-type polymer membrane. PEO=poly(ethylene oxide). Credit: Hassoun and Scrosati.
Researchers at Georgia Tech have developed a promising new conversion-type cathode and electrolyte system that replaces expensive metals and traditional liquid electrolyte with lower cost transition metal fluorides and a solid polymer electrolyte. The Georgia Tech team sought to overcome those obstacles by using the solid polymer electrolyte.
By using a composite polymer electrolyte based on Li 10 GeP 2 S 12 nanoparticles embedded in a modified polyethylene oxide polymer matrix, we found that Li 2 O is the main product in a room temperature solid-state lithium-air battery. … This chemical sequence stores and releases energy on demand.
At left, a traditional approach combines Si (blue spheres) with a polymer binder (light brown) plus carbon (dark brown spheres). At right, the new conductive polymer (purple) continues to bind tightly to the Si particles despite repeated swelling and shrinking. 1 in Si after 650 cycles without any conductive additive. —Gao Liu.
Researchers at Stanford University have shown that porous polymer encapsulation of metal-supported catalysts can drive the selectivity of CO 2 conversion to hydrocarbons. The research team encapsulated a supported Ru/TiO 2 catalyst within the polymer layers of an imine-based porous organic polymer that controls its selectivity.
Then, using an electrospinning process, they fabricated microscopic fibers from the polymer and carbonized the plastic threads in a furnace. Although they don’t store as much energy as lithium-ion batteries, these supercapacitors can charge much faster—a good option for many applications.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new polymer-curing process that could reduce the cost, time and energy needed, compared with the current manufacturing process. The resulting polymer and composite parts possess similar mechanical properties to those cured conventionally. —Robertson et al.
The battery, reported in the journal Joule , is the first to operate with limited electrolytes while using an organic electrode, a change the researchers said allows it to store and discharge far more energy than earlier magnesium batteries. Dong said both organic polymer cathodes tested provided higher voltage than the Chevrel phase cathode.
A composite blend of carbon fibers and polymer resin is being developed that can store and charge more energy faster than conventional batteries can. The material combines carbon fibers and a polymer resin, creating a very advanced nanomaterial, and structural supercapacitors. Click to enlarge. Click to enlarge.
(a) Chemical structure of the PEDT:PSSH polymer blend. (b) When sandwiched between and charged by two metal plates, the membrane can store charge at 0.2 They reported on their work in a paper published earlier this summer in the Journal of Polymer Science Part B. The polymer membrane includes PSSH (poly(styrene sulfonic acid)).
The final product is either a fine micro-fibrous polymer mat that resembles white tissue paper, or polymer micro-beads with a diameter of ~ 0.5 - 5µm, with the hydride material entrained in ~50 - 200nm pores within the polymer. Many are also difficult to handle in that they degrade rapidly in air.
Using particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO), the researchers created a biocatalytic polymer material that converts methane to methanol. The enzymes retain up to 100% activity in the polymer construct. Remarkably, the enzymes retain up to 100 percent activity in the polymer. a) Schematic of PEG-pMMO hydrogel fabrication.
Grzegorz Milczarek from Poznan University of Technology (Poland), and Olle Inganäs from Linköping University (Sweden), have combined lignin derivatives, which are electronic insulators, with polypyrole, a conductive polymer, into an interpenetrating composite suitable for use as a battery cathode. —Milczarek and Inganäs. 1215159.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have identified the origin of the nonlinear dielectric response and high energy density of polyvinylidene-fluoride-based (PVDF) polymers enabling capacitors to store and release large amounts of energy quickly. —Vivek Ranjan. Resources. Buongiorno Nardelli and J. 108.087802.
The composite polymer-ceramic solid-state electrolyte enables a four-electron redox process in the lithium-air battery. A paper on their work is published in the journal Science. The four-electron reaction is enabled by a mixed ion–electron-conducting discharge product and its interface with air.
Mats Johansson at Sweden’s KTH Royal Institute of Technology says the work is about improving the mechanical properties of batteries so that it not only stores energy but is part of the design. For example, he suggests, the hood of the car could be part of the battery. In this €3.4-million million (US$4.7-million) Earlier post.).
Researchers from Imperial College London and their European partners, including Volvo Car Corporation, are developing a prototype multifunctional structural composite material composed of carbon fibers and a polymer resin which can store and discharge electrical energy and which is also strong and lightweight enough to be used for car parts.
The carbon fiber acts as a host for the lithium and thus stores the energy. In addition to being stiff and strong, they also have a good ability to store electrical energy chemically. The structural battery uses carbon fiber as a negative electrode, and a lithium iron phosphate-coated aluminum foil as the positive electrode.
Upon completion of the project, Kinder Morgan’s Harvey, Louisiana facility will serve as the primary hub where Neste will store a variety of raw materials including, for example, the used cooking oil it collects from more than 40,000 restaurants across the United States. million cars zero emission according to the US EPA’s GHG calculator.
The novel polymer-ceramic composite monolith membrane has been demonstrated to be stable to E10 gasoline, and typically provides 20% yield of ?100 Under the pervaporation process, high octane aromatics and ethanol are preferentially absorbed by the membrane polymer. liter engine.
