Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 17, 2009

World production of fossil fuels—oil, coal, and natural gas—increased 2.9% in 2008 to reach 27.4 million tons of oil equivalent (Mtoe) per day, according to a Worldwatch Institute analysis. Energy prices reflected this shift: oil peaked at $144 per barrel in July, then fell to $34 per barrel in December.

2008 150

2008 Oil-Sands Fuel Production 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2009

Despite the economic effects of the global financial crisis (GFC), carbon dioxide emissions from human activities rose 2% in 2008 to an all-time high of 1.3 between 2000 and 2008, compared with 1% per year in the 1990s. Emissions from coal are now the dominant fossil fuel emission source, surpassing 40 years of oil emission prevalence.

2008 218

2008 Emissions Carbon Climate Change 218

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2010

Overview of the bluegas catalytic coal methanation process. By adding a catalyst to the coal gasification system, GreatPoint Energy is able to reduce the operating temperature in the gasifier, while directly promoting the reactions that yield methane, (CH 4 ). Click to enlarge. Earlier post.).

Coal 186

Coal Carbon Gas Energy 186

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 31, 2010

BG Group has approved implementation of the first phase of a US$15-billion project to convert coal seam gas (CSG) to LNG—the first major commercial project to do so. Total gross discovered coal seam gas reserves and resources presently amount to an estimated 17.3 In early 2008, we announced our first investment in Australia.

Coal 210

Coal Gas Australia Water 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 9, 2009

Estimates of how much crude oil humans have extracted from the planet vary wildly (as do estimates on how much remains). UK researchers have published a new estimate of total crude oil extracted in the International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Technology that suggests we may have used more than we think. Resources.

Oil 150

Oil Coal 2008 2009 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 21, 2010

PCEC, a state-owned enterprise established in 2008, will use the industrial gas products in a coal gasification process for chemical production. (PCEC) for the largest single air separation unit (ASU) on-site order ever committed to an industrial gas company. The facility is to be onstream in early 2012.

Coal 186

Coal Building China Production 186

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2011

The Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) issued a press release on Friday saying that Baard Energy had agreed to a settlement entailing their switching from coal as a feedstock for its planned coal/biomass-to-liquids Ohio River Clean Fuels plant ( earlier post ) to natural gas. Earlier post.). —Sierra Club’s Nachy Kanfer.

Ohio 199

Ohio Coal Sierra Gas 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 12, 2009

cents to fund the pilot test of a novel Underground Coal to Liquids (UCTL) process near Melbourne. UCTL is an in situ process that converts brown coal/lignite to liquid hydrocarbon and gas products within the coal seam. The preferred coal type is lignite; the water and impurities aid the UCTL process. million (US$3.7

Coal 150

Coal Water Oil 2008 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 21, 2010

Headwaters direct coal liquefaction process. Headwaters Inc and Axens are forming a strategic alliance to provide a single-source solution for producing synthetic fuels by direct coal liquefaction (DCL) alone or in combination with refinery residues or biomass. Up to 50% more liquid product per ton of coal. Source: Headwaters.

Coal 170

Coal Diesel Hydrogen Gasoline 170

Green Car Congress

MARCH 30, 2011

Meeting the goal of cutting US oil dependence depends largely on two things, Obama said: finding and producing more oil at home, and reducing dependence on oil with cleaner alternative fuels and greater efficiency. The Administration is pushing the oil industry to produce on leases already held.

Obama 268

Obama Oil Gas-Electric Purchase 268

Green Car Congress

MARCH 1, 2009

The government of Jordan has concluded negotiations with Shell for the in-situ production of oil from oil shale. In December, the Natural Resources Authority (NRA) forwarded to the Cabinet the commercial deal it initially signed with the Royal Dutch Shell Oil Company to tap the Kingdom’ss vast amounts of oil shale.

Jordan 150

Jordan Oil Coal 2008 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2009

overall from 2008 to 2035. CO 2 emissions from the transportation sector are projected to remain at 33% of the total in 2035, but increase from 1,925 million metric tons in 2008 to 2,115 in 2035. As a result, reliance on imported oil declines significantly over the next 25 years. trillion cubic feet in 2008 to 23.3

Renewable 199

Renewable Oil 2010 Energy 199

Green Car Congress

MARCH 19, 2012

Since then, support for expanding production of oil and other traditional sources has increased among most demographic and political groups; the shift among Republicans has been particularly pronounced. Opinion about tax cuts for energy companies is about where it was in 2008.

