Coal, Emissions, Fuel and Ozone

Harvard/Nanjing study: China’s war on PM2.5 pollution is causing more severe ozone pollution

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 3, 2019

In early 2013, the Chinese government declared a war on air pollution and began instituting stringent policies to regulate the emissions of PM 2.5. Cities restricted the number of cars on the road, coal-fired power plants reduced emissions or were shuttered and replaced with natural gas. Over the course of five years, PM 2.5

Ozone

Ozone Pollution China Chinese

Reduction in diesel carbonyl emissions using F-T fuel from coal

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2014

In the Tianjin study, they team fueled a four-cylinder light-duty diesel engine fueled with CFT and DF, identifying 13 individual carbonyl compounds in the exhaust. Under the engine operating conditions used, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were the dominant carbonyl compounds for both test fuels. Jakober, 2008). CFT had 16.5–44.1%

Coal

Coal Diesel Emissions Fuel

Airborne measurements show ozone-forming VOCs emissions from ethanol plant higher than government estimates

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2015

New airborne measurements downwind from an Archer Daniels Midland fuel ethanol plant in Decatur, Illinois, show that ethanol emissions are 30 times higher than government baseline estimates. VOCs and nitrogen oxides react with sunlight to form ground-level ozone, the main component of smog. That is where this study fits in.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions Colorado Coal

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2009

Reducing emissions of black carbon soot and ground-level ozone would quickly make a considerable dent in the climate change problem and would also contribute to public health and protect crop yields, according to an essay in the September/October issue of Foreign Affairs. Besides a danger to breathe, ozone lowers crop yields.

Climate Change

Climate Change Ozone Climate Carbon

Study findings suggest that switching from coal to natural gas would do little for global climate

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 8, 2011

Relying more on natural gas would reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, but it would do little to help solve the climate problem. The study underscores the complex and sometimes conflicting ways in which fossil fuel burning affects Earth’s climate. —Tom Wigley. Methane is an especially potent greenhouse gas. degree Celsius).

Coal

Coal Climate Gas Global

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2011

Fast action on pollutants such as black carbon, ground-level ozone and methane may help limit near term global temperature rise and significantly increase the chances of keeping temperature rise below 2 °C (3.6 °F)—and emission reduction potential. ventilation air from coal mines. for 2030 and beyond. Source: UNEP.

Ozone

Ozone Carbon Climate Change Global

International study identifies 14 key measures to reduce methane and black carbon emissions; reduction in projected global mean warming of ~0.5 °C by 2050

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2012

A study by an international team of researchers, led by Drew Shindell of NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York City, has identified 14 measures targeting methane and black carbon (BC) emissions that could reduce projected global mean warming ~0.5°C °F) by 2050, as well as improving human health and agriculture.

Carbon

Carbon Ozone Emissions International

HEI report finds current levels of air pollution have reduced life expectancy by 1.67 years on average worldwide

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2019

and tropospheric ozone. This assessment also tracks exposure to household air pollution from burning fuels such as coal, wood, or biomass for cooking. Ozone accounted for about 472,000 early deaths in 2017. Numbers of deaths attributable to air pollution in countries around the world in 2017. Ambient PM 2.5

Pollution

Pollution Ozone 2017 2019

Researchers Discover New Chemistry for Ozone Formation; Not Yet Monitored or Incorporated into Atmospheric Models

Green Car Congress

JULY 24, 2009

(A) shows the base case peak concentrations for O 3 (ozone), ClNO and HCl in parts-per-billion by volume (ppbv). (B) Under extreme circumstances, this previously unknown chemistry could account for up to 40 parts per billion (ppb) of ozone; the current US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 8-hour average standard is 75 ppb.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution 2009 Coal

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Contributions of regions to total life cycle emissions for three fuels (µg per vehicle-mile traveled per km 2 land area). Dashed lines show US average emissions. Associated tailpipe emissions alone account for 40?60% Upstream processes involved in fuel production also contribute to overall environmental impacts.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution

IPCC: GHG emissions accelerating despite mitigation efforts; major institutional and technological change required to keep the heat down

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2014

Decomposition of the decadal change in total global CO 2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion by four driving factors; population, income (GDP) per capita, energy intensity of GDP and carbon intensity of energy. Total anthropogenic GHG emissions were the highest in human history from 2000 to 2010 and reached 49 (±4.5)

Emissions

Emissions Climate Change 2000 Climate

HEI: 95%+ of world’s population live in areas of unhealthy air

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2018

Ozone, another important component of outdoor air pollution, whose levels are on the rise around the world, contributed to 234,000 deaths from chronic lung disease. Population-weighted seasonal average ozone concentrations in 2016. coal, wood, and dung) for cooking and heating. coal, wood, and dung) for cooking and heating.

