Green Car Congress

JULY 12, 2013

Researchers at Environment Canada have found that vehicle exhaust is a significant source of isocyanic acid (HNCO), a toxic gaseous acid that is a product of various forms of combustion and a potential health concern. Automobile exhaust is also a known source of inorganic acids such as nitric (HNO 3 ) and nitrous (HONO) acids.

Exhaust 207

Exhaust Canada Environment Emissions 207

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2014

In addition, the inhomogeneity of the fuel mixture under stratified operation in GDI engines during the compression stroke tends to contribute to higher particulate emissions compared to the exhaust emissions from traditional PFI engines. Ford Focus wall-guided, stoichiometric GDI vehicle (GDI#2) and a 2013 2.0L

Environment 230

Environment Exhaust Gasoline Canada 230

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2013

The Accord plug-in hybrid has an all-electric range of 13 miles (21 km); charge depleting (EV mode) combined fuel economy of 115 MPGe; charge sustaining (hybrid mode) combined fuel economy of 46 MPGe; and meets California LEV3-SULEV20 emissions standards. Valve train (exhaust). Fuel injection type.

Honda 296

Honda Plug-in Plug Hybrid 296

Green Car Congress

JUNE 29, 2013

Rolf Reitz of the University of Wisconsin found that reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) ( earlier post ) in a light-duty engine can meet Tier 2 Bin 5 NO x levels without aftertreatment, while offering a 4% improvement in fuel consumption and 7.3% Earlier post.). —Kokjohn and Reitz. Sage L Kokjohn and Rolf D.

Light 207

Light Engine Wisconsin Fuel Economy 207

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 5, 2015

Comparison of DSF fuel economy gains and costs with competing technologies, from Tula’s 2013 SAE paper. In 2012, GM Ventures made an equity investment in Tula; in 2013, Tula engineers presented a paper on their technology at the 2013 SAE World Congress. Engines 6(1):278-288 doi: 10.4271/2013-01-0359.

GM 150

GM Engine Fuel Fuel Economy 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 30, 2015

In independent tests, DSF has improved fuel efficiency by up to 17% as measured on a CAFE basis when compared to a vehicle (V8 engine) that does not have cylinder deactivation. Comparison of DSF fuel economy gains and costs with competing technologies. 2013) Click to enlarge. Wilcutts et al. Serrano et al. Younkins, M.,

2015 150

2015 Fuel Economy 2013 2014 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2016

One response by automakers to increasingly stringent fuel economy requirements is the use of GDI engines, which offer up to a 25% improvement in fuel economy compared to port fuel injection (PFI) engines. —Zimmerman et al. Naomi Zimmerman, Jonathan M. Healy, Kelly Sabaliauskas, James S.

Environment 150

Environment Emissions Exhaust 2014 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2013

will serve customers in the United States and Canada, and will be certified to US EPA 2013 NO x and PM emissions levels. At launch, it will also meet greenhouse gas (GHG) requirements through 2016, and 2015 California Air Resources Board (ARB) standards, including on-board diagnostics. Like the new 5.0L Cummins ISV5.0 Cummins ISV5.0

Diesel 247

Diesel Light Commercial Vehicles 247

Green Car Congress

APRIL 19, 2013

A study by a team from Ford Motor Company and AVL has concluded that a mid-level ethanol blend—greater than E20 but less than E40—appears to be attractive as a long-term future fuel for the US for use in engines optimized for the higher octane blend. Volumetric fuel economy. Reduced enrichment. —Stein et al.

Engine 253

Engine Fuel Ford Future 253

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 20, 2013

A team at Monsanto and colleagues at AVL Powertrain have successfully designed and demonstrated an onboard low-temperature ethanol reformer that can be driven by exhaust heat. A paper on their work is published in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. Click to enlarge. Unlike high-temperature reforming, supplementary water is not required.

Fuel Economy 230

Fuel Economy Exhaust Economy Fuel 230

Green Car Congress

APRIL 26, 2014

The CO 2 standards in EPA’s GHG program and the related compliance values in the report are different than CO 2 values reported in EPA’s “Trends” report or on new vehicle fuel economy labels. Trends” and fuel economy values are adjusted to reflect EPA’s best estimate of results from real-world driving. Click to enlarge.

