Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 4, 2014

Results from a new modeling assessment of contamination in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region (AOSR) suggest that officially reported emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in that region have been greatly underestimated. Average emissions densities from Shen et al. are represented by the dashed black line. Click to enlarge.

Oil-Sands 220

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Pollution 220

Green Car Congress

JULY 22, 2011

Summary of the current oil sands developments (mining and in-situ) and associated land use. Canada’s Environment Minister Peter Kent released an integrated monitoring plan for the oil sands region. fail in its goal of generating the data necessary to provide assurance that the oil sands are.

Oil-Sands 199

Oil-Sands Canada Oil Water 199

Green Car Congress

MARCH 21, 2014

received approval from the Alberta Energy Regulator (AER) for its 100%-owned Grand Rapids thermal oil sands project. Once a decision is made to proceed with Grand Rapids, Cenovus will be able to rely on existing infrastructure, including roads, power and camps at its Pelican Lake conventional heavy oil operation.

Oil-Sands 220

Oil-Sands Oil Production 2017 220

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 16, 2012

Syncrude will provide half the funding for Barbour’s Chair in Hydrogeological Characterization of Oil Sands Mine Closure Landforms, investing more than $1.3-million Research is vitally important to an economically and socially sustainable oil sands industry. million over the five-year research project, with another $1.3-million

Oil-Sands 231

Oil-Sands Oil Universal Insight 231

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 13, 2013

A comprehensive environmental field study to gather information on air contaminants in the Wood Buffalo region in northeast Alberta, Canada (home to major oil sands projects) will occur from 12 August to mid-September 2013. Evaluate high-resolution air quality models for use in the oil sands region.

Oil-Sands 199

Oil-Sands Canada Oil Pollution 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2012

The majority (62%) of the plantations were located on the island of Sumatra, and more than two-thirds (69%) of all industrial plantations were developed for oil palm cultivation, with the remainder mostly being Acacia plantations for paper pulp production. Earlier post.). —Dr.

Oil-Sands 314

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Climate 314

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2012

Bitumen production from the Canadian oil sands provides a point of reference that could be used to observe and better manage the land and water impacts of a rapid transition to unconventional fuels, suggests Dr. Sarah Jordaan of the Energy Technology Innovation Policy Research Group, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University.

Oil-Sands 231

Oil-Sands Water Oil Fuel 231

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 26, 2013

Transmitting oil sands production. Synthetic crude is produced by upgrading bitumen and is a blend of naphtha, distillate and gas oil range materials produced by hydrotreating the naphtha, distillate and gas oil generated in a delayed coking unit.).

Oil-Sands 225

Oil-Sands Oil Water International 225

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2010

Canadian Natural Resources (CNRL), an independent crude oil and natural gas producer, is applying a technique at its Horizon oil sands plant that uses CO 2 to change the water chemistry of the tailings, resulting in accelerated settling and greatly reduced water use. Edmonton Journal.

Oil-Sands 210

Oil-Sands Water Oil CO2 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 24, 2009

Two new lifecycle studies have found that direct greenhouse emissions from producing, transporting and refining oil-sands derived crude, while greater on average than those from conventional crudes, can also overlap the conventional crude range, depending upon a number of factors.

Oil-Sands 150

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Range 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 20, 2011

Worldwide energy consumption will grow by 53% between 2008 and 2035 with much of the increase driven by strong economic growth in the developing nations, especially China and India, according to the reference case in the newly released International Energy Outlook 2011 (IEO2011) from the US Energy Information Administration (EIA).

Oil-Sands 220

Oil-Sands Oil 2008 Oil Prices 220

Green Car Congress

APRIL 25, 2010

The US Department of Energy (DOE) is seeking comments from industry and academia on a draft report outlining domestic unconventional fossil energy resource opportunities and associated technology applications, in support of an overall strategy for the further development of these resources. Unconventional Fossil Energy”.

Oil-Sands 210

Oil-Sands Energy Coal Oil 210

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 3, 2009

A new study released by Global Forest Watch Canada finds that significant amounts of greenhouse gases are emitted through the disturbance and/or removal of biocarbon (trees, shrubs, peats), which overlay Alberta’s oil sands. The bituminous sands industry reported emissions of 28.5 The resulting annual average emissions of 8.7

Oil-Sands 191

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Gas 191

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2012

An analysis of the US refining sector, based on linear programming (LP) modeling, finds that refining plausibly high volumes of Canadian oil sands crudes in US refineries in 2025 would lead to a modest increase in refinery CO 2 emissions (ranging between 5.4% to 9.3%) from a 2010 baseline, depending upon the supply scenario.