Pollution

Pollution Coal 2016 India

Why Schools Should Electrify Their Bus Fleets

Blink Charging

SEPTEMBER 12, 2023

Numerous studies compiled by the Environmental Defense Fund show that in addition to harming the community, diesel school buses also “self-pollute” with emissions entering the bus cabin, to the point that “ the interior cabin of a diesel bus is five times higher ” than outside the bus.

Fleet

Fleet Pollution Diesel Ozone

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Emission standard. Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (kg Ethene equivalent). Quantifies the production of pollutant ozone (? to ozone layer), the results of the reaction of sunlight on NO x and volatile organic compounds. water, and non-renewable energies (crude oil, coal.) emissions). emissions).

Li-ion

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel

Study: 87% of world’s population in 2013 lived in areas exceeding WHO PM2.5 guidelines

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 6, 2015

Additionally, the study found that the population-weighted mean concentrations of ozone increased globally by 8.9% An additional 217,000 deaths were attributable to long-term ozone exposure. and ozone (O 3 ). . … and ozone (O 3 ). Somewhat similar patterns were also evident for ozone.

2013

2013 Ozone Asia Africa

EEA report finds more action needed to protect Europe’s most vulnerable citizens from air pollution, noise and extreme temperatures

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2019

A ban on certain domestic heating fuels, such as coal, also leads to improved air quality in low-income zones. Wealthier regions, including large cities, tend to have on average higher levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), mostly because of the high concentration of road traffic and economic activities.

Pollution

Pollution Bulgaria Greece Portugal

Study finds household and outdoor air pollution contributes to more than 5.5 million premature deaths worldwide per year

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 12, 2016

of all global deaths) caused by outdoor fine particulate air pollution and an additional 215,000 deaths from exposure to ozone. Further, indoor exposure to household air pollution from the use of solid fuels for cooking and heating was responsible for 2.9 In China, burning coal is the biggest contributor to poor air quality.

Pollution

Pollution Coal Asia India

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

Controlling soot from fossil fuels and solid biofuels may be a faster method of reducing Arctic ice loss and global warming than other options, including controlling CH 4 or CO 2 , although all controls are needed, according to a new study by Dr. Mark Z. He also found that soot emissions kill more than 1.5 Dessler et al.,

Global

Global Ozone CO2 Pollution

Test of Planet-Cooling Scheme Could Start in 2022

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 19, 2021

Up there, 10 to 50 kilometers above the Earth’s surface, ozone molecules absorb the sun’s ultraviolet light, protecting life far below. Even less is understood about the potential risks to people and the environment—could the particles deplete the ozone layer, for example, or significantly alter the weather?

Ozone

Ozone Solar Climate Change Climate

Earth Day and the Importance of Green Energy

Blink Charging

APRIL 21, 2022

According to Forbes , studies have found that solar and wind power is often cheaper than power from fossil fuels, even without financial assistance, and their daily operations undercut even the most cost-effective coal plants. than gas-fueled vehicles. . Types of Green Energy.

Green

Green Energy Pollution Ozone

New Comprehensive Lifecycle Energy and Emissions Inventory Includes Non-Operational Components; Large Aircraft Can Perform Better than Light Rail

Green Car Congress

JUNE 9, 2009

Energy consumption and GHG emissions per PKT (passenger kilometer travelled). The fuel production component is shown in green. Inventorying criteria air pollutants showed that vehicle non-operational components often dominate total emissions. Life-cycle criteria air pollutant emissions are between 1.1

Light

Light Emissions Energy Boston

CICERO-led study finds global warming effect of leaked hydrogen almost 12x stronger than CO2

Green Car Congress

JUNE 12, 2023

Unlike exhaust from burning coal and gas that contains CO 2 , burning hydrogen emits only water vapor and oxygen. Hydrogen is not a greenhouse gas, but its chemical reactions in the atmosphere affect greenhouse gases such as methane, ozone, and stratospheric water vapor. Sand et al.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Global Ozone CO2

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

Markey of the Energy and Environment Subcommittee on Tuesday released a draft of far-reaching energy and climate legislation that targets job creation, promotes renewables and energy efficiency, and places limits on emissions of greenhouse gases. Clean Fuels and Vehicles. trucks, construction machines, ships and planes.

Climate

Climate Standards Carbon California

MIT study finds including non-CO2 emissions from synthetic aviation fuel in lifecycle analysis of climate impact can lead to decrease in relative environmental merit; need for a holistic analysis framework

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 23, 2011

A new study by researchers at MIT has found that factoring the non-CO 2 combustion emissions and effects into the lifecycle of a Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (SPK) aviation fuel can lead to a decrease in the relative environmental merit of the SPK fuel compared to conventional jet fuel. —Stratton et al.

