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In early 2020, UK-based independent testing firm Emissions Analytics published a study claiming that tire particulate wear emissions were 1,000 times worse than exhaust emissions ( earlier post ). As a result, distance-specific mass and number emissions can be derived, which can then be compared to equivalent tire metrics.
Exhaust particle size distributions measured by ELPI (color map) and particle concentration measured by CPC (white line) during individual engine braking conditions (speed change from 32 km/h to 0 km/h). The exhaust sample was taken from the exhaust manifold. The exhaust sample was taken from the exhaust manifold.
The cleaner engine is able to deliver ultra-low NO x by managing exhaust gas temperatures to ensure rapid catalyst light-off and by maintaining aftertreatment temperatures at optimum operating conditions in all driving conditions.
Researchers from the Center for Energy and Processes (CEP), MINES ParisTec, and Renault are exploring the non-catalytic reforming of diesel fuel with diesel engine exhaust gas (i.e. An alternative to the catalytic exhaust gas reforming of diesel fuel method is presented in this paper and consists of using an NTP torch. trap catalyst.
The results represent a light-load indicated efficiency improvement of 15-30% (up to 40.9%). The test engine for the paper was a 250cc single-cylinder unit with dual-camshaft-actuated reciprocating sleeve valves for induction and exhaust. The sleeve valves have a short heat rejection path directly to lube oil. Click to enlarge.
The application of GM’s Active Fuel Management (AFM) cylinder deactivation system is the first on Corvette; it shuts down half of the engine’s cylinders in light-load driving. This is complemented by a reversal of the intake and exhaust valve positions, as compared to the previous engine design. All-aluminum block and oil pan.
Cummins is one year into a four year program (ATLAS, Advanced Technology Light Automotive Systems) to develop, in partnership with the US Department of Energy (DOE), a new light-duty diesel truck engine that will meet Tier 2 Bin 2 (SULEV) emission requirements while achieving at least a 40% fuel economy improvement (26.1 mpg US vs. 18.6
a new 5-liter V8 diesel engine designed to power pickup-and-delivery vehicles, other light- and medium-duty trucks, school buses and motorhomes. The new ISV 5.0 Click to enlarge. Cummins Inc. introduced the ISV5.0, extends Cummins range of on-road diesel engines for North American vehicles. Like the new 5.0L
In addition to demonstrating better fuel consumption results than current advanced gasoline engines, the Omnivore engine has successfully demonstrated homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) down to extremely light loads. Wet sump with plain bearings and electric oil pump. Fuel system. Orbital FlexDI air-assist. Cooling system.
. … Chemical analysis of the emissions shows that SOA is mainly produced via photo-oxidation of aromatic VOCs, present in gasoline, from the exhaust. Finally, we present the first online measurements of aged exhaust showing that SOA formation also produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) with potentially detrimental effects on our lungs.
The new engines are designed for light- to heavy-duty distribution transport and for service in light- and medium-duty construction and long-haul transport. The engines also feature a cooled exhaust gas recirculation system. If an adjustment is required, engine oil flows into the vane piston.
on the tractor, powering the normal truck loads such as lights, wipers, blower motors, gauges, air conditioning and heating, microwaves, and other electrical components. Starship uses full synthetic Shell Heavy Duty Engine Oil; Shell Rotella DEF Diesel Exhaust Fluid and Shell ROTELLA Extended Life Coolant; and.
Piston cooling jets, located at the bottom of each cylinder, contribute to fuel economy by squirting oil on the bottom of the pistons to help maintain cylinder temperatures and reduce the possibility of hot spots along the cylinder walls or at the top of the piston that could lead to detonation. This high-performance 1.4-liter
The compressor wheel is being driven by hot exhaust gases coming out of the exhaust manifold. A wastegate opens to regulate the compressor drive power by letting excess exhaust gases escape through the exhaust pipe. Variable-flow oil pump. Piston-cooling oil jets. Oil-water cooler. Turbo Airflow.
An integrated exhaust manifold that is part of the cylinder head assembly and recovers exhaust heat for faster engine and transmission warmup, with quicker turbo response. Active Fuel Management shuts down two of the cylinders in light load conditions to further conserve fuel. Low valve lift for balance of power and efficiency.
