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Researchers from the University of Michigan and McGill University in Canada report photochemical syngas synthesis using a core/shell Au@Cr 2 O 3 dual cocatalyst in coordination with multistacked InGaN/GaN nanowires (NWs) with the sole inputs of CO 2 , water, and solar light. under concentrated solar light illumination.
The SOLETAIR project ( earlier post ) has produced its first 200 liters of synthetic fuel from solar energy and the air’s carbon dioxide via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The mobile chemical pilot plant produces gasoline, diesel, and kerosene from regenerative hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The SOLETAIR project started in 2016.
Israel-based NewCO2Fuels (NCF), a subsidiary of GreenEarth Energy Limited in Australia, reported completion of stage 1 testing of its proof-of-concept system for the conversion of CO 2 into fuels using solar energy. Simultaneously, the same device can dissociate water (H 2 O) to hydrogen (H 2 ) and oxygen (O 2 ). Click to enlarge.
SOLAR-JET concentrated thermochemical reactor. The EU-funded SOLAR-JET project has demonstrated the production of aviation kerosene from concentrated sunlight, CO 2 captured from air, and water. The solar reactor consists of a cavity-receiver containing a porous monolithic ceria cylinder. Click to enlarge.
The device is based on an advanced ‘photosheet’ technology and converts sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and formic acid—a storable fuel that can be either be used directly or be converted into hydrogen. Additionally, they are exploring other catalysts for using on the device to get different solar fuels.
A research team has developed a new artificial photosynthesis device component with remarkable stability and longevity as it selectively converts sunlight and carbon dioxide into two promising sources of renewable fuels: ethylene and hydrogen. The device produced ethylene and hydrogen with unprecedented selectivity and for more than 24 hours.
The work, presented in a paper in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), offers a unique, highly efficient, and inexpensive route for solar fuels synthesis. The solar-powered catalyst is made from abundant materials and works in a configuration that could be mass-produced. 1 under air mass 1.5 —Zhou et al.
Mexico-based global construction materials company CEMEX is partnering with integrated chemicals and energy company Sasol ecoFT and renewable energy company ENERTRAG to combine CO 2 with hydrogen to produce sustainable aviation fuel. The consortium will source green hydrogen generated exclusively from wind and solar energy from ENERTRAG.
A team at George Washington University led by Professor Stuart Licht has simultaneously co-generated hydrogen and solid carbon fuels from water and CO 2 using a mixed hydroxide/carbonate electrolyte in a “single-pot” electrolytic synthesis at temperatures below 650 ?C. Earlier post , earlier post.) Earlier post , earlier post.) (In
Dr. Stuart Licht ( earlier post ) at George Washington University is developing a solar-driven process that, he says, could efficiently replace current industrial processes for the production of certain energetic molecules such as hydrogen, metals and chlorine, which are responsible for a large component of anthropogenic CO 2.
In those areas, we can use this technology to capture CO2 from the air and then combine that with the hydrogen generated from solar energy in order to produce liquid fuel. In addition to reducing carbon emissions, Yu believes this technology has the potential to generate clean energy in remote places or after natural disasters.
Left, global light-duty fleet in the electric-favoring case; right, the hydrogen-favoring case. In both electric- and hydrogen-favoring cases, availability of low-carbon electricity and hydrogen prolonged the use of petroleum-fueled ICE vehicles. Top, without CCS and CSP; bottom, with CCS and CSP. Credit: ACS, Wallington et al.
Toshiba Corporation has developed a new technology that uses solar energy directly to generate carbon compounds from carbon dioxide and water, and to deliver a viable chemical feedstock or fuel with potential for use in industry. Fuels Hydrogen Production SolarSolar fuels' Mechanism of the technology. Source: Toshiba.
An Israeli-Australian venture will use solar technology developed at Israel’s Weizmann Institute of Science to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of brown coal. which in 2011 acquired an exclusive worldwide license for the solar technology from Yeda, the Weizmann Institute’s technology transfer arm. NewCO2Fuels Ltd.