Fuel 291

Fuel Coal Oil Production 291

Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2012

There was a brief exception in the spring of 2010, however, after the Gulf of Mexico oil spill brought environmental issues back to the forefront. Americans continue to say the US should emphasize energy conservation by consumers over increased production of oil, gas, and coal to address the nation’s energy problems.

Environment 278

Environment Energy District of Columbia Coal 278

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 12, 2009

The decrease was driven by the economic downturn, combined with a significant switch from coal to natural gas as a source of electricity generation, according to the EIA. For 2008, the EIA reported a 3.2% decrease in CO 2 emissions from fossil fuels in 2008. decline in consumption), distillate fuel oil (an 8.2%

2009 220

2009 Emissions Gasoline Fuel 220

Green Car Congress

APRIL 24, 2009

million tons of methane in the atmosphere at the end of December 2008. The increases in CO 2 and methane during 2008 are slightly less than those measured in 2007, but fall well within the range of yearly fluctuations from natural changes, according to NOAA experts. Researchers measured an additional 16.2 All are researchers at ESRL.

2008 150

2008 CO2 Emissions Climate Change 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2009

million) toward a $30-million underground coal gasification (UCG) project with Swan Hills Synfuels of Calgary. Swan Hills Synfuels expects the project to demonstrate the ability to manufacture synthetic gas from Alberta’s coal resources, with the future potential of utilizing the coal seams for carbon capture and storage.

Coal 150

Coal Australia Oil-Sands Vietnam 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2009

The MOU with AltAir contemplates the production and purchase of up to 750 million gallons of jet fuel and diesel fuel over 10 years (75 million gallons per year) derived from camelina oil. AltAir Fuels LLC was formed in 2008 to develop projects for the production of jet fuel from renewable and sustainable oils. Earlier post.).

Purchase 225

Purchase Fuel Coal Alternative Fuels 225

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2012

2007); and predicted national data from the National Long-term Development Plan (NLDP) (2008?2050). In addition, predicted oil consumption for use in motor vehicles between 2008 and 2050 were used to develop the inventory. 1979); provincial data from the China Energy Statistics Yearbook (CESY) (1980?2007); Click to enlarge.

2007 271

2007 Carbon Emissions China 271

Creative Greenius

NOVEMBER 11, 2013

Here he is singing it solo acoustic in 2008. ” No terrorist organization or foreign country has the power or ability to destroy what we love most about our country the way the oil, coal and gas industries are doing right now using our climate as a weapon of mass destruction.

Al Gore 286

Al Gore Maldives Gore Climate Change 286

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2009

In February 2008, Chevron Corporation and Weyerhaeuser Company created a 50-50 joint venture company— Catchlight Energy LLC — focused on developing the next generation of renewable transportation fuels from nonfood sources. Chevron and lignin for fuels. Earlier post.) The biofuels feedstock will be primarily a diesel-like stream.

Chevron 249

Chevron Convert Fuel Supplies 249

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 2, 2010

The fuel, produced by Sasol’s proprietary Coal to Liquids (CTL) process, is the only fully synthetic jet fuel to have received international approval as a commercial aviation turbine fuel, Sasol said. Tambo International Airport have flown using Sasol’s semi-synthetic jet fuel.

Fuel 218

Fuel South Africa United Kingdom Africa 218

Green Car Congress

JUNE 12, 2019

Coal consumption (+1.4%) and production (+4.3%) increased for the second year in a row in 2018, following three years of decline (2014-16). Coal still accounted for the largest share of power generation at 38%. Cobalt prices rose 30% to their highest levels since 2008, while Lithium carbonate prices increased by 21% to new highs.

Climate Change 223

Climate Change Climate Coal Carbon 223

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 2, 2010

While emissions from oil and gas have decreased, emissions from coal have remained stable; the share of coal as a fuel has increased. This is not unexpected ”, said Gunnar Myhre, senior research fellow at CICERO and one of the scientists behind the article. China is now responsible for 24% of the global fossil emissions of CO 2.