Oil-Sands 247

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions CO2 247

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2012

The PEIS describes and evaluates the potential environmental impacts of G&G survey activities in Federal waters of the Mid- and South Atlantic Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) and adjacent State waters for three program areas (oil and gas, renewable energy, and marine minerals) during the 2012-2020 time period. Savannah, Ga.; Charleston, S.C;

Oil-Sands 210

Oil-Sands Energy Jacksonville Oil 210

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 3, 2011

Joe Oliver, Canada’s Minister of Natural Resources, and Ola Borten Moe, Norwegian Minister of Petroleum and Energy, signed a joint statement on cooperation in the energy sector. Oil and gas. Norway and Canada will hold regular meetings at both the political and official levels between their energy ministries.

Norway 199

Norway Canada Energy Oil-Sands 199

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2011

Chevron’s focus on optimizing the thermal management of the Kern River field has resulted in a steady drop in the steam:oil ratio (barrels steam water per barrel oil), resulting in improved economics of the field even with slowly declining production. Data: California DOGGR. Click to enlarge. Source: Chevron. Click to enlarge.

Chevron 244

Chevron Oil Oil-Sands Production 244

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2013

The US Department of State (DOS) has released its Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS) in response to TransCanada’s May 2012 application for the Keystone XL pipeline that would run from Canada’s oils sands in Alberta to Nebraska. The pipeline would primarily transport crude oil from the WCSB and Bakken regions.

Climate Change 250

Climate Change Oil-Sands Nebraska Climate 250

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 16, 2014

Hydraulic fracturing is a method used to improve gas and oil production from low permeability formations (shale and tight sand reservoirs). During hydraulic fracturing, large volumes of sand and water, with small volumes of chemical additives, are injected into low-permeability subsurface formations.

Oil-Sands 246

Oil-Sands Gas Pennsylvania Water 246

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2012

USGS is the only provider of publicly available estimates of undiscovered technically recoverable oil and gas resources of the world. These new estimates are for conventional oil and gas resources only. These estimates include resources beneath both onshore and offshore areas.

Oil 218

Oil Oil-Sands Gas Global 218

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 26, 2011

Comparison of the percent differential for WTW (well-to-wheel) GHGs from gasoline produced from WCSB oil sands using different production processes relative to gasoline produced from reference crudes. The proposed Project is not likely to impact the amount of crude oil produced from the oil sands. Click to enlarge.

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Oil-Sands Emissions Oil Oklahoma 253

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 28, 2012

US imports of Canadian crude oil rose to record levels during the first eight months of 2012, with Canada accounting for a growing share of total gross US imports, according to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA). Almost 99% of Canadian oil exports are sent to the US market. million barrels per day.

Canada 225

Canada Saudi Arabia Oil-Sands 2012 225

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2012

Argentina and Venezuela will form a joint venture targeting production of 100,000 barrels of extra-heavy oil per day in the Junin field area of the Orinoco Oil Belt. The US Geological Survey (USGS) characterizes extra-heavy oil as having an API gravity of less than 10°. billion project will also include a refinery. Source: EIA.

Venezuela 210

Venezuela Argentina Oil Oil-Sands 210

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2013

Northern Gateway’s West line, 36 inches in diameter, would transport an average of 525,000 barrels of oil sands crude per day to Kitimat. The provincial government has established, and maintains, strict conditions in order for British Columbia to consider the construction and operation of heavy-oil pipelines in the province.

Oil-Sands 199

Oil-Sands Oil Grant Legal 199

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 27, 2014

G&G data and information are used to identify sand and gravel resources suitable for coastal protection and restoration; site renewable energy installations; and locate oil and gas resources. — BOEM published the draft PEIS for public comment on March 30, 2012.

Mariner 199

Mariner Oil-Sands Congress Oil 199

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 9, 2012

PRELIM uses a more comprehensive range of crude oil quality and refinery configurations than used in earlier models and can quantify energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions with detail and transparency the better to inform policy analysis, the duo suggests. —Abella and Bergerson. 17 kg CO 2 eq/MJ of crude).