Standards 231

Standards EPA Gas 2012 231

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 21, 2012

The new ISX12 G is currently in field trials with production expected to commence in early 2013. The ISX12 G will operate exclusively on natural gas (CNG or LNG) utilizing Cummins Westport’s proprietary spark-ignited, stoichiometric combustion with cooled exhaust gas recirculation (SEGR) technology, first introduced with the 8.9

Gas 225

Gas Engine Fuel Economy North America 225

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2013

The Berkeley team took a fuel-based approach to the study—i.e., measuring on-road vehicle activity by fuel consumed rather than distance traveled, and expressing emission factors per unit of fuel burned. Among their findings were that: Despite increases in fuel use of ?10?40%, McDonald, Drew R. Gentner, Allen H.

Emissions 247

Emissions Los Angeles Motor Motors 247

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2013

The chemistry of a fuel impacts the emissions from an engine, with the most obvious example being unburned or partially burned fuel which is a major component of engine exhaust. Engine-out exhaust contains typically 1?3% 3% unburned or partially burned organic fuel components. Emissions Engines Ethanol Fuels'

Emissions 294

Emissions Ford Exhaust Engine 294

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 16, 2013

Schematic diagram of test vehicle engine & exhaust system and PM sampling systems. Fuel injectors were side-mounted. The standard exhaust system included close-coupled catalysts on each engine bank to assist with fast light-off and a common underbody catalyst after the two exhaust streams merge. Resources.

Standards 246

Standards Emissions Miles Engine 246

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2014

With stagnating demand for gasoline due to rising fuel economy in the nation’s fleet and other factors, further increases to US ethanol consumption would require the use of higher blends of ethanol, either in conventional vehicles or in flex-fuel vehicles (FFVs) designed to tolerate blends of up to 85% ethanol (E85).

Gasoline 230

Gasoline Exhaust Water Fuel 230

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2014

The original project target was Tier 2 Bin 2 emissions, but in August 2013, it was agreed to shift that to the Tier 3 target—essentially the same with combined NO x and NMOG emissions, but more strict with CO and PM. Installed in a 2013 Fusion. Split, parallel, cross-flow cooling with integrated exhaust manifold.

Fuel Economy 247

Fuel Economy Ford Economy Engine 247

Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2013

At the recent 2013 SAE World Congress, engineers from Bosch and AVL presented papers on progress in the ACCESS project, describing the design, combustion development and controls development for a resulting 4-cylinder gasoline turbocharged direct injection (GTDI) engine with part-load HCCI capability. Engines 6(1)doi: 10.4271/2013-01-0287.

Fuel Economy 278

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Engine 278

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 6, 2014

The DOE’s ALCC’s mission is to allocate supercomputer time for projects of interest to the Department of Energy (DOE) with an emphasis on high-risk, high-payoff simulations in areas directly related to the DOE mission and for broadening the community of researchers capable of using leadership computing resources. Resources.

Engine 335

Engine GM Ford 2014 335

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2014

General project targets were to deliver diesel-like or better fuel economy using E10 gasoline (RON91), and to achieve low engine-out NO x and PM using low temperature combustion, the intention being to avoid the cost of aftertreatment for NO x and PM, in addition to meeting more stringent standards. —Sellnau et al. kWh and FSN 0.1,

Gasoline 304

Gasoline Engine Fuel Wisconsin 304

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2013

Dedicated ethanol (or E85) engines have the promise to improve efficiency substantially over comparable regular gasoline engines through direct-injection, increased geometric CR, variable valve timing, exhaust gas recirculation, aggressive turbocharging, and downsizing and/or downspeeding. Xiaoyu Yan, Oliver R. Inderwildi, David A.

Fuel 210

Fuel Energy Gasoline-Electric Gasoline 210

Green Car Congress

MAY 10, 2013

Fuel economy targets for the vehicle are 22.4 At the recent 2103 SAE World Congress, Cummins discussed key engine technology enablers—including air-handling, fuel system, and base engine design— and development of the combustion system that will help in achieving the target emission levels and fuel economy.

Light 319

Light Diesel Fuel Fuel Economy 319

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2013

In a paper presented at the 2013 SAE World Congress, a team from the University of Wisconsin reported a gross indicated thermal efficiency of Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) operation of near 60%, given optimized combustion management and thermodynamic conditions. Engines Fuel Efficiency Low Temperature Combustion'

Wisconsin 309

Wisconsin Congress 2013 Fuel 309

Green Car Congress

APRIL 24, 2012

Pinnacle has signed a licensing and joint development agreement with a major, as yet unnamed, Asian vehicle OEM, with lower power products targeted for two- and three-wheel applications in the developing country markets expected to be available in the first quarter of 2013. Pinnacle Engines’ 4-stroke opposed-piston engine. Click to enlarge.