It was reduced by an average of 16% across the entire speed range, using new technologies such as a variable-displacement oil pump and an actively controlled thermostat. The 2.5L’s balance shafts— which are commonly used in four-cylinder engines to reduce vibration—are located in a cassette in the oil pan. Chain drive.
To further enhance combustion, the intake and exhaust valve positions have been switched from previous versions, and the valves are now slightly canted toward the cylinder centerline. The blocks were developed with math-based tools and data acquired in GM’s racing programs, providing a light, rigid foundation for a smooth and strong engine.
for XSE grade, which uses a dual-outlet exhaust). Most AWD grades have 202 hp, while the Camry XSE AWD grade has 205 hp with dual exhaust. A variable cooling system, variable oil pump and a cooled exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system all contribute to the engine’s high thermal efficiency and outstanding fuel economy.
A team from the University of Vaasa (Finland) and UPM-Kymmene Corporation has examined how the blends of fossil and renewable diesel produced from crude tall oil (CTO) affect the performance and exhaust emissions of the modern common-rail off-road diesel engine. UPM BioVerno renewable diesel is produced from wood-based tall oil.
Renault has further improved the fuel economy of its diesel-powered light commercial van Kangoo and Kangoo Express with the ENERGY dCi 71 and 90 models. liter engine also features low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), DLC-coated (Diamond Like Carbon) cam followers, and ANI fuel injection nozzles (with individualized spray cone angle).
In the study, the team examined the relationships between biodiesel fuel blend, exhaust particle oxidative potential (OP), and PM composition. OP in oxidized aerosols, including engine exhaust, is commonly quantified using the DTT (dithiothreitol) assay. PM-normalized DTT Activity for biodiesel exhaust PM. —Holmén et al.
Around 14 liters of coolant circulate from top to bottom through the entire battery past each cell with the help of a specially developed high-performance electric pump, also flowing through an oil/water heat exchanger attached directly to the battery. four-cylinder engine and electric exhaust-gas turbocharger. E PERFORMANCE with 2.0L
The backhoe loader is perfectly suited for electrification as the varied use cycles, from heavy to light work, provide an excellent opportunity to convert wasted diesel engine hours into zero consumption battery time—yet provide the operator with instantaneous torque response when needed.
In essence, it provides a supercharger, driven by the electric motor, as an adjunct to the exhaust-driven turbocharger. The ECT effectively eliminates turbo lag because the electric motor provides much faster turbine response, and also provides boost when there is low energy from the exhaust flow.
Exhaust cooling starts with the computer-optimized exhaust valve shape and is further enhanced by the integrated exhaust manifold and cylinder head design that uses the same water jacket to lower exhaust gas temperature entering the turbochargers to further improve reliability and performance.
It is mounted close to the exhaust outlet of the engine for quicker spool-up of the turbine and faster light-off of the exhaust catalyst. Piston oil jets that help reduce friction and optimize piston temperature for greater performance and efficiency. Turbocharger bearings are oil-lubricated and cooled via an oil cooler.
Our week of driving the Cruze Diesel bore that out; realized city fuel consumption, especially on a daily low-speed route of queuing at intersections, stop signs, stop lights, and chugging up hills (all with air-conditioning on), fell well short of the EPA estimate for the Cruze diesel. At idle in cabin. At idle, outside front fender.
This project will optimize fuel-based control of novel combustion strategies in light- and heavy-duty vehicles to enable diesel-like efficiencies with ultra-low engine-out emissions. Light-weighting materials. Demo Project for Multi-material light-weight prototype vehicle. Wisconsin Engine Research Consultants LLC. 1,497,531.
liter I-4 uses two camshafts: one to open the intake valves and one to open the exhaust valves. Ti-VCT takes this technology and applies it to both the intake and exhaust camshafts of its DOHC design, using electronic solenoid valves to direct high-pressure oil to control vanes in each of the camshaft sprocket housings.
million liters of vehicle exhaust gas catalyst in the first half of 2019—a decrease of 13% year-over-year on weak passenger vehicle production. Rare earth consumption by oil refining industry up just 2% on back of slowing vehicle sales and ongoing electrification of transportation.
