Cost, Gasoline-Electric and Light

DOE: all-electric vehicles have the lowest estimated average annual fuel cost of all light-duty vehicles

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2019

The estimated annual fuel costs for model year (MY) 2019 all-electric light-duty vehicles are the lowest of all the different vehicle technologies, ranging from a low of $500 to a high of $900 per year, according to the US Department of Energy (DOE). All annual vehicle fuel costs are rounded to the nearest $50.

All-Electric

All-Electric Light San Diego Electric Vehicles

Nissan introduces new Townstar LCV in gasoline and electric versions

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 30, 2021

In Europe, Nissan revealed the next-generation compact Light Commercial Vehicle (LCV), the Townstar. With a fully electric powertrain in addition to a gasoline-powered option in van and combi (passenger) versions, the new Townstar brings a suite of 20+ technologies to the compact van offering.

Gasoline-Electric

Gasoline-Electric Nissan Gasoline Fully Electric

NREL, INL team assesses levelized cost of light-duty EV charging in US in 2019

Green Car Congress

JUNE 22, 2020

A team from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and the Idaho National Laboratory has produced a detailed assessment of the current levelized cost of light-duty electric-vehicle charging (LCOC) in the United States, considering when, where, and how EVs are charged. kWh for light-duty BEVs and $0.14/kWh

Cost Of

Cost Of Light Charging 2019

Argonne report on characteristics of light-duty plug-in electric vehicles in US

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 22, 2022

A new report from a team at Argonne National Laboratory examines the changing characteristics for light-duty plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) from 2010-2021, evaluating range, energy efficiency, costs, and performance. terawatt-hours of electricity to drive 19.1 billion miles, offsetting 700 million gallons of gasoline.

Plug-in

Plug-in Light Electric Vehicles Plug

Argonne study finds BEVs can have lowest scheduled maintenance costs, but highest cost of driving

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2021

Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory, with colleagues from Lawrence Berkeley, Oak Ridge, and National Renewable Energy labs, and the University of Tennessee, have published a comprehensive analysis of the total cost of ownership (TCO) for 12 sizes of vehicles ranging from compact sedans up to Class 8 tractors with sleeper cabs.

Maintenance

Maintenance Cost Of Chad Plug-in

Electric Vehicles Have the Lowest Annual Fuel Cost of All Light-Duty Vehicles

Electric Cars Report

AUGUST 16, 2022

Estimates of annual fuel costs for model year 2022 light-duty vehicles show that electric vehicles can save consumers thousands of dollars over gasoline or diesel vehicles. According to the data released by the Department of Energy (DOE), All EV models had annual fuel costs less than $1,000.

Light

Light Cost Of All-Electric Electric Vehicles

Electric Vehicles Have Lowest Annual Fuel Cost of All Light-Duty Vehicles

CleanTechnica EVs

AUGUST 16, 2022

Estimates of annual fuel costs for model year (MY) 2022 light-duty vehicles show that electric vehicles (EVs) can save consumers thousands of dollars over gasoline or diesel vehicles. All EV models had annual fuel costs less than $1,000.

Light

Light All-Electric Electric Vehicles Cost Of

Every US EV costs less than $1,000 a year to fuel, according to federal estimates

Green Car Reports

AUGUST 24, 2022

Any light-duty electric vehicle available in the United States for the 2022 model year will save drivers thousands of dollars over gasoline or diesel vehicles, the Department of Energy said last week in a blog post.

Fuel

Fuel Gasoline-Electric United States Gasoline

EPA proposes stringent new emissions standards for light-, medium-, heavy-duty vehicles for MY 2027 and beyond

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2023

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced two new proposed federal emissions standards spanning light-, medium- and heavy-duty vehicles for model year 2027 and beyond. The light-duty vehicle category includes passenger cars and light trucks consistent with previous EPA criteria pollutant and GHG rules.

EPA

EPA Light Standards Emissions

What is the cost of usable energy for driving and heating our homes?

