Emissions, Exhaust, Gasoline and Resource

UC Riverside study finds emissions benefits for E15 blend in California

Green Car Congress

JUNE 12, 2023

A study by a team from UC Riverside has assessed the potential of increasing ethanol content in California reformulated gasoline (CaRFG) by investigating the exhaust emissions from a fleet of 20 Tier 3 light-duty vehicles. Acetaldehyde and ethanol emissions responded strongly with ethanol across the fleet of 20 vehicles.

California

California Emissions Montana Gasoline

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

In a recent open-access paper published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , researchers from the University of York report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid account for a larger fraction of real-world vehicle emissions than previous estimates have suggested. Cliff et al. —Cliff et al.

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

Environment Canada/MECA team assesses black carbon emissions in GDI engine exhaust; evaluation of prototype gasoline particulate filter

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2014

BC mass emissions for all four GDI and PFI vehicles over the three different driving patterns. This may result in the need for new emissions control strategies—such as a gasoline particulate filter (GPF)—to enable compliance with California LEV III and US EPA Tier 3 particulate emissions standards.

Environment

Environment Exhaust Gasoline Canada

Study finds catalyzed gasoline particulate filters effective at reducing particulate and PAH emissions from GDI engines

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2018

The researchers assessed the gaseous, particulate, and genotoxic pollutants from two current technology gasoline direct injection vehicles when tested in their original configuration and with a catalyzed gasoline particulate filter (GPF). Their study is publishedin the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. Yang et al.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel Economy

UC Berkeley study quantifies LD gasoline on-road emissions

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 27, 2013

Based on on-road measurements in their study, a team from the University of California Berkeley has estimated that, as of 2010, light-duty (LD) gasoline vehicles were responsible for 85% of CO; 18% of NO x ; 18% of organic aerosol (OA); and 6% of black carbon (BC) emissions from on-road motor vehicles in the United States.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Diesel San Francisco

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

Regulatory regimes seeking to reduce emissions from transport have largely focused on tailpipe emissions—i.e., the criteria pollutants and CO 2 that emerge with the exhaust from the tailpipe. Non-exhaust PM factors include tire wear, brake wear, road surface wear and resuspension of road dust. earlier post ). Background.

Exhaust

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric

Chalmers study: ban on sales of fossil-fuel cars greatly reduces lifecycle GHG mainly due to tailpipe emissions; risk of carbon leakage in manufacturing

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2021

If a ban were introduced on the sale of new gasoline and diesel cars, and they were replaced by electric cars, the result would be a significant reduction in lifecycle carbon dioxide emissions primarily due to reduced tailpipe CO 2 emissions, according to a new lifecycle study by researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.

Emissions

Emissions Carbon Manufacturer Sale

Birmingham study finds butanol-gasoline blend reduces GDI engine-out carbonaceous emissions; similar NOx

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 3, 2017

A team at the University of Birmingham reports that a blend of 33% v/v of butanol in EN228 commercial gasoline containing 5% of ethanol (B33) reduces GDI (gasoline direct injection) engine-out carbonaceous emissions, while maintaining similar levels of NO x emissions when compared to standard gasoline combustion at low and medium engine loads.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Engine B0

Study finds gasoline exhaust contributes more to formation of secondary organic aerosols than diesel

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2012

Contrary to expectations, exhaust from gasoline vehicles contributes more to the production of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) than exhaust from diesel vehicles, according to a new study by scientists from the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), NOAA’s Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL) and other colleagues.

Exhaust

Exhaust Gasoline Diesel Los Angeles

NREL study probes emissions impact of butanol-gasoline blends in light-duty vehicles

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2013

Summary of significant emissions results from the fuel testing. Given equivalent deployment of butanols and ethanol, the results suggest emissions of unburned alcohols would decrease, but carbonyl emissions would increase; some of these compounds have poorly understood health effects, they note. Credit: ACS, Ratcliff et al.

Gasoline

Gasoline Alcohol Blend Light Emissions

Study finds ethanol blending appears to reduce significantly genotoxic emissions from gasoline direct injection vehicles

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 24, 2016

A research team from Empa (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology) and the University of Applied Sciences Bern, Laboratory for Exhaust Emission Control, reports that ethanol blending appeared to reduce genotoxic emissions from a flex-fuel Euro-5 gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicle (a Volvo V60 with a 1.6

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Exhaust Vehicles

Study finds total PM10 emissions from EVs equal to those of modern ICEVs; role of weight and non-exhaust PM

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2016

A new study by a team from the University of Edinburgh and independent engineering company INNAS BV has found that, when factoring in the additional weight and non-exhaust PM factors, total PM 10 emissions from electric vehicles (EVs) are equal to those of modern internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs). Click to enlarge.