South African state-owned oil company PetroSA is in talks with Mozambique to develop a 40,000 barrels-per-day gas-to-liquids (GTL) plant there. These fuels have significantly better exhaust emission properties than their conventionally produced equivalents, and have outstanding cold flow properties.
Increased efficiency in the new four-cylinders was achieved partly through lower engine friction, which was reduced by up to 16% using new technologies such as a variable-displacement oil pump and, with the 2.5L, an actively controlled thermostat. Even the oil volume is optimized for minimal weight. Air-to-air intercooling system.
—Michael Ruth, Director/Technical Project Leader, Advanced Light-Duty. liter engine with an aluminum block, head and oil pan, a magnesium valve cover and an engine-mounted emissions control system. The overhead camshaft is driven by belt-in-oil technology. Cummins Inc. The Cummins team chose a 4-cylinder ISF 2.8
Combined with a cooled Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) system, the adoption of the Atkinson Cycle offers significant gains in fuel efficiency and the reduction of emissions. This creates a high expansion ratio for less compression, reducing intake and exhaust energy losses and converting combustion energy to engine power more effectively.
Thanks to its housing design which maintains proper separation between streams of exhaust gasses, the turbocharger builds up pressure much faster than previous-generation turbochargers, thus eliminating even the slightest tendency for lag. The 335i Coupe and Convertible dual exhaust system runs at both sides of the vehicle.
It is a dual-equal cam phasing system that adjusts camshaft timing at the same rate for both intake and exhaust valves. It also provides another effective tool for controlling exhaust emissions. The vane phaser is actuated by hydraulic pressure and flow from engine oil, and managed by a solenoid that controls oil flow to the phaser.
The next step was the creation of the P66/3 race engine, including a twin-turbo version, adjustments to the specific requirements of the Dallara chassis, final exhaust system, oil tank, cabling and integration of the high-voltage environment. Oil system. Dry sump system with six-cell oil drain pump and oil tank.
We then multiplied the sources of electrical energy for power units by adding solar panels and installing an exhaust gas heat energy recovery system based on the Rankine cycle. Renault Trucks has developed a system to recover the waste heat contained in exhaust gases. and distributes it in real time. Waste heat recovery. Driver aids.
The remaining two-thirds are lost as waste heat going into the environment through the car’s exhaust emissions and through the radiator. Use of the thermal energy contained in the car’s exhaust gas also offers major saving and comfort potentials.
Since then, this engine has been heavily revised to accommodate increasing demand for improvements in exhaust emissions and acoustics. The pistons incorporate annular channels into which oil is sprayed for cooling the piston-ring zone. A pair of counter-rotating balancer shafts is situated below the crankshaft in the oil pan.
The new V8 borrows technology from BMW Motorsport, and features a new exhaust manifold, external oil cooling, and further developed turbocharging. The 760i xDrive combines the power of the 4.4-liter liter TwinPower Turbo V8 with BMW xDrive intelligent all-wheel drive.
Steffen Hoppe, Powertrain’s Director Technology Rings & Liners, Tenneco Tenneco’s new H2 ICE test facilities provide a broad bandwidth of high-accuracy engine measurement capabilities, including: Light and heavy-duty engine testing up to 700kW Eddy current and AC dyno ECU connectivity, calibration and tuning: dynamic engine operation; driving cycles (..)
The engine has been manufactured to be light on weight and low on friction, delivering high performance and fuel economy. The engine is refined with tuned intake and exhaust system for improved combustion noise that is further reduced with silent-steel oil pan and lower auxiliary system noise.
The Wärtsilä 34DF engine can be run on natural gas, light fuel oil (LFO), or heavy fuel oil (HFO). The Wärtsilä 34DF engine is fully compliant with the IMO Tier II exhaust emissions regulations set out in Annex VI of the MARPOL 73/78 convention. The engine speed is 720 or 750 rpm for use with 50 or 60 Hz applications.
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