MIT

MIT Climate Emissions Ozone

WHO links 7 million premature deaths annually to air pollution; 12.5% of total global deaths

Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2014

Poor women and children pay a heavy price from indoor air pollution since they spend more time at home breathing in smoke and soot from leaky coal and wood cook stoves. million deaths in 2012 in households cooking over coal, wood and biomass stoves. Ozone is a major factor in asthma morbidity and mortality.

Pollution

Pollution Global Ozone Coal

Emissions of Air Pollutants down in EU-27

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2009

The European Community’s air pollutant emission inventory report released by the European Environment Agency finds that in 2007, sulphur oxides (SO x ) emissions were down by 72 % from 1990 levels. EU-27 emissions of all four pollutants were lower in 2007 than in 2006.

Pollution

Pollution Emissions Czech Republic United Kingdom

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2009

Health and other non-climate damages by life-cycle component for different combinations of fuels and light-duty automobiles in 2005 (top) and 2030 (bottom). GHG emissions (grams CO 2 -eq)/VMT by life-cycle component for different combinations of fuels and light-duty automobiles in 2005 (top) and 2030 (bottom). Click to enlarge.

2005

2005 Cost Of Energy Coal

Abt life-cycle analysis of different Li-ion chemistries for PHEVs and EVs identifies opportunities for improving environmental profile of batteries

Green Car Congress

JUNE 30, 2013

ADP = abiotic depletion potential; AP = acidification potential; EcoTP = ecological toxicity potential; EP = eutrophication potential; GWP = global warming potential; HTP = human toxicity potential; OCH = occupational cancer hazard; ODP = ozone depletion potential; OnCH = occupational non-cancer hazard; POP = photochemical oxidation potential.

Li-ion

Li-ion PHEV Batteries Battery

Automakers agree on common plug to recharge electric vehicles

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 20, 2009

@ Apr 19th 2009 4:54PM Or fuel cells (ex: hydrogen). By abstracting devices to use electricity as their fuel, we can concentrate on advancing clean electricity production techniques and have the benefits shared by everything. That being said, even a car that derives its energy from coal power plants would be far more clean.

Recharge

Recharge Plug Electric Vehicles 2009

EV Driven

Harvard/Nanjing study: China’s war on PM2.5 pollution is causing more severe ozone pollution

Reduction in diesel carbonyl emissions using F-T fuel from coal

Airborne measurements show ozone-forming VOCs emissions from ethanol plant higher than government estimates

Reducing Black Carbon Emissions and Ground-Level Ozone Would Provide Immediate Benefit Against Climate Change

Study findings suggest that switching from coal to natural gas would do little for global climate

Fast action on black carbon, ozone and methane could help limit global temperature rise to 2 degrees C

International study identifies 14 key measures to reduce methane and black carbon emissions; reduction in projected global mean warming of ~0.5 °C by 2050

HEI report finds current levels of air pollution have reduced life expectancy by 1.67 years on average worldwide

Researchers Discover New Chemistry for Ozone Formation; Not Yet Monitored or Incorporated into Atmospheric Models

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

IPCC: GHG emissions accelerating despite mitigation efforts; major institutional and technological change required to keep the heat down

HEI: 95%+ of world’s population live in areas of unhealthy air

Why Schools Should Electrify Their Bus Fleets

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Study: 87% of world’s population in 2013 lived in areas exceeding WHO PM2.5 guidelines

EEA report finds more action needed to protect Europe’s most vulnerable citizens from air pollution, noise and extreme temperatures

Study finds household and outdoor air pollution contributes to more than 5.5 million premature deaths worldwide per year

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Test of Planet-Cooling Scheme Could Start in 2022

Earth Day and the Importance of Green Energy

New Comprehensive Lifecycle Energy and Emissions Inventory Includes Non-Operational Components; Large Aircraft Can Perform Better than Light Rail

CICERO-led study finds global warming effect of leaked hydrogen almost 12x stronger than CO2

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

MIT study finds including non-CO2 emissions from synthetic aviation fuel in lifecycle analysis of climate impact can lead to decrease in relative environmental merit; need for a holistic analysis framework

WHO links 7 million premature deaths annually to air pollution; 12.5% of total global deaths

Emissions of Air Pollutants down in EU-27

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

Abt life-cycle analysis of different Li-ion chemistries for PHEVs and EVs identifies opportunities for improving environmental profile of batteries

Automakers agree on common plug to recharge electric vehicles

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