Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 3, 2017

The Oil War Is Only Just Getting Started. It’s been a month now that investors and analysts have been closely watching two main drivers for oil prices: how OPEC is doing with the supply-cut deal, and how US shale is responding to fifty-plus-dollar oil with rebounding drilling activity.

Oil 150

Oil Saudi Arabia Oil Prices Low Cost 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 4, 2021

There’s an assumption that as demand decreases, oil producers who are on the margins will be pushed out of business, but we’ve found that’s not always the case. Everyone knows about these market structures, but by considering it, we show the structure is very important in a global economy. Masnadi, M.S., Benini, G., El-Houjeiri, H.M.

Oil 305

Oil Carbon Global Market 305

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2010

The Annual Energy Outlook 2011 (AEO2011) Reference case released yesterday by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) more than doubles the technically recoverable US shale gas resources assumed in AEO2010 and added new shale oil resources. Unconventional vehicle sales. Source: EIA. Click to enlarge.

Gas 199

Gas 2011 Price Energy 199

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2015

AEO2015 presents updated projections for US energy markets through 2040 based on six cases (Reference, Low and High Economic Growth, Low and High Oil Price, and High Oil and Gas Resource) that reflect updated scenarios for future crude oil prices. trillion cubic feet (Tcf) in the Low Oil Price case to 13.1

2020 150

2020 Energy Transportation Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 7, 2017

Compared to the reference case, in which gasoline vehicles (ICEVs) remain dominant through 2050 (BAU), OPT results in 16% and 36% reductions in LDV greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for 2030 and 2050, respectively, corresponding to 5% and 9% reductions in economy-wide emissions. Credit: ACS, Keshavarzmohammadian et al. Click to enlarge.

Emissions 150

Emissions Economy Gasoline-Electric Coal 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2016

A sharp rise in oil prices would spur new investment and new drilling. The price acts as a self-correcting mechanism. The problem is that, unlike many other industries, resource extraction is extremely volatile, with supply responses very delayed. When oil prices go up, people buy fuel efficient cars.

Oil 150

Oil Supplies Market Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2012

The Nikkei reports that the nationwide average price in Japan for regular gasoline was ¥139.8 per gallon US) as of Monday, dropping for the 13 th straight week to a 16-month low, according to the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy. per liter ($6.65

Japan 258

Japan Gasoline Fuel Gasoline-Electric 258

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 8, 2018

However, the study found that the growth of CO 2 emissions by 2030 would only be 1-5% lower than if subsidies had been maintained, regardless of whether oil prices are low or high. The largest effects of removing subsidies were found in areas that export oil and gas, such as Russia, Latin America, and the Middle East and North Africa.

Emissions 186

Emissions Fuel CO2 Oil 186

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 13, 2017

An increase in Saudi oil production could also be incentivized by expectations that restrictions on burning of fossil fuel will intensify in the future, as importing states impose policies aimed at mitigating greenhouse gas emissions causing climate change. Climate risk could also weigh into a decision to raise output. —Krane (2017).

Saudi Arabia 150

Saudi Arabia Oil Production Climate 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 20, 2011

World oil prices remain high in the IEO2011 Reference case, but oil consumption continues to grow; both conventional and unconventional liquid supplies are used to meet rising demand. In the IEO2011 Reference case the price of light sweet crude oil (in real 2009 dollars) remains high, reaching $125 per barrel in 2035.

Oil-Sands 220

Oil-Sands Oil 2008 Oil Prices 220

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 13, 2017

With the successful scale-up of this technology, it is believed that Gevo’s HEDFs could be produced at a lower cost than the petroleum-based equivalent, even at current oil prices. HEDFs are currently used in air and sea-launched cruise missiles used by the US military forces. Patrick Gruber, Gevo’s CEO.

Fuel 170

Fuel Oil Prices Oil Emissions 170

Green Car Congress

MAY 27, 2009

With strong economic growth and continued heavy reliance on fossil fuels expected for most of the non-OECD economies, much of the increase in carbon dioxide emissions is projected to occur among the developing, non-OECD nations. World oil prices have fallen sharply from their July 2008 high mark. million barrels per day.