Oil-Sands 236

Oil-Sands Emissions Oil Hydrogen 236

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2014

In their paper, published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology , they make a number of recommendations to maximize the benefits and minimize the negative impacts of the natural gas resource. Measurements on the variation of air emission composition and magnitude by natural gas and oil plays need to be made.

Gas 218

Gas Oil-Sands Emissions Oil 218

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2010

The Government of Canada has established a Heavy Oil Working Group. Comprising countries such as Canada, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, the United States and Venezuela, the Heavy Oil Working Group will collaborate on clean energy research to reduce the impact of fossil fuel development. Minister Paradis.

Canada 170

Canada Oil Oil-Sands Cleaner 170

Green Car Congress

APRIL 28, 2011

Water is required for crude oil recovery by water flooding, enhanced oil recovery via steam injection, and steam extraction of bitumen from oil sands and during refining of crude oil to produce gasoline. BW consumption intensities of gasoline from conventional crude oil and Canadian oil sands range from 0.41

Water 199

Water Davis Oil-Sands Nebraska 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 24, 2011

To be sited at Jie Yang City, Guangdong Province, the Nanhai refinery will be operational in early 2015, with a capacity to process 400,000 barrels of heavy and extra heavy crude oil per day (400 kbd) from the Orinoco Oil Belt. Oil and Gas Journal (OGJ) pegged Venezuela’s 2011 reserves at 211 billion barrels, up from 99.4

Saudi Arabia 186

Saudi Arabia Venezuela Oil Oil-Sands 186

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 1, 2010

Venezuela state-owned PDVSA and Italy-based Eni are finalizing a planned 60:40 joint venture to produce heavy crude oil in Junin Block 5 in the Orinoco Oil Belt in Venezuela in 2014. Junin 5 is located in the Orinoco Oil Belt, specifically between Guarico and Anzoategui states. Click to enlarge.

Venezuela 186

Venezuela Oil Oil-Sands 2009 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 8, 2011

Hydraulic fracturing (“fracking”) is a process in which large volumes of water, sand and chemicals are injected at high pressures to extract oil and natural gas from underground rock formations. During the past few years, the use of hydraulic fracturing has expanded across much of the country. Earlier post.).

EPA 207

EPA Oil-Sands Water Escape 207

Green Car Congress

JULY 2, 2013

In contrast to arguments that peak conventional oil production is imminent due to physical resource scarcity, a team from Stanford University and UC Santa Cruz has examined the alternative possibility of reduced oil use due to improved efficiency and oil substitution. 2010, to above 140 $/bbl in constant 2010 dollars).

Oil 207

Oil Oil-Sands Fuel Economy Transportation 207

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 1, 2014

BP also confirmed the recently-announced Pitu oil discovery in the frontier deepwater of the Potiguar basin off Brazil’s equatorial margin, announced by Petrobras. The well, which penetrated multiple Paleogene-aged reservoir sands, was drilled to a total depth of 29,221 feet (8,907 meters). Click to enlarge. Click to enlarge.

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Angola Mexico Brazil 2013 220

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 17, 2013

The UT-led field study was a cooperative effort involving experts from the Environmental Defense Fund; Anadarko Petroleum Corporation; BG Group plc; Chevron; Encana Oil & Gas (USA) Inc.; Pioneer Natural Resources Company; SWEPI LP (Shell); Southwestern Energy; Talisman Energy USA; and XTO Energy, an ExxonMobil subsidiary.

Austin 218

Austin Gas Emissions Production 218

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 2, 2011

The US Department of Energy’s (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy (FE) has selected 11 research projects that will help find ways to extract more energy from unconventional oil and gas resources while reducing environmental risks for awards totalling $12.4 The selections include $10.3 The selections include $10.3

Oil 225

Oil Gas Oil-Sands Illinois 225

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2012

The report provides nine different Tailings Technology Deployment (TDD) Roadmaps to accelerate the implementation of oil sands tailings solutions in Alberta. After oil sands ore is excavated from the ground (surface mining operations, not in situ production), warm water is added to wash the bitumen off the. sand and clay.

Oil-Sands 199

Oil-Sands Oil Canada Water 199