Exhaust

Exhaust Emissions Gasoline-Electric 2016

Study finds engines emit exhaust nanoparticles even when not fueled during engine braking

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2014

Exhaust particle size distributions measured by ELPI (color map) and particle concentration measured by CPC (white line) during individual engine braking conditions (speed change from 32 km/h to 0 km/h). The exhaust sample was taken from the exhaust manifold. The exhaust sample was taken from the exhaust manifold.

Exhaust

Exhaust Engine Fuel Greece

Tenneco developing new gasoline particulate filter (GPF) technology ahead of Euro 6c emissions regulation

Green Car Congress

MARCH 31, 2015

Tenneco is leveraging its expertise in diesel particulate filter (DPF) technology to develop gasoline particulate filters for 2017 model year light vehicles. Gasoline particulate filters effectively control particulate emissions under all operating conditions.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Czech Republic Exhaust

Study quantifies impact of fuel composition on PM emissions from gasoline direct injection engines

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 14, 2015

Researchers from Tsinghua University and Peking University have investigated the effects of fuel properties on particulate emissions gasoline direct injection engines (GDI). The study results, reported in the journal Fuel , demonstrated that the fuel composition has a significant on particulate emissions from GDI engines.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel

SwRI D-EGR gasoline demo vehicle delivers diesel efficiency at lower cost; potential for LEV III/Tier 3 emissions

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2014

Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) announced preliminary test results of its Dedicated-Exhaust Gas Recirculation (D-EGR) demonstration vehicle ( earlier post ) at the SAE 2014 World Congress in Detroit. liter gasoline direct injection engine. Terry Alger, assistant director in SwRI’s Engine, Emissions and Vehicle Research Division.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Diesel Exhaust

Swiss team finds particle emissions from aircraft turbine engines at ground-idle induce oxidative stress in bronchial cells

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2019

In a study on the effect of exhaust particles from aircraft turbine engines on human lung cells, Swiss researchers have found that cells reacted most strongly to particles emitted during ground idling. The study also showed that the cytotoxic effect is only to some extent comparable to that of particles from gasoline and diesel engines.

Engine

Engine Emissions Switzerland Gasoline

Mazda announces SKYACTIV-X: gasoline Spark Controlled Compression Ignition

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 8, 2017

As part of the new technology to achieve this vision, the company disclosed plans to introduce a next-generation gasoline engine called SKYACTIV-X in 2019. This new proprietary combustion engine combines the advantages of gasoline and diesel engines to optimize environmental performance, power and acceleration performance.

Mazda

Mazda Gasoline Fuel Economy Gasoline-Electric

Environment Canada study finds vehicle exhaust a significant source of isocyanic acid; suggests consideration of new emission standard

Green Car Congress

JULY 12, 2013

Researchers at Environment Canada have found that vehicle exhaust is a significant source of isocyanic acid (HNCO), a toxic gaseous acid that is a product of various forms of combustion and a potential health concern. mg kg fuel –1 and were significantly higher than previous biomass burning emission estimates. —Wentzell et al.

Exhaust

Exhaust Canada Environment Emissions

CARB releases results of multi-year E15 study; multiple air quality benefits with slight reduction in fuel economy

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2022

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has released the results of a multiyear study evaluating exhaust emissions from the use of California Reformulated Gasoline (CaRFG) that contains 15 volume percent ethanol (E15). California currently limits the ethanol content of gasoline to 10 percent.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Ozone

Korean team develops 2L-class direct-injection hydrogen-fueled engine

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 8, 2023

At the same time, the high compression ratio, fuel stratification, and ultra-lean combustion help to maximize thermal efficiency and improve power performance, while at the same time reducing the amount of harmful emissions. 2022.04.274

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Engine Fuel Carbon

FEV working on water injection system using exhaust condensate; fuel consumption improvements up to 16% possible

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 26, 2015

FEV is developing a water injection system for internal combustion engines using condensate from exhaust gases, the “Extended Direct Condensate Injection” system. in the region of the minimum specific fuel consumption on a stoichiometric combustion concept with Miller cycle and cooled external exhaust gas recirculation. Earlier post.).

Exhaust

Exhaust Water Fuel BMW

NRC Canada team investigates effect of gasoline particulate filter on PM from light-duty GDI engine

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 17, 2015

A team led by researchers from the National Research Council Canada has investigated the effect of the use of a gasoline particulate filter on the size and morphology of PM emitted from a light-duty gasoline-direct-injection (GDI) vehicle over the FTP-75 and US06 transient drive cycles. Earlier post.) —Saffaripour et al.