Starting in 2013, Audi will begin series production of TCNG models whose engines—derived from TFSI units—will be powered by e-gas: synthetic methane produced via the methanation of hydrogen produced by electrolysis using renewable electricity. achieving a neutral CO 2 balance across the entire mobility chain.
A hierarchical self-assembly photocatalytic system (left) mimics the natural photosynthesis apparatus of a purple bacteria, called Rhodobacter sphaeroides (right), achieving 15% solar-to-fuel efficiency when converting carbon dioxide into methane. 2023) “Artificial spherical chromatophore nanomicelles for selective CO2 reduction in water.”
Teams selected through the High-Performance Computing for Materials (HPC4Mtls) Program will use high-performance computing to bolster the domestic materials supply chain needed for energy applications, including reduced material costs or improved carbon capture for power plants or clean hydrogen. Solar Turbines. All Selectees.
Additionally, it can operate as a dispatchable load, which may match the intermittency of renewable sources such as wind and solar. Running reactions in a single step without the prerequisite of generating hydrogen—having the ability to run water directly—is a very novel platform.
The pilot plant is coupled to LUT’s solar power plant in Lappeenranta. Solar photovoltaic (PV) electricity is used as a renewable energy source in the Soletair system to produce electricity especially for the hydrogen production unit—the most energy intensive part in the system. Phase 2: Hydrogen production.
Recent breakthroughs in separations and catalysis, along with long-trend reductions in solar and wind electricity costs, have significantly increased the potential for cost-competitive renewable fuels from direct air capture (DAC) of CO 2. TW of combined solar and wind capacity for the United States alone will be required.
Partners of the P2X Kopernikus project on the premises of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) in Germany have demonstrated the production of fuel from air-captured CO2 using—for the first time—a container-based test facility integrating all four chemical process steps needed to implement a continuous process.
Synthetic fuel production from fuel-combustion-based energy and CO 2 (top) and from atmospheric CO 2 using solar electricity (bottom). That solar fuels offer the promise of solar energy storage—a key challenge in a world predominantly relying on renewables. Credit: ACS, van der Giesen et al. Click to enlarge.
Researchers from Soochow University in China and the University of Toronto have developed a new photocatalyst for the hydrogenation of CO 2 to methanol with 50% selectivity under simulated solar irradiation. The development of methanol synthesis from the hydrogenation of CO 2 is important for achieving a greener chemical industry.
Solar-driven thermochemical cycles offer a direct means of storing solar energy in the chemical bonds of energy-rich molecules. By utilizing a redox material such as ceria (CeO 2 ) as a reactive medium, STCs can produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide—i.e., syngas—from water and CO 2. —Lin et al.
The results show that electromethanogenesis can be used to convert electrical current produced from renewable energy sources (such as wind, solar, or biomass) into a biofuel (methane) as well as serving as a method for the capture of carbon dioxide. We actually find very little hydrogen in the gas phase in nature.
The NRL researchers presented their progress in hydrogenating CO 2 to jet fuel via a two-stage, high-yield and highly selective synthesis process. Robert Dorner and his colleagues are looking at converting CO 2 and hydrogen (both won from sea-water) over catalysts, using the CO 2 as a building block to form synthetic fuel.
Chemical reactor company INERATEC , a spinoff of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), and the Spanish company GAS NATURAL FENOSA have built a plant in Spain that produces synthetic natural gas from CO 2 and renewable hydrogen. sewage sludge. —Tim Böltken.
The process of methanol synthesis requires the input of pure carbon dioxide and hydrogen from water electrolysis, with the only by-product being oxygen and water. The production of green methanol requires a renewable carbon source from PCC’s silicon metal plant in Iceland and renewable power from Landsvirkjun´s power stations.
Furthermore, BASF supports the realization of large-scale Important Projects of Common European Interests (IPCEIs) White Dragon and Green HiPo (pending EU approval), through materials for power generation, hydrogen generation, and power storage. The MEA is the heart of the fuel cell, determining the overall system performance.