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 31, 2019

This analysis compares the costs of usable energy when we buy gasoline and electricity for driving and natural gas for keeping warm. Gasoline-powered vehicles. Combustion of a gallon of gasoline (that includes ethanol) releases 120,333 Btu of energy. All-electric vehicles. per 100 kWh. Natural-gas furnaces.

Cost Of

Cost Of Energy Gasoline-Electric Gas-Electric

US DRIVE releases comprehensive cradle-to-grave analysis of light-duty vehicle GHGs, cost of driving and cost of avoided GHGs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 9, 2016

The US DRIVE Cradle-to-Grave Working Group has published the “Cradle-to-Grave Lifecycle Analysis of US Light-Duty Vehicle-Fuel Pathways: A Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Economic Assessment of Current (2015) and Future (2025–2030) Technologies” Argonne National Lab Report. no scenario analysis.

Cost Of

Cost Of Light Fuel Economy Vehicles

LiquidPiston awarded $9M contract from DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory for compact efficient heavy-fueled rotary engine program

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 2, 2022

LiquidPiston announced a $9-million award from the US Army to design, build and demonstrate an advanced, heavy-fueled combustion engine that uses up to 30% less fuel than comparable gasoline-powered engines in the same power class and reduces size and weight by up to 10x over diesel engines with comparable power output. Earlier post.).

Engine

Engine Fuel Gasoline-Electric Gasoline

Argonne releases new cradle-to-grave lifecycle analysis of US LDV vehicle-fuel pathways

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 6, 2022

The study provides a comprehensive analysis of the cost and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of a variety of vehicle-fuel pathways; the levelized cost of driving (LCD); and the cost of avoided GHG emissions. Cost assessments represent a final cost/price to the consumer, excluding taxes on the final product (e.g.,

Fuel

Fuel Vehicles PHEV Carbon

Con Edison helping NYC drivers shift to EVs with more places to charge up

Green Car Congress

APRIL 12, 2022

There are now more than 29,000 electric vehicles registered in New York City and Westchester, including 1,262 added in February, the most recent month for which data are available, according to Con Edison, the electricity, gas and steam utility for New York CIty and Westchester County, NY. Electrifying Con Edison’s Fleet of Vehicles.

New York City

New York City Charging New York Gasoline-Electric

EPA to maintain light-duty vehicle GHG standards unchanged through 2025

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2017

In an expected ruling, US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Administrator Gina McCarthy finalized her decision to maintain the current greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions standards for model years 2022-2025 cars and light trucks. Top: Footprint-based CO 2 (g/mile) light truck standards curves. Earlier post.) Click to enlarge.

EPA

EPA Light Standards Fuel Economy

Methanol Institute releases two reports on methanol as safe, efficient and clean fuel

Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2020

The report provides a summary of an analysis of physical properties of 19 samples of gasoline and methanol, as well as co-solvents ethanol, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and tertbutyl alcohol (TBA) in different blending ratios. Gasoline-methanol blends evaporate faster at a lower temperature when methanol and ethanol are added to gasoline.

Clean

Clean Cleaning Fuel Gasoline-Electric

Media Release: Plug’n Drive welcomes proposed discount electricity rate for EV chargers in Ontario

Plug N Drive

MAY 1, 2024

Presently, there are well over 700,000 electric and hybrid electric vehicles on Canadian roads and over 70 different EV models available, with more on the way at increasingly affordable prices. With over 83 percent of Canada’s electricity coming from non-emitting sources (e.g.,

Canada

Canada Electric Electrical Electric Vehicles

ComEd to replace all LDVs in fleet with electrified vehicles by 2030

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2020

ComEd’s new fleet electrification plan calls for replacing all of its light duty vehicles with electrified vehicles (EVs and PHEVs) by 2030. ComEd will replace end-of-life internal combustion vehicles with plug-in hybrid and fully electric vehicles, reducing fuel and maintenance costs and creating savings that will be passed on to customers.