2006 150

2006 Emissions Energy Oil-Sands 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 6, 2015

Energy is the foundation of Russia, its economy, its government, and its political system. They pose an existential threat to the industry and therefore to the Russian economy: The revenues Russia can earn from its crude and natural gas exports face intense pressure. Natural gas data from Gazprom). The emergence of the U.S.,

Russia 150

Russia Saudi Arabia Iran Iraq 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2013

The rising fuel economy of LDVs more than offsets the modest growth in VMT, resulting in a 25% decline in LDV energy consumption decline between 2012 and 2040 in the AEO2014 Reference case. Some other key findings of the AEO2014 Reference case include: Low natural gas prices boost natural gas-intensive industries. per year, from 21.5

Oil 290

Oil Light Energy Vehicles 290

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2012

new appliance standards and CAFE) and changes in the way energy is used in the US economy. quadrillion Btu in 2035, as a result of fuel economy improvements achieved through stock turnover as older, less efficient vehicles are replaced by newer, more fuel-efficient vehicles. million, or less than one-half the 2.9 than in AEO2012.

Fuel 225

Fuel Energy Sale 2013 225

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 23, 2012

It also assumed implementation of existing regulations that enable the building of new energy infrastructure and resource extraction. Under the Reference case, domestic crude oil production is expected to grow by more than 20% over the coming decade; already, domestic crude oil production increased from 5.1

Oil 210

Oil 2005 Production 2010 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2010

I believe we are on the cusp of the next great tectonic shift in our economy, one that will transform the way we use energy both in our homes and on the road. Global Demand for Oil. World demand for oil would fall, leading to lower world oil prices. Resilience to Future Price Shocks.

Grid 186

Grid Vehicles 2008 Oil 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2012

The KPMG study, “Expect the Unexpected: Building Business Value in a Changing World”, explores issues such as climate change, energy and fuel volatility, water availability and cost and resource availability, as well as population growth spawning new urban centers. Population Growth: The world population is expected to grow to 8.4

Climate Change 310

Climate Change Water Climate Global 310

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 15, 2010

Debate about the future of oil sands development is so contentious that even the name of the resource is disputed: proponents typically use oil sands while opponents use tar sands. A growing supply of unconventional transportation fuels would tend to moderate oil prices and would drive up emissions on a life cycle basis.

Oil-Sands 225

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Coal 225

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 27, 2011

Technically feasible levels of energy efficiency and decarbonized energy supply alone will not be sufficient to reduce greenhouse gas emissions 80% below 1990 levels by 2050, according to a detailed modeling of the California economy performed by a team from Energy and Environmental Economics, the Monterey. Subsequent work has. electricity.

Climate 262

Climate California Fuel Gas-Electric 262

Green Car Congress

JULY 2, 2013

In contrast to arguments that peak conventional oil production is imminent due to physical resource scarcity, a team from Stanford University and UC Santa Cruz has examined the alternative possibility of reduced oil use due to improved efficiency and oil substitution.

Oil 207

Oil Oil-Sands Fuel Economy Transportation 207

Green Car Congress

JUNE 20, 2012

Bartis and RAND colleague Lawrence van Bibbe were the authors of a 2011 RAND report concluding that if the US military increased its use of alternative jet and naval fuels that can be produced from coal or various renewable resources, including seed oils, waste oils and algae, there would be no direct benefit to the nation’s armed forces.

Price 225

Price Turkey Oil-Sands Fuel 225

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2009

Perspective by Deron Lovaas, Federal Transportation Policy Director, Natural Resources Defense Council. Oil is a strategic commodity second to none—it underlies the global economy and even the American way of life. This means our economic stability is at stake because of our reliance on oil.

Oil 255

Oil Transportation Congress Fuel Economy 255

Green Car Congress

JULY 20, 2012

savings stimulated by high oil prices led to a decrease of 3% in CO 2 emissions in the European Union and of 2% in both the United States and Japan. tonnes per capita, despite a decline due to the recession in 2008-2009, high oil prices and an increased share of natural gas. tonnes per capita. the United States (16%).

2011 236

2011 Emissions CO2 Global 236

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

The oil price shocks of the 1970s led the Brazilian government to address the strain high prices were placing on its fragile economy. Brazil, the largest and most populous country in South America, was importing 80% of its oil and 40% of its foreign exchange was used to pay for that imported oil.

