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Researchers in Germany have produced a hydrocarbon-based bio-crude and non-condensable gases from the thermal degradation of free fatty acids and animal fat in the presence of water and sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 , a sodium salt of carbonic acid commonly used as a water softener). The net calorific value of bio-crude was 41.6
Sandero and Logan will also be available with a new gasoline engine, the 1.2 LPG (90 hp / 67 kW) engines reduce CO 2 emissions by up to 12% compared with gasoline power, and offer lower emissions of criteria pollutants. LPG has a range of up to 1,200 km (746 miles) with a full tank of gasoline and a full tank of LPG. Dacia 1.6L
liter engine, the HR12DDR, which aims to achieve the lowest level of fuel consumption in the world for gasoline-powered cars while delivering power output equivalent to that of a 1.5L Click to enlarge. Nissan Motor Co., unveiled a newly developed 1.2-liter engine and CO 2 emissions of 95 grams per kilometer (New European Drive Cycle).
Call it last week's most unexpected headline: the idea that a group of engineers in Britain had managed to create gasoline ("petrol") out of. Indeed, it appears to be so--if you add energy (and sodium hydroxide). Here's how it works: The process starts by blowing atmospheric air into a tower containing the sodium hydroxide, which.
All of the gasoline engines feature direct injection and dual overhead camshafts with continuously variable valve timing, which help optimize power and efficiency, as well as reduce emissions. GM is offering a choice of three power-dense engines, including two new four-cylinder units—a standard 2.5L
A new, gasoline direct-injected (GDI) Ecotec 2.0L Rotocast aluminum cylinder head with sodium-filled exhaust valves. Rotocast aluminum cylinder head with sodium-filled exhaust valves. The exhaust valves have sodium-filled stems that promote valve cooling. New Ecotec 2.0L Click to enlarge. Forged steel crankshaft.
One way is to remove the inhibitors, but this method is very expensive and would not help biofuels become cost-competitive with gasoline. Brown (2010) Paradigm for industrial strain improvement identifies sodium acetate tolerance loci in Zymomonas mobilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Steven Brown. The non-mutated strain of Z.
The process produces a toxic byproduct referred to as black liquor—a primarily liquid mixture of pulping residues (such as lignin and hemicellulose) and inorganic chemicals from the Kraft process (sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide, for example). tons of black liquor dry solids. Globally over 1.3 Earlier post.)
High energy sodium-nickel battery cell for EV application (Acronym: NINACELL). BladeBoost - A Novel Rotary Supercharger for Ultra-Efficient Downsized Gasoline Engines. TRW Conekt (lead), Tata Motors European Technical Centre, Brook Crompton. High Efficiency Transmission (HET) for Electric Vehicles. GKN Eco-Trailer.
MPa enable the system to operate with very high thermal efficiency, exceeding even those of a large coal-generated power plant and nearly twice as efficient as that of a gasoline engine (about 25%). Sienicki (2009) Investigation of alternative layouts for the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle for a sodium-cooled fast reactor.
Testing carried out at Federal-Mogul Powertrain’s Burscheid, Germany test center on state-of-the-art, highly rated turbocharged gasoline engines with direct injection has shown the effectiveness of the new materials. —Denis Christopherson, Federal-Mogul Powertrain’s Valve Seats and Guides Group Director of Research and Development.
Commonly found in aircraft valves through the years, internally cooled, or sodium-cooled valves are effective at reducing valve temperatures but a new approach was needed to be a viable option for high volume automotive engines. China’s largest independent automaker, Chery Automobile Co. Tiggo, 1.3S A3 and Riich 1.3S
Although they’re less likely to catch fire than internal combustion engine vehicles, Li-ion battery fires burn hotter, faster and longer than gasoline fires. EVs reduce carbon emissions and dependence on fossil fuels, but the lithium-ion batteries that power them suffer from an image problem.
of burned gasoline into energy to turn the wheels, electric vehicles (EVs) use 59-62% of the electrical energy from the battery to do the same. Gasoline always emits 20 lbs of toxic air pollutants per gallon, and can only be burned once. km, 49% lower than the CO2 production of a comparable gasoline car. km over their lifetime.
Eagle Picher, in partnership with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, will develop a new generation of high energy, low cost planar liquid sodium beta batteries for grid scale electrical power storage applications. Planar Na-beta Batteries for Renewable Integration and Grid Applications. DOE grant: $7,200,000). DOE grant: $1,000,000).
In the report, DOE says that it has made significant progress in: Reducing the projected cost of hydrogen production from distributed natural gas (assuming widespread deployment) from $5 to $3 per gallon gasoline equivalent (gge). The 2015 cost target was $2-$3/gge.
While studies show that 30% of newer drivers aged 18-25 plan to buy an EV next, the overwhelming majority (58%) in the US still plan to stick with gasoline. However, market competition, falling battery prices and government incentives are pushing the cost of EVs to parity with gasoline. older) drivers away from gas.
Compared to a traditional flow battery of comparable size, it can store 15 to 25 as much energy, allowing for a battery system small enough for use in an electric vehicle and energy-dense enough to provide the range and the speedy refill of a gasoline-powered vehicle.
EVs cannot achieve price parity with a gasoline vehicle until there is a breakthrough in battery technology. To substitute cobalt, several companies are experimenting with sulphur, sodium, and magnesium. In the long run, an electric scooter bought now spending 20 thousand more than a gasoline scooter, will save many times of that.
of burned gasoline into energy to turn the wheels, electric vehicles (EVs) use 59-62% of the electrical energy from the battery to do the same. Gasoline always emits 20 lbs of toxic air pollutants per gallon, and can only be burned once. km, 49% lower than the CO2 production of a comparable gasoline car. km over their lifetime.
Along with sodium-based alternatives, could soon supplant the seemingly obsolete lithium-ion battery. #2. By far electric cars are the best suited for autonomous vehicles due to the certain characteristics and advantages electric cars have over conventional gasoline cars. Improvement in charging technology. Autonomous Vehicles [Video].
The new Astra is launching with a complete line-up of eight gasoline and diesel engines ranging from 70 kW/95 hp to 132 kW/180 hp. The gasoline range comprises naturally-aspirated and turbocharged 1.4 The average fuel consumption of the four gasoline engine line-up is 6.1 Turbo gasoline engine replaces the current 1.8
Other work focuses on sodium as an earth-abundant alternative to lithium, but while it could lower cost, sodium ions also carry just a single charge. This allows storage of charge at a higher volumetric or gravimetric density, which translates to a higher stored energy density or storage capacity for a given size or weight.
The electric car features three different battery options, two different Lithium-based (LI) systems – A123Systems and Enerdel as well as a Sodium-Nickel battery Zebra (Mes-Dea). In the end, gasoline won out because it was the cheapest and delivered the most energy per unit, but it took 20 years to sort out.
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