The new polymer binder allows a doubling in capacity compared to a conventional lithium-sulfur battery, even after more than 100 charge cycles at high current densities. Without this information, rational design principles for polymer binders remain obscure. Click to enlarge. —Li et al. The new binder goes a step further.
Opportunities exist for the chemist to bring together oxide and polymer or graphene chemistry in imaginative morphologies. ”.a Opportunities exist for the chemist to bring together oxide and polymer or graphene chemistry in imaginative morphologies. ”.a A first step will be plug-in hybrids [PHEVs] used for daily commuting.
Our solution not only addresses the storage challenge, but efficiently and safely stores compressed hydrogen or CNG fuel onboard a vehicle without impacting passenger or cargo space. It features a tank with a polymer liner, woven reinforcement and protective outer shell. —Chris Kondogiani, principal, Noble Gas Systems.
Hoeller Electrolyzer, based in Wismar, Germany, is an early-stage technology company that is developing highly efficient polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) stacks, under the brand name Prometheus, for the cost-effective production of hydrogen. Rolls-Royce’s first mtu electrolyzer will go into demonstrator operation in 2023.
Cella Energy’s invention uses nanotechnology to store hydrogen safely in tiny micro-beads (smaller than a grain of sand) which then release hydrogen when heated. Storing hydrogen in this way means that it can be safely transported in micro-bead form, opening the door to it being available at gasoline stations for consumers.
If successful, this could allow storage of renewable electricity through electrochemical or enzymatic fixation of carbon dioxide and subsequent storage as carbon-based energy storage molecules including hydrocarbons and non-volatile polymers at high efficiency. —Farshid Salimijazi, first author.
EnerG2 , a manufacturer of advanced carbon materials for next-generation energy storage (generally for batteries and ultracapacitors), has leveraged its polymer chemistry technologies to develop materials for adsorbed natural gas (ANG) applications.
kW (10 hp) electric motors and store the solar energy for the night in a 400 kg lithium-ion polymer battery system (25% of the weight of the plane). Each motor is mounted in a gondola beneath the wing which also contains a lithium polymer battery set and a management system controlling charge/discharge and temperature.
Two high-pressure cylinders store hydrogen at a pressure of 700 bar. The polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell provides output of 98 kW (133 hp), and the Li-ion battery pack has a capacity of 1.3 At the Challenge Bibendum this year in Berlin (18–22 May), Audi is showing its Q5 HFC (Hybrid Fuel Cell) technical study.
The SLMA consists of lithium microparticles evenly distributed in a dual-conductive polymer matrix. However, researchers have found that the contact between the ceramic electrolyte and a solid lithium anode is insufficient for storing and supplying the amount of power needed for most electronics.
Since butane can be liquified and thus can be stored and carried easily, the new technology could expand the application range of solid oxide fuel cells to portable and mobile applications such as electric cars, robots and drones. Ceramic fuel cells typically operate at above 800 ?C.
First, they mix the active materials, intended later to release the stored energy, with additives to create a paste. The new film transfer technology for dry electrode coating, on the other hand, operates without these ecologically damaging and expensive process steps: The IWS engineers mix their active material with binding polymers.
A new study by Berkeley Lab researchers at the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis ( JCAP ) shows that nearly 90% of the electrons generated by a new hybrid photocathode material designed to store solar energy in hydrogen are being stored in the target hydrogen molecules (Faradaic efficiency). Earlier post.) Earlier post.)
The highest reported solar to hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency for such a system composed of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzers powered by an InGaP/GaAs/GaInNAsSb triple-junction solar cell was 30%, tested over 48 h. Despite the high efficiency, the device’s complexity and cost makes its upscale potential impractical.
Ah, 47 kW Lithium Polymer battery pack and an optimized hybrid operating strategy. Using a higher output 35 kW electric motor and the more powerful 47 kW Lithium Polymer battery pack, the Hybrid Blue Drive powertrain maximizes electric-only driving. Key improvements for increased fuel efficiency include: Lithium polymer battery pack.
The inner layer consists of gas-impermeable polyamide polymer, while a second layer of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) gives the tank its extremely high strength; a third layer of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) provides rugged protection against damage from the outside.
Schematic of hydrogen storage composite material: high-capacity Mg NCs are encapsulated by a selectively gas-permeable polymer. Some materials under development such as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), nanoporous polymers, and other carbon-based materials, physisorb only a small amount of hydrogen at room temperature. Click to enlarge.
During their testing of the new palladium-decorated magnesium nanoblade material, they discovered that it can store and release hydrogen quickly and at low temperatures compared to similar materials. The finished material is then decorated with a metallic catalyst to trap and store hydrogen. Resources.
The preparation of novel polymers and nanocomposites directly from elemental sulfur offers an intriguing new direction in chemistry, materials science and chemical engineering to create novel materials from an alternative chemical feedstock. —Chung et al.
The lithium-ion battery, located in the front section of the car, stores up to 9.1 The engine hood and numerous add-on parts are made of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP). The maximum system output is 388 hp, with a maximum system torque of more than 900 N·m (663.81 kWh of energy. The axle load distribution is 50:50.
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