Fleet

Fleet Illinois Vehicles Chicago

UMTRI study finds total cost of ownership of diesels in US often much less than gasoline counterparts

Green Car Congress

JULY 9, 2015

Though there are some exceptions to these positive results for some of the diesel versions of vehicles from a total-cost-of-ownership perspective, the overall direction of the results supports the idea that diesel vehicles are competitive within the U.S. —Bruce Belzowski. Alternative powertrain sales.

Cost Of

Cost Of Gasoline Diesel Fuel Economy

CMU analysis finds BEVs powered with natural gas-based electricity have about 40% of the lifecycle GHGs of a conventional gasoline vehicle

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 21, 2015

According to a new lifecycle analysis by a team at Carnegie Mellon University, a battery electric vehicle (BEV) powered with natural gas-based electricity achieves around an average 40% lifecycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction when compared to a conventional gasoline vehicle. Earlier post.).

Gasoline-Electric

Gasoline-Electric Gas-Electric Gasoline Gas

EPA proposes leaving light-duty vehicle GHG standards for MY 2022-2025 unchanged

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 30, 2016

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has proposed leaving the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions standards for light-duty vehicle model years 2022-2025 in place, based on its technical analysis that shows automakers are well positioned to meet the targets. l/100 km), if achieved exclusively through fuel economy improvements.

EPA

EPA Standards Light Vehicles

EIA: fuel economy improvements bring diminishing returns in fuel savings

Green Car Congress

JULY 15, 2014

For example, switching from a 10-mile-per-gallon (mpg) vehicle to a 15-mpg vehicle saves more fuel and results in greater fuel cost savings than switching from a 25-mpg vehicle to a 75-mpg vehicle. Similarly, the fuel and cost savings of improving fuel economy from 12 mpg to 15 mpg are the same as increasing from 30 mpg to 60 mpg.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel MPG

New Zealand simplifies Road User Charges system, extends exemption for light electric motor vehicles from 2013 to 2020

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2012

In New Zealand, diesel and electric-powered vehicles pay for their road use through road user charges. On the other hand, gasoline, CNG and LPG powered vehicles pay for road use through fuel excise duty charged directly on the fuel they use. battery electric) or partly (i.e., battery electric) or partly (i.e.,

New Zealand

New Zealand Light 2013 2020

OSRAM says automotive lighting trending to all-LED; particular benefits for electric vehicles

Green Car Congress

MAY 27, 2011

The automotive market is inevitably trending to LED lighting for reasons of reliability, appearance, functionality and efficiency, says OSRAM SYLVANIA. OSRAM SYLVANIA, together with OSRAM GmbH (owned by Siemens), is the world leader in automotive lighting for original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and the aftermarket.

Light

Light All-Electric Electric Vehicles Vehicles

Yamato Transport and CJPT to study standardization and commercialization of cartridge batteries for battery swapping

Green Car Congress

JULY 28, 2022

The introduction of commercial battery electric vehicles (BEVs) poses several challenges, including recharging times that are longer than refueling times for conventional gasoline and diesel vehicles, as well as increased logistics downtime (when vehicles and cargo are at a standstill) due to numerous vehicles recharging at or around the same time.

Standards

Standards Commercial Transportation Batteries

DOE issues Request for Information on financing strategies for light-duty H2 fueling infrastructure

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 13, 2013

The US Department of Energy (DOE) has issued a Request for Information (RFI) ( DE-FOA-0001055 ) for light-duty fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) fueling infrastructure financing strategies within the context of an early market introduction. Installations of public access dispensing have been sited at existing retail gasoline stations.

Financing

Financing Light Fuel Hydrogen

Gov’t, industry, national labs collaborate on comprehensive cradle-to-grave LCA study and economic assessment of LDV GHG reductions

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2018

The ranges of the levelized cost of driving (LCD) and cost of avoided carbon are narrower for the future technology pathways, reflecting the expected economic competitiveness of these alternative vehicles and fuels. transportation sector. transportation sector. . transportation sector. automotive and energy industries.

