Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2014

Ozone, the main component of smog, is a plant-damaging pollutant formed by emissions from vehicles, cooking stoves and other sources. New research shows that ozone pollution damaged millions of tons of wheat, rice, soybean and cotton crops in India in 2005. Surface ozone pollution in India damaged 6 million metric tons (6.7

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Ozone 2005 India Pollution 239

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2015

Although halogens released from long-lived anthropogenic substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), are the principal cause of the recent depletion of stratospheric ozone, recent observations show that very short-lived substances (VSLS), with lifetimes generally under six months, are also an important source of stratospheric halogens.

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Ozone Climate Industrial Industry 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

In a recent open-access paper published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , researchers from the University of York report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid account for a larger fraction of real-world vehicle emissions than previous estimates have suggested. —Cliff et al. Resources Samuel J.

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Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone 397

Green Car Congress

MARCH 11, 2013

Researchers from Rice University and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) report in a paper in the journal Atmospheric Chemistry that particularly in Northeastern cities, ozone levels dropped even beyond what was anticipated by cutting emissions of NO x from 2002 to 2006. This is good news. —Daniel Cohan, co-author.

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Ozone EPA 2002 2006 218

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2011

have developed a simulator able to predict tropospheric ozone concentrations across the whole of South and East Asia. The project was carried out in collaboration with Tsinghua University in China, The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) in India, and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in Austria.

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Ozone Asia Toyota India 199

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2010

The two combine in the atmosphere to make either nitric acid or peroxynitrous acid; the so-called branching ratio of these two chemicals is important in models of ozone production. This means less of the hydroxyl radical and nitrogen dioxide go away, leading to proportionately more ozone, mostly in polluted areas, Okumura said.

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Ozone Los Angeles Pollution California 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 22, 2010

Illustration of projected ozone changes in the South Coast region due to climate change in 2050. Areas in orange and red could see ozone concentrations elevated by 9 to 18 parts per billion. We must consider climate change and air pollution together as we plan for the future. —Dr. Click to enlarge.

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Climate Change Ozone Climate California 199

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2023

The new studies are: Improved Characterization of the Real-World Contributions and Impacts of Non-tailpipe Particulate Matter Emissions ,” led by Greg Evans, University of Toronto. The team will then synthesize this new knowledge to evaluate the feasibility of conducting future studies to assess the impacts of NTP exposure on health.

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Emissions Pollution Exhaust London 353

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2009

Through a recent modeling experiment, a team of NASA-funded researchers have found that future concentrations of carbon dioxide and ozone in the atmosphere and of nitrogen in the soil are likely to have an important but overlooked effect on the cycling of water from sky to land to waterways. Benjamin Felzer, Lehigh University.

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Ozone Water CO2 MIT 186

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2020

Dr Sara De Matteis, Associate Professor in Occupational and Environmental Medicine at Cagliari University, Italy, and member of the ERS Environmental Health Committee said: Urban air quality has improved in the last half century, but petrol and especially diesel vehicle fumes remain a serious problem.

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Pollution Clean Cleaning Italy 269

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2013

1,000 to 21,000) deaths due to changes in ozone concentrations. 900 to 11,000) ozone-related early deaths per year. 300 to 4,000) ozone-related premature mortalities per year. 2000 (90% CI: 0–4,000) early deaths from ozone, according to the study. 53,000 (90% CI: 24,000–95,000) PM 2.5 related premature deaths and ?5,000

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MIT Emissions Ozone Power 378

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2018

They found that levels of pollutants that can contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, or smog, have failed to continue a fairly steady decline as estimated by the US Environmental Protection Agency. These results show that meeting future air quality standards for ozone pollution will be more challenging than previously thought.

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Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2011

These sites will supplemented by additional instrumentation provided by NASA, EPA, Howard University, Pennsylvania State University, the University of Maryland-Baltimore County, and Millersville University in Pennsylvania. Both aircraft will measure ozone and a mixture of soot and PM. DISCOVER-AQ site.

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Ozone Maryland Pollution Baltimore 186

Baua Electric

APRIL 5, 2024

Perhaps even more importantly, the study offers some quantifiable, granular data about how much electric vehicles are impacting emission rates in the here and now, not in the foreseeable future. Not that these numbers will blow you away, mind you, but still, it’s good news.

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San Francisco Rhode Island CO2 San Jose 52

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2014

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)—commonly used in refrigerators and air conditioners—play a role in creating a hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica. We infer recent SGHG emissions and examine the impact of future emissions scenarios, with a particular focus on proposals to reduce HFC use under the Montreal Protocol.

Climate 199

Climate Ozone Climate Change MIT 199

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2016

The children lived in communities that differed in sources and levels of the outdoor pollutants PM, NO 2 , and ozone. Future research can explore in more depth the nature of these associations, in particular the question of whether they are likely to be causal.

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Pollution Ozone California Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 29, 2009

Researchers at Monash University in Victoria, Australia have found an increase in toxic compounds, a decrease in protein content and a decreased yield in plants grown under high CO 2 and drought conditions. High Ozone Decreases Yield. Dr Gleadow.

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Ozone CO2 Climate Universal 150

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 19, 2021

Up there, 10 to 50 kilometers above the Earth’s surface, ozone molecules absorb the sun’s ultraviolet light, protecting life far below. Even less is understood about the potential risks to people and the environment—could the particles deplete the ozone layer, for example, or significantly alter the weather? Not everyone agrees.