Gasoline

Gasoline Canada Light Engine

Emissions study suggests E10 + renewable hydrocarbons a high bioenergy alternative for conventional cars

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2014

drop-in biohydrocarbons) could offer an option to achieve a high-bioenergy-content gasoline that is compatible with conventional gasoline-fueled cars (i.e., those limited to a 10% ethanol blend) without a significant change in emissions. Neste Oil provided the renewable gasoline component. The batch used was a C 5 ?C

Emissions

Emissions Renewable Gasoline Cars

Cummins progressing with lightweight downsized T2B2 diesel for pickup; 40% improvement in fuel economy over gasoline V8

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2014

Cost of the new engine relative to gasoline baseline. So far, Ruth noted, the new engine has achieved target engine-out emissions (EOE), performance and fuel economy; aftertreatment catalyst performance has met or exceeded the targeted conversion rates, enabling an increased allowance on engine out HC. Earlier post.). Source: Cummins.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Gasoline Downsizing

PSA to commercialize SwRI-developed Dedicated-EGR technology in high-efficiency gasoline engines by 2018

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 4, 2013

During its recent Innovation Day presentations ( earlier post ), PSA Peugeot Citroën announced that it will commercialize high-efficiency gasoline engines featuring dedicated exhaust gas recirculation (D-EGR), derived from a collaborative program with SwRI in the US. Click to enlarge. PSA has filed for two patents on its work.

Gasoline

Gasoline 2018 Engine Commercial

Ford, GM and AVL researchers argue match-blending a flawed approach to evaluate ethanol-gasoline blends

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 6, 2014

In a newly published SAE paper, a team from Ford, General Motors and AVL argues that the exclusive use of a match blending approach to prepare ethanol-gasoline blends for regulatory emissions testing “has fundamental flaws”. These parameters are commonly “matched” in studies intended to evaluate fuel composition effects on emissions.

Gasoline

Gasoline GM Ford Emissions

KAUST team develops computational model for simulating soot production in gasoline direct injection engines

Green Car Congress

MAY 30, 2017

Researchers at KAUST have developed a computational model capable of simulating soot production inside gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines. Particulate matter emissions are presently a concern in gasoline fueled direct-injection spark-ignition (DISI) engines. —Park et al.

Gasoline

Gasoline Engine Production Fuel

Researchers propose low-temperature SOFC unit for reducing NOx and oxidizing HCs in lean-burn engine exhaust

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 9, 2012

Concept of the SOFC emissions control system. A team from National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan, reports that a low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) emissions control system for lean-burn engines can simultaneously reduce the high concentrations of NO x and oxidize hydrocarbon (HC) emissions. Credit: ACS, Huang et al.

Exhaust

Exhaust Engine Emissions Gas-Electric

Study of emissions from CNG- and gasoline-fueled autorickshaws suggests measurements and data, not assumptions, should drive policy

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 20, 2011

Fuel-based particulate matter emission factors (A: PM 2.5 emission factor (mean (95% confidence interval)) for CNG-2S (14.2 Of the four-stroke vehicles, a subset also has functioning backup gasoline fuel systems.) This study measured a comprehensive set of emissions relevant to AQ [air quality] (PM 2.5 Click to enlarge.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Fuel India

U Toronto study measures GDI emissions in urban near-road environment

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2016

A study of emissions from gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicles in an urban near-road environment in Toronto over a wide range of weather conditions (February 2014 to January 2015) found that—other than for NO x and CO—the GDI engines had elevated emissions compared to the Toronto fleet. m from the roadway.

Environment

Environment Emissions Exhaust 2014

CMU study finds SOA levels in cities like LA will remain high despite cleaner cars; nonlinear relationship between SOA and NOx

Green Car Congress

JUNE 22, 2017

The findings of a study by researchers at Carnegie Mellon University, with colleagues at UC Berkeley, suggest that changing atmospheric NO x levels over the next two decades will likely significantly reduce the effectiveness of stricter new gasoline vehicle emissions standards in reducing concentrations of secondary organic aerosol (SOA).

Cleaner

Cleaner Los Angeles Exhaust Gasoline

Bosch study highlights potential of e-fuels to reduce CO2 emissions

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2017

gigatons of CO 2 : three times Germany’s carbon-dioxide emissions in 2016. If the climate targets set by the Paris conference are to be achieved, CO 2 emissions from traffic worldwide will have to be reduced 50% over the next four decades, and by at least 85% in the advanced economies, Bosch notes. Bottom: Fuel pathways. Source: Bosch.