Industrial

Industrial Industry Gasoline-Electric PHEV

President Biden calls on Congress, States for fuel tax holiday; increase in refinery capacity

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2022

President Biden called on Congress to suspend the federal gas tax for the next 90 days, through the busy summer driving season—18 cents per gallon for gasoline and 24 cents per gallon for diesel. Refined product prices are set by the marginal supply costs of bringing the incremental barrels of products to market.

Congress

Congress Fuel Tax Tax Fuel

Argonne study identifying fuel consumption penalties for CNG use in conventional light-duty vehicles; optimization pathways

Green Car Congress

MAY 18, 2012

Light-duty vehicle fuel economy penalties for CNG in conventional engines, with and without scaling for performance equivalence. up-sizing”) to deliver comparable performance to the gasoline-fueled version. up-sizing”) to deliver comparable performance to the gasoline-fueled version. seconds for gasoline. Source: ANL.

Light

Light Fuel Gasoline-Electric Vehicles

Audi introduces new CNG A3 Sportback

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 16, 2020

This is supplemented by the additional range offered by the reserve gasoline tank with a net usable volume of 9 liters (2.4 The four-cylinder always starts in CNG mode, only injecting slight amounts of gasoline under rare operating conditions. Lower costs, lower emissions. US gal) mounted in front of the rear axle.

Audi

Audi Gas Gas-Electric Gasoline-Electric

Cummins introduces 5L V8 diesel for North American light- and medium-duty commercial vehicles

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2013

a new 5-liter V8 diesel engine designed to power pickup-and-delivery vehicles, other light- and medium-duty trucks, school buses and motorhomes. creates new opportunities for our OEM customers as a compact and lightweight engine that delivers best-in-class fuel efficiency and total cost of ownership. The new ISV 5.0 Click to enlarge.

Diesel

Diesel Light Commercial Vehicles

EPA finalizes greenhouse gas standards for LDVs MY 2023-2026

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 21, 2021

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is finalizing the federal greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions standards for passenger cars and light trucks for Model Years (MY) 2023 through 2026. EPA’s analysis shows manufacturers can comply with the final standards with modest increases in the numbers of electric vehicles entering the fleet.

EPA

EPA Standards Gas Pollution

ICCT: decline in diesel sales will have negligible impact on attainment of European CO2 emission standards

Green Car Congress

MARCH 19, 2018

The current decline is ales of diesel light duty vehicle in Europe does not put EU CO 2 targets out of reach of automakers, according to a new analysis by the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT). In addition, vehicle manufacturers increasingly use electric motors to complement conventional combustion engines in cars.

Diesel

Diesel CO2 Standards Emissions

Ninth annual Green Innovation Index finds California light-duty vehicle emissions spike; major challenge to 2030 climate goals

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2017

However, although the state has made considerable progress decoupling economic growth from greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the rate of emissions decline appears to be slowing, due in part to a spike in transportation emissions attributed to an increase from light-duty vehicles. California’s electric-power sector was responsible for 19.1%

California

California Light Emissions Climate

DOE awarding $71M to 20 RD&D projects to cut GHG emissions, expand EV infrastructure; $5M to Achates for opposed-piston 2-stroke hybrid

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 2, 2021

Projects will work to lower emissions by leading the expansion of EV charging stations to facilitate the transition from fossil fuel-powered vehicles to electric vehicles. AOI 3: Reducing the Cost of DC Fast Charging Equipment. Technology & Design Innovations to Maximize the Reduction Effect on DCFC Unit Cost Economics (Max-REDUCE).

Emissions

Emissions Eaton Minnesota Hybrid

BNEF forecasts EVs to be 35% of global new car sales by 2040; cost of ownership below conventional-fuel vehicles by 2025

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 25, 2016

A new study by Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF) forecasts that sales of electric vehicles will hit 41 million by 2040, representing 35% of new light duty vehicle sales worldwide. This would be equivalent to nearly 8% of global electricity demand in 2015. However, that cost comparison is set to change radically in the 2020s.