Stimulus Package 210

Stimulus Package 2009 Emissions India 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 20, 2012

savings stimulated by high oil prices led to a decrease of 3% in CO 2 emissions in the European Union and of 2% in both the United States and Japan. tonnes per capita, despite a decline due to the recession in 2008-2009, high oil prices and an increased share of natural gas. Global fossil oil consumption increased by about 2.9%

2011 236

2011 Emissions CO2 Global 236

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2010

Private equity fund Pacific Road has agreed to acquire 10% of underground coal gasification (UCG) company Carbon Energy Limited from Australia’s national science agency CSIRO in an off-market trade. interest in the Company on 30 June 2008. As a result of this transaction CSIRO acquired an 18.6%

Carbon 186

Carbon Companies Energy Coal 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 18, 2009

LLC (AAEC) have executed the final project agreements for the Many Stars coal-to-liquids project to be constructed on the Crow Indian Reservation. Announced in August 2008, Many Stars CTL is an energy development project led by AAEC in collaboration with the Crow Nation. Earlier post.).

Montana 150

Montana Coal 2008 2016 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2010

The 4-7 March Gallup poll was conducted a few weeks before President Obama came out in favor of oil exploration off some sections of the US coast ( earlier post ), and shortly after he advocated the expanded use of nuclear power in the United States. Click to enlarge.

Environment 218

Environment Energy Obama United States 218

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2011

correction for the leap year 2008), global emissions have. reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by 2012 as a group, partly thanks to large emission reductions from economies in transition in the early nineties and more recent reductions due to the 2008-2009 recession, according to the report. Global CO 2. Source: JRC.

Emissions 281

Emissions Global Transportation Industry 281

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 14, 2011

Shell has published an update to its 2008 Shell Energy Scenarios to 2050. The recession interrupted the oil and commodity price boom but it may return. By the end of the coming decade, growth in the production of easily accessible oil and gas will not match the projected rate of demand growth. Source: Shell. Click to enlarge.

Energy 256

Energy 2000 2008 Supplies 256

Green Car Congress

JULY 5, 2011

Global CO 2 emissions have increased at an annual rate of more than 3 per cent, considerably faster than in previous decades (van Vuuren and Riahi, 2008). The past decade was the first in two centuries with increasing CO2 emissions intensities, owing to a “coal revival”, in contrast with the rapid conversion to natural gas in the 1990s.

Global 338

Global Energy Green Coal 338

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2010

The Annual Energy Outlook 2011 (AEO2011) Reference case released yesterday by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) more than doubles the technically recoverable US shale gas resources assumed in AEO2010 and added new shale oil resources. —EIA Administrator Richard Newell. trillion cubic feet in 2009 to 9.4

Gas 199

Gas 2011 Price Energy 199

Green Car Congress

JULY 16, 2011

braunii have been reported (races A, B, and L), which are identified by the type of oil produced and accumulated by the organism. Of these, the oils produced by race B, a family of isoprenoid compounds termed botryococcenes, hold the most promise as an alternative energy source. Three phenotypically distinct isolates, or “races,” of B.

Kentucky 210

Kentucky Oil Fusion Coal 210

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2009

A pilot project by We Energies, Alstom and The Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) testing an Alstom advanced chilled ammonia process ( earlier post ) has demonstrated more than 90% capture of carbon dioxide from the flue stream of a coal-fueled power plant in Wisconsin (the Pleasant Prairie Carbon Capture Pilot Plant ).

EPRI 223

EPRI CO2 Coal Carbon 223

Green Car Congress

MARCH 20, 2018

With assets exceeding US$270 billion, China Energy has set a number of world records including being the largest producer of coal, thermal power, renewable energy, and coal-to-oil and coal chemical products. Clean energy, including hydrogen, is a key focus of the Group.

Hydrogen 170

Hydrogen China Fuel Energy 170

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2011

On a life-cycle basis this advantage is reduced, the MIT report notes, because the GHG emissions in production and distribution, including methane leakage, are greater for natural gas than for oil products. million bpd of oil. These include short-range, heavy-duty vehicles (e.g., Tcf/year, equivalent to 1.3

MIT 299

MIT Gas Transportation Future 299

Green Car Congress

MAY 30, 2011

Gigatonnes (Gt), a 5% jump from the previous record year in 2008, when levels reached 29.3 In terms of fuels, 44% of the estimated CO 2 emissions in 2010 came from coal, 36% from oil, and 20% from natural gas. After a dip in 2009 caused by the global financial crisis, emissions are estimated to have climbed to a record 30.6

2010 257

2010 Emissions 2020 CO2 257