Emissions

Emissions Fuel CO2 Gasoline-Electric

Cummins & Tula demonstrate Diesel Dynamic Skip Fire (dDSF) cylinder deactivation; up to 66% reduction in NOx on CARB LLC #7

Green Car Congress

APRIL 23, 2020

By using dDSF software to control cylinder deactivation in a diesel engine, Cummins and Tula demonstrated significant reductions in emissions and fuel consumption. Like DSF for gasoline engines, dDSF uses individual cylinder deactivation control strategies to meet torque demand at optimal fuel and aftertreatment efficiency.

Diesel

Diesel Emissions Exhaust Engine

Study finds E20 offers higher peak load capacity and thermal efficiency than gasoline in RCCI combustion

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 8, 2016

Among their findings was that E20 offers higher peak load capability and thermal efficiency than gasoline. RCCI provides more control over the combustion process and has been shown to have the potential to lower fuel use and emissions significantly. Peak load and efficiency were not affected by the use of B20.

Gasoline

Gasoline Wisconsin Exhaust Emissions

CMU study finds secondary organic aerosol production from PFI and GDI vehicles has been “substantially” reduced by tightening NMOG standards

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2018

Now, in a new study published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology , researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have found that secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production from both port fuel injection (PFI) and gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicles has been substantially reduced through the tightening of NMOG emissions.

Standards

Standards Production Exhaust Gasoline

Neste files patent on gasoline fuels with high bioenergy content

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2015

Neste, currently largest producer of renewable drop-in fuels (primarily diesel) with its NEXBTL platform ( earlier post ), has filed a patent ( US20150144087 ) on a gasoline composition (and the method for making it) comprising up to 20 vol% (preferably from about 10-15 vol.%), of paraffinic bio-hydrocarbons originating from the NEXBTL process.

Gasoline

Gasoline Fuel Renewable Emissions

Reduction in diesel carbonyl emissions using F-T fuel from coal

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2014

Other research has shown that carbonyls directly influence physiological response to diesel exhaust particles and can also contribute to secondary organic aerosol formation. In the Tianjin study, they team fueled a four-cylinder light-duty diesel engine fueled with CFT and DF, identifying 13 individual carbonyl compounds in the exhaust.

Coal

Coal Diesel Emissions Fuel

UC Riverside team examines influence of mid-and high-level ethanol blends on pollution from GDI flex fuel vehicle

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 2, 2019

Regulated emissions for all test fuels over the cold-start and hot-start LA92 cycles. The emissions of CO 2 for the high-aromatics E10 were higher than the Tier 3 E10, E30, and E78 blends. Their paper is published in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. The study found that higher ethanol blends—i.e., —Yang et al. 8b02206.

Pollution

Pollution Fuel Vehicles Emissions

Tsinghua Study Finds That Conventional Three-Way Catalyst Can Handle the Unregulated Emissions from Low-Content Methanol-Gasoline Blends

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2009

At the tailpipe, the TWC ultimately reduced the regulated and unregulated emissions from the methanol-gasoline engine to the same levels as those generated by a conventional gasoline engine. Unburned methanol and formaldehyde emissions from methanol engines are harmful to the environment as well as to human health.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Alternative Fuels Engine

KAIST/Hyundai team explores effects of water direct injection on gasoline engine under high load

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 3, 2015

Researchers from the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) and the Advanced Gasoline Engine Development Team at Hyundai Motor Company report on the effects of water direct injection on a gasoline engine under high-load conditions in a paper in the International Journal of Engine Research. The test engine was a 1.6-L

Water

Water Gasoline Hyundai Engine

International automotive researchers emphasize the importance of continued development of the internal combustion engine

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 9, 2019

It is very likely that highly efficient “fully flexible” engines with hybridized solutions will be a big part of sought-after efficiency improvements, as well as emission/GHG reductions. mg/km of particulates), reaching values around 10 times the emission from the engine (5?mg/km). —Reitz et al. g/bhp-h or 15–20?mg/km).

International

International Engine Exhaust Emissions

Small-displacement two-stroke H2 engine could address performance and emissions cost-effectively for recreational market; potential for Asian motor vehicle fleet

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 26, 2012

Comparison of brake thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption at rated power (ICOMIA Mode 5), hydrogen vs. gasoline engines. This is due to raw, externally premixed fresh charge comprising air, fuel and lube oil being short-circuited into the exhaust during the scavenging process. Oh and Plante. Click to enlarge. Oh and Plante.