Cost Of

Cost Of Sale Global Vehicles

Harris AutoTECHCAST Study Finds US Vehicle Owners Currently Would Choose Lower-cost, Higher Fuel Economy Gasoline-Engined Vehicles Over Higher-Priced Alt Fuel Engines or Electric Vehicles

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2010

According to Harris Interactive’s 2010 AutoTECHCAST study, conducted between 6-26 April 2010, there is currently greater demand among US vehicle owners for technologies that deliver improved fuel economy of existing gasoline-driven engines at a lower initial cost, rather than for higher-priced alternative-fueled engines. Pure Electric.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Gasoline-Electric Engine Fuel

Study finds technology cost of achieving European 2020 LDV CO2 targets more than offset by resultant fuel savings

Green Car Congress

MARCH 19, 2013

A report published by Cambridge Econometrics and Ricardo-AEA concludes that overall, the cost of technologies required to meet proposed European 2020 CO 2 regulations for vehicles (95 g/km for cars and 147 g/km for vans) will be more than offset by the resultant fuel savings. The project is taking a phased approach.

Cost Of

Cost Of 2020 Fuel CO2

Cummins provides US Postal Service with 8 electric vans in California

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2019

In March, Cummins began delivering eight Cummins-powered all-electric vehicles to the United States Postal Service (USPS) in California. The fully-electric Cummins PowerDrive equipped vans are expected to reduce fuel and maintenance costs as well as eliminate emissions.

California

California Fresno Gasoline-Electric Electric

EIA: light duty vehicle energy consumption to drop 25% by 2040; increased oil production, vehicle efficiency reduce US oil and liquid imports

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2013

Energy consumption by light-duty vehicles in the United States, AEO2013 and AEO2014, 1995-2040 (quadrillion Btu). The fuel economy of gasoline-powered LDVs continues to increase, and advanced technology fuel efficiency subsystems are added, such as micro hybridization, which is installed on 42% of gasoline LDVs in 2040.

Oil

Oil Light Energy Vehicles

Chrysler Group files S-1 for IPO; snapshot of R&D priorities; exploring a light-duty hydraulic hybrid

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 24, 2013

Chrysler is also seeking to reduce electrical loads through application of higher efficiency fans and fuel pumps. Thermal management technologies not only help reduce fuel consumption, but are an important factor in extending battery range for hybrid electric and all-electric vehicle models. —Chrysler S-1.

Chrysler

Chrysler Light Hybrid Dodge

Tula Technology presents findings on its Dynamic Motor Drive at the 42nd International Vienna Motor Symposium

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2021

the developer of Dynamic Skip Fire (DSF) and diesel DSF cylinder deactivation technology for combustion engines, reported at the International Vienna Motor Symposium that its product Dynamic Motor Drive (DMD) ( earlier post ) mitigates efficiency losses of electric motors while significantly reducing reliance on rare-earth materials.

Motor

Motor Motors Motoring International

NREL report estimates gasoline produced from biomass could cost about the same as ethanol

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 12, 2011

Current case design block flow diagram of thermochemical gasoline from biomass-derived methanol and the methanol-to-gasoline process. Gasoline has a higher energy content than ethanol.) Source: NREL. Click to enlarge. gallon US ($0.52/liter). gallon US ($0.52/liter). gallon ($0.37/liter). per gallon ($0.41 per liter) and $1.49

Gasoline

Gasoline Gasoline-Electric Gas-Electric Convert

IHS Markit: US gasoline demand could be cut almost in half due to COVID-19

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2020

A sudden drop in miles traveled by car in the US triggered by wide-spread social isolation measures will have immediate ramifications for gasoline demand. IHS Markit analysis finds that US gasoline demand could fall by as much as 4.1 The four-week average US gasoline demand for the week ending 6 March 2020 was 9.1

Gasoline

Gasoline 2020 Gasoline-Electric 2008

DOE: all-electric vehicles have the lowest estimated average annual fuel cost of all light-duty vehicles