In Bonn, as global leaders gathered at COP 23, the Hydrogen Council coalition ( earlier post ) released a report developed with support from McKinsey quantifying the potential for hydrogen in the energy transition. The sooner we get the hydrogen economy going, the better, and we are all committed to making this a reality.
Many systems have successfully reduced carbon dioxide to chemical and fuel precursors, such as carbon monoxide or a mix of carbon monoxide and hydrogen known as syngas. Solar to chemical energy conversion could provide an alternative to mankind's unsustainable use of fossil fuels. —Gurudayal et al. to 1-sun illumination.
Hydrazine hydrate (N 2 H 4 •H 2 O) acted as the source of hydrogen and maintained the necessary reducing atmosphere. choosing hydrous hydrazine as the hydrogen source and electron donor to provide a reductive atmosphere for keeping the alloying effect. Carbon Capture and Conversion (CCC) Catalysts Fuels SolarSolar fuels'
This involves producing hydrogen by electrolysis, which can be used to operate future fuel cell vehicles. The hydrogen can also be used to produce methane in a second step of the process chain—i.e., Verbio AG has also been operating the first facility for producing biomethane exclusively from straw since February 2012.
Natural photosynthesis uses solar energy to recycle CO 2 (and H 2 O) into new plant life (biomass) and ultimately fuels (biofuels). In addition, the provision of hydrogen production, distribution and refuelling facilities will necessitate enormous investments for this completely new infrastructure base. Jiang et al. Click to enlarge.
Just as plants use solar energy to produce sugar, for example, from carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and water in several steps, artificial photosynthesis uses renewable energies to produce valuable chemicals from CO 2 and water through electrolysis with the help of bacteria.
While in the gas phase, only hydrogen was detected, but potential fuels such as methanol and ethanol were both detected in the solution for carbon dioxide-saturated samples. This opens up a new field of research into new applications for inexpensive, readily available organic semiconducting polymers within solar fuel cells.
Liquid Light’s core technology is centered on low-energy catalytic electrochemistry to convert CO 2 to chemicals, combined with hydrogenation and purification operations. Further, Liquid Light’s process can sequester carbon when using energy sources such as solar, hydro, wind or nuclear power.
million award from ARPA-E ( earlier post ), has developed a reactor and catalysts to convert CO 2 and hydrogen from water into syngas for use in the Fischer-Tropsch process. Dimensional has also received grants from the National Science Foundation and both the Department of Energy’s ARPA-e and Solar Energy Technology Office (SETO).
The new catalyst can be used in artificial photosynthesis powered by solar energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbon compounds. The remaining 20% of the current is consumed by converting hydrogen ions in the aqueous solution to hydrogen.
Further, according to Rystad Energy, Big Oil is expected to pump in $166B into new oil and gas ventures over the next five years, thus dwarfing the currently specified outlay of just $18B (less than 10% of capex) for solar and wind energy projects. Good case in point: Italian multinational oil and gas giant Eni S.p.A. 2 Total SA.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Arlington have demonstrated a new solar process for the one-step, gas-phase conversion of CO 2 and H 2 O to C 5+ liquid hydrocarbons and O 2 by operating the photocatalytic reaction at elevated temperatures and pressures. RWGS [2]. ( 2n +1)H 2 + n CO → C n H ( 2n+2 ) + n H 2 O.
Researchers at the National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), France, are studying a solar thermochemical process for the recycling and upgrading of CO 2 emissions for the production of synthetic fuels. The concentrated solar energy provides the requisite high temperature process heat. —Abanades and Chambon.
This approach, supported by the promoters of the Open Fuel Standard Act in the US, would oblige the car industry to put a substantial number of vehicles in the market, which can run on natural gas, hydrogen, biodiesel, methanol, as well as flexible fuel or plug-in electric drive vehicles, among others. —Methanol report. Goeppert, A.
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