Engine

Engine Emissions Fleet Market

Using Hydrogen Injection to Improve Idle Combustion and Emissions Performance at Lean Conditions of Gasoline Engines

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2009

Gasoline and hydrogen rails and injectors installed on the intake manifolds. Spark-ignited engines suffer high specific fuel consumption, emissions, and cyclic variation at idle and lean conditions. The hydrogen and gasoline flow rates were governed by a hybrid electronic control unit (HECU). Credit: ACS. Click to enlarge.

Gasoline

Gasoline Hydrogen Emissions Engine

UC Riverside study finds emissions benefits for E15 blend in California

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Environment Canada/MECA team assesses black carbon emissions in GDI engine exhaust; evaluation of prototype gasoline particulate filter

Study finds catalyzed gasoline particulate filters effective at reducing particulate and PAH emissions from GDI engines

UC Berkeley study quantifies LD gasoline on-road emissions

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Chalmers study: ban on sales of fossil-fuel cars greatly reduces lifecycle GHG mainly due to tailpipe emissions; risk of carbon leakage in manufacturing

Birmingham study finds butanol-gasoline blend reduces GDI engine-out carbonaceous emissions; similar NOx

Study finds gasoline exhaust contributes more to formation of secondary organic aerosols than diesel

NREL study probes emissions impact of butanol-gasoline blends in light-duty vehicles

Study finds ethanol blending appears to reduce significantly genotoxic emissions from gasoline direct injection vehicles

Study finds total PM10 emissions from EVs equal to those of modern ICEVs; role of weight and non-exhaust PM

Study finds engines emit exhaust nanoparticles even when not fueled during engine braking

Tenneco developing new gasoline particulate filter (GPF) technology ahead of Euro 6c emissions regulation

Study quantifies impact of fuel composition on PM emissions from gasoline direct injection engines

SwRI D-EGR gasoline demo vehicle delivers diesel efficiency at lower cost; potential for LEV III/Tier 3 emissions

Swiss team finds particle emissions from aircraft turbine engines at ground-idle induce oxidative stress in bronchial cells

Mazda announces SKYACTIV-X: gasoline Spark Controlled Compression Ignition

Environment Canada study finds vehicle exhaust a significant source of isocyanic acid; suggests consideration of new emission standard

CARB releases results of multi-year E15 study; multiple air quality benefits with slight reduction in fuel economy

Korean team develops 2L-class direct-injection hydrogen-fueled engine

FEV working on water injection system using exhaust condensate; fuel consumption improvements up to 16% possible

NRC Canada team investigates effect of gasoline particulate filter on PM from light-duty GDI engine

Emissions study suggests E10 + renewable hydrocarbons a high bioenergy alternative for conventional cars

Cummins progressing with lightweight downsized T2B2 diesel for pickup; 40% improvement in fuel economy over gasoline V8

PSA to commercialize SwRI-developed Dedicated-EGR technology in high-efficiency gasoline engines by 2018

Ford, GM and AVL researchers argue match-blending a flawed approach to evaluate ethanol-gasoline blends

KAUST team develops computational model for simulating soot production in gasoline direct injection engines

Researchers propose low-temperature SOFC unit for reducing NOx and oxidizing HCs in lean-burn engine exhaust

Study of emissions from CNG- and gasoline-fueled autorickshaws suggests measurements and data, not assumptions, should drive policy

U Toronto study measures GDI emissions in urban near-road environment

CMU study finds SOA levels in cities like LA will remain high despite cleaner cars; nonlinear relationship between SOA and NOx

Bosch study highlights potential of e-fuels to reduce CO2 emissions

Cummins & Tula demonstrate Diesel Dynamic Skip Fire (dDSF) cylinder deactivation; up to 66% reduction in NOx on CARB LLC #7

Study finds E20 offers higher peak load capacity and thermal efficiency than gasoline in RCCI combustion

CMU study finds secondary organic aerosol production from PFI and GDI vehicles has been “substantially” reduced by tightening NMOG standards

Neste files patent on gasoline fuels with high bioenergy content

Reduction in diesel carbonyl emissions using F-T fuel from coal

UC Riverside team examines influence of mid-and high-level ethanol blends on pollution from GDI flex fuel vehicle

Tsinghua Study Finds That Conventional Three-Way Catalyst Can Handle the Unregulated Emissions from Low-Content Methanol-Gasoline Blends

KAIST/Hyundai team explores effects of water direct injection on gasoline engine under high load

International automotive researchers emphasize the importance of continued development of the internal combustion engine

Small-displacement two-stroke H2 engine could address performance and emissions cost-effectively for recreational market; potential for Asian motor vehicle fleet

Using Hydrogen Injection to Improve Idle Combustion and Emissions Performance at Lean Conditions of Gasoline Engines

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