Nissan introduces new Townstar LCV in gasoline and electric versions

NREL, INL team assesses levelized cost of light-duty EV charging in US in 2019

Argonne report on characteristics of light-duty plug-in electric vehicles in US

Argonne study finds BEVs can have lowest scheduled maintenance costs, but highest cost of driving

Electric Vehicles Have the Lowest Annual Fuel Cost of All Light-Duty Vehicles

Electric Vehicles Have Lowest Annual Fuel Cost of All Light-Duty Vehicles

Every US EV costs less than $1,000 a year to fuel, according to federal estimates

EPA proposes stringent new emissions standards for light-, medium-, heavy-duty vehicles for MY 2027 and beyond

What is the cost of usable energy for driving and heating our homes?

US DRIVE releases comprehensive cradle-to-grave analysis of light-duty vehicle GHGs, cost of driving and cost of avoided GHGs

LiquidPiston awarded $9M contract from DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory for compact efficient heavy-fueled rotary engine program

Argonne releases new cradle-to-grave lifecycle analysis of US LDV vehicle-fuel pathways

Con Edison helping NYC drivers shift to EVs with more places to charge up

EPA to maintain light-duty vehicle GHG standards unchanged through 2025

Methanol Institute releases two reports on methanol as safe, efficient and clean fuel

Media Release: Plug’n Drive welcomes proposed discount electricity rate for EV chargers in Ontario

ComEd to replace all LDVs in fleet with electrified vehicles by 2030

UMTRI study finds total cost of ownership of diesels in US often much less than gasoline counterparts

CMU analysis finds BEVs powered with natural gas-based electricity have about 40% of the lifecycle GHGs of a conventional gasoline vehicle

EPA proposes leaving light-duty vehicle GHG standards for MY 2022-2025 unchanged

EIA: fuel economy improvements bring diminishing returns in fuel savings

New Zealand simplifies Road User Charges system, extends exemption for light electric motor vehicles from 2013 to 2020

OSRAM says automotive lighting trending to all-LED; particular benefits for electric vehicles

Yamato Transport and CJPT to study standardization and commercialization of cartridge batteries for battery swapping

DOE issues Request for Information on financing strategies for light-duty H2 fueling infrastructure

Gov’t, industry, national labs collaborate on comprehensive cradle-to-grave LCA study and economic assessment of LDV GHG reductions

President Biden calls on Congress, States for fuel tax holiday; increase in refinery capacity

Argonne study identifying fuel consumption penalties for CNG use in conventional light-duty vehicles; optimization pathways

Audi introduces new CNG A3 Sportback

Cummins introduces 5L V8 diesel for North American light- and medium-duty commercial vehicles

EPA finalizes greenhouse gas standards for LDVs MY 2023-2026

ICCT: decline in diesel sales will have negligible impact on attainment of European CO2 emission standards

Ninth annual Green Innovation Index finds California light-duty vehicle emissions spike; major challenge to 2030 climate goals

DOE awarding $71M to 20 RD&D projects to cut GHG emissions, expand EV infrastructure; $5M to Achates for opposed-piston 2-stroke hybrid

BNEF forecasts EVs to be 35% of global new car sales by 2040; cost of ownership below conventional-fuel vehicles by 2025

Harris AutoTECHCAST Study Finds US Vehicle Owners Currently Would Choose Lower-cost, Higher Fuel Economy Gasoline-Engined Vehicles Over Higher-Priced Alt Fuel Engines or Electric Vehicles

Study finds technology cost of achieving European 2020 LDV CO2 targets more than offset by resultant fuel savings

Cummins provides US Postal Service with 8 electric vans in California

EIA: light duty vehicle energy consumption to drop 25% by 2040; increased oil production, vehicle efficiency reduce US oil and liquid imports

Chrysler Group files S-1 for IPO; snapshot of R&D priorities; exploring a light-duty hydraulic hybrid

Tula Technology presents findings on its Dynamic Motor Drive at the 42nd International Vienna Motor Symposium

NREL report estimates gasoline produced from biomass could cost about the same as ethanol

IHS Markit: US gasoline demand could be cut almost in half due to COVID-19

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