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2011

Electrification will also reduce oil dependence, providing foreign policy benefits and the potential to reduce real oil prices and oil price volatility. Electrification will reduce emissions, with the scale determined by the carbon intensity of the power sector. Vehicle technologies. —Deutch and Moniz.

Transportation 252

Transportation MIT Oil Prices Oil 252

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2015

OPEC next gathers December 4 in Vienna, just over a year since Saudi Oil Minister Ali Al-Naimi announced at the previous OPEC winter meeting the Saudi decision to let the oil market determine oil prices rather than to continue Saudi Arabia's role of guarantor of $100+/bbl oil. trillion of $3.05 billion vs. $1.6

Saudi Arabia 150

Saudi Arabia Russia Oil 2015 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 12, 2012

The cost of fossil-fuel subsidies has been driven up by higher oil prices; they remain most prevalent in the Middle East and North Africa, where momentum towards their reform appears to have been lost. Despite the growth in low-carbon sources of energy, fossil fuels remain dominant in the global energy mix, supported. — WEO-2012.

Global 225

Global 2012 Energy Oil 225

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2016

Placing fuels in a market-based system (MBM) will also lead to GHG abatement becoming an economy-wide rather than a sectorial issue based on the lowest cost to society. For the reference case, the model assumed extension of the existing legislation to 2030. Integrated Fuels and Vehicles Roadmap to 2030+.

Transportation 150

Transportation Emissions Fuel Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 3, 2010

California’s LCFS also would have little or no impact on GHG emissions nationwide and would harm our nation’s energy security by discouraging the use of Canadian crude oil—our nation’s largest source of crude—and ethanol produced in the American Midwest. The LCFS is an ineffective tool for reducing GHG emissions. NPRA President Charles T.

California 199

California Oil-Sands Oil 2005 199

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 28, 2011

DOE recognizes that technology developments can help make vehicles more efficient and alternative fuels more economic, but the deployment of any technologies it helps develop is largely determined by policies, such as Corporate Average Fuel Economy standards. Impartial DOE research can help inform these standards.

Transportation 218

Transportation Fuel Economy Light Fuel 218

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 7, 2010

CCTF most readily provides a significant climate benefit when coupled with large, point source emitters of CO 2 that are actively harming the atmosphere, but these are expected to be “scarce resources” in the post-CCS era. CCTF will only employ direct CO 2 capture from air when the CO 2 emission price exceeds the cost of air capture.

Transportation 231

Transportation Convert Waste CO2 231

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2009

Costs will decline with technology improvements and economies of scale, but Li-ion batteries are already being produced in great numbers for consumer devices and are well along their learning curves, according to the NRC report. Click to enlarge. Transitions to Alternative Transportation Technologies—Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles.

Plug-in 186

Plug-in Plug PHEV Hybrid 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 14, 2009

The Most Plausible Early Market consumers value fuel economy. That could yield more than 50 mpg of fuel economy—or usage of less than 300 gallons per year—and still be a lot cheaper than a plug-in hybrid or a fuel cell vehicle, he noted. Based on the game results, battery pack requirements would be equal to or less than 2 kWh.

PHEV 150

PHEV Fuel Economy San Diego Climate Change 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 10, 2014

The potential for growth in demand for liquid fuels is focused on the emerging economies of China, India, and the Middle East, while liquid fuels demand in the United States, Europe, and other regions with well-established oil markets seems to have peaked. per year, as the mature economies react to sustained high fuel prices.

Asia 341

Asia Transportation Oil-Sands Oil Prices 341

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 7, 2009

Background colors of the cells represent the crude oil price required for economic feasibility. These synthetic fuels are economically competitive with petro-diesel when the crude oil price (COP) is at or above $86 per barrel (based on a 20% rate of return, in January 2008 dollars, with a carbon price of zero).

Carbon 186

Carbon Diesel Fuel Coal 186

Green Car Congress

MARCH 14, 2011

Current high prices of food, oil and many other resources are indications of increasing scarcity. Global Resource Scarcities and Policies in the European Union and the Netherlands”, examines scarcity using a framework comprising three dimensions: physical, economic and political. Source: PBL. Click to enlarge.

Market 186

Market Netherlands Price Oil 186