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Ozone Solar Climate Change Climate 120

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 12, 2016

of all global deaths) caused by outdoor fine particulate air pollution and an additional 215,000 deaths from exposure to ozone. —Michael Brauer, a professor at the University of British Columbia’s School of Population and Public Health. They found that in 2013 there were 2.9 million deaths (5.3% million deaths in 2013.

Pollution 150

Pollution Coal Asia India 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2017

Based on their findings in a new study, researchers from the University of Washington and the University of Minnesota suggest that modifying urban form—as a means of affecting motor vehicle usage—may be a strategy to mitigate urban air pollution. Their paper appears in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology.

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Pollution New Zealand Minnesota Ozone 231

Green Car Congress

MARCH 12, 2019

—Co-author Professor Thomas Münzel, of the Department of Cardiology of the University Medical Centre Mainz. Indeed, new evidence may lead to a further lowering of the WHO guideline in the near future. They focused particularly on PM 2.5

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Pollution Europe Cyprus Bulgaria 320

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2012

In addition to CO 2 , other compounds such as ozone (O 3 ) precursors (nitrogen oxides (NO x =NO+NO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)) and aerosols such as black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC) are emitted by ships. 1 from shipping in 2007, corresponding to 3.3% 1 of the total ship emissions in 2007.

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Climate Emissions Ozone 2007 240

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 19, 2012

Computer scientists at the University of California, San Diego have built a portable pollution sensors that transmit transmit their air quality readings to smart phones, allowing users to monitor air quality in real time. Boxes represent pollution reading locations during that window. Nikzad et al. Click to enlarge. —Nikzad et al.

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Pollution San Diego Ozone 2012 236

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2017

Traffic contributes more to NO x emissions in Europe than previously thought, according to a new study by a team at the University of Innsbruck. The majority of the emissions is caused by diesel cars. —Karl et al.

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Europe Diesel Emissions Pollution 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

Jacobson at Stanford University. degrees Fahrenheit) over the last century and is expected to warm significantly more in the future if nothing is done. 1990; Anisimov, 2007] and chemical production of ozone in already-polluted locations [Jacobson, 2008b]. For perspective, net warming in the Arctic has been at least 2.5

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Global Ozone CO2 Pollution 230

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2016

Air pollution may shorten the survival of patients with lung cancer, suggests a population-based study by a team from the University of Southern California published in the journal Thorax. Participants’ average exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), ozone (O 3 ), particulate matter of less than 10 um, and less than 2.5

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Pollution 2016 Ozone California 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 8, 2011

Wigley’s new study attempts to take a more comprehensive look at the issue by incorporating the cooling effects of sulfur particles associated with coal burning and by analyzing the complex climatic influences of methane, which affects other atmospheric gases such as ozone and water vapor. degree Fahrenheit (less than 0.1 degree Celsius).

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Coal Climate Gas Global 334

Green Car Congress

JULY 28, 2012

They considered only changes to tailpipe emissions in both scenarios; future work is planned to quantify full life-cycle emission changes for various biofuel production strategies. This is accompanied by a modest regional decrease in surface ozone (of order 1%). Numbers inset give the total North American ethanol source.

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North America America Emissions Fuel 240

Green Car Congress

APRIL 7, 2015

Results from a new study by researchers at the University of California Irvine support a growing body of scientific literature indicating that sensitive populations, including children, certain ethnic groups and people of lower socioeconomic status, are more vulnerable to the effects of high exposures to traffic-related air pollution.

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Pollution California Davis Ozone 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2012

eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. GW = global warming; Eut. Credit: ACS, Yang et al. Click to enlarge.

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Gasoline Water Emissions Minnesota 357

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2010

used a climate model to analyze the effects of a wide range of chemical species, including carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, organic carbon, black carbon, nitrate, sulfate, and ozone, from 13 sectors of the economy from 2000 to 2100. Unger et al. —Unger et al. A hat-tip to Tom!).

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Transportation Climate Change Power Powered 391

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

The global market for rocket launches may require more stringent regulation in order to prevent significant damage to Earth’s stratospheric ozone layer in the decades to come, according to a new study by researchers in California and Colorado. Darin Toohey.

Ozone 150

Ozone Los Angeles Colorado Corporation 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Researchers from the University of Minnesota have produced a spatially and temporally explicit life cycle inventory (LCI) of air pollutants from gasoline, ethanol derived from corn grain, and ethanol from corn stover for the contiguous US (the lower 48 states). Dashed lines show US average emissions. Credit: ACS, Tessum et al.

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Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution 236

Cars That Think

JULY 20, 2021

And it's already clear that the COVID-19 pandemic has sped up the arrival of the future along several dimensions. Photo-Illustration: Chad Hagen; Original Photo: Universal Images Group/Getty Images. One example where this strategy has been successfully employed is the Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer.

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Chad London Iceland Ozone 98

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2015

The ACES results are expected to play an important role in future risk reviews of diesel engines by international and US agencies. We are already seeing a transition in America’s roads with over 30% of the trucks and buses in use today meeting these new standards and the trend is growing in Europe as well.

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Exhaust Diesel Engine 2007 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2010

Researchers at the University of Colorado, Boulder and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) modeled the emissions impact had plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) replaced light duty gasoline vehicles in the Denver, Colorado area in summer 2006. Ozone concentration increases were modeled for small areas near central Denver.

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Denver Ozone PHEV Colorado 170

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2015

The Partnership aims to “ accelerate the introduction of advanced truck and bus technologies that use less fuel, have greater fuel diversity, operate more safely, are more reliable, meet future emissions standards, and are cost effective.” With the changes occurring in the industry, this should be revisited.

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MPG Miles 2009 Fuel 150