Light 304

Light Fuel Economy Engine Fuel 304

Green Car Congress

APRIL 12, 2013

Simulated fuel economy for 1.8L GDCI showed a predicted fuel economy improvement of 65%, 28%, and 28% for the FTP City, Highway, and US06 cycles, respectively, for a combined FE improvement of 50%. Vehicle simulations for various drive cycles predicted very good fuel economy for all city and highway modes.

Gasoline 312

Gasoline Engine Concept Fuel Economy 312

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2011

The company has signed a licensing and joint development agreement with a major, as yet unnamed, Asian vehicle OEM, with products expected to be available in the first quarter of 2013. The Pinnacle engine using a sliding sleeve valve system: intake liner, exhaust liner, spark plug in the middle. a Pinnacle Engines development partner.

Engine 218

Engine 2013 Market Vehicles 218

Green Car Congress

MAY 4, 2015

While piston generators rely on catalytic converters to reduce their emissions by 10x to meet ever-increasing California Air Resources Board standards, the Fulcrum turbine generator is so much cleaner, that it meets emissions standards without adding to its weight and complexity. In other words, fuel economy is a significant problem.

Range 150

Range Extended Range Gas-Electric Electric 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2017

liter compression-ignition OPE will will be 30-50% more fuel efficient than comparable diesel and gasoline direct injection engines, reduce emissions and cost less than alternative technologies under development for meeting 2025 CAFE fuel economy and Tier 3 emission targets. Earlier post.). The Achates 2.7-liter

Light 150

Light Engine Power Powered 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 25, 2015

Cruze sales in the US in 2014 were 273,060 units —a 10% increase over 2013. turbo is SAE-certified at 113 kW (153 hp) and 240 N·m of torque (177 lb-ft), using regular unleaded fuel (RON 91). Dual-overhead-cam cylinder head with integrated exhaust manifold saves weight to enhance performance and efficiency.

Chevrolet 150

Chevrolet Diesel 2017 Oil-Sands 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2014

Why not rely on the order of May 2013, which identifies the vehicles in the fleet, according to their levels of emissions, for the implementation of the traffic restriction project in the capital? European regulations reduced pollutant emissions from diesel vehicles to those of gasoline vehicles. London, Berlin.) Earlier post.)

Diesel 247

Diesel Fleet Pollution Europe 247

Green Car Congress

MARCH 20, 2013

Variable valve timing is an established technique for improving the fuel economy of a gasoline engine via several mechanisms. The cylinder head included a prototype mechanical variable valvetrain assembly, fitted to both the inlet and exhaust. The system is an evolution of MAHLE’s Variable Lift and Duration (VLD) mechanism.

Gasoline 225

Gasoline Exhaust Downsizing Engine 225

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 8, 2013

Naphtha, suggest the researchers who are investigating its use, could prove a useful transportation fuel for several reasons: one, cost and availability; and two, as a useful enabling fuel for advanced combustion regimes. This could lead to further benefits in fuel economy by reducing the frequency of regen. Fuel economy.

Gasoline 207

Gasoline Fuel Range Diesel 207

Green Car Congress

APRIL 23, 2015

A GM analysis of vehicle data collected from first generation found that Volt vehicles were driven more than half a billion miles in North America from October 2013 through September 2014, and that 74% of the miles were all-electric. (A Increased charge sustaining fuel economy. Improved performance. —Jocsak et al.

Volt 150

Volt GM 2016 Extended Range 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2014

There were 152,995 total retail fueling (gasoline and diesel) sites in the United States in 2013, according to the National Petroleum News ’ MarketFacts 2013. The intake ports that feed the combustion chambers, as well as the D-shaped exhaust ports, are designed for excellent high-rpm airflow. Click to enlarge.

Silverado 247

Silverado Chevrolet Fuel Gasoline-Electric 247

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2015

For example, fuel economy statistics and a graphic display of the electric range is shown on the navigation map. The driver can program times for charging as well as preheating or cooling and adapt them to his or her requirements, such as departure time, so as to save resources and costs. lb-ft) per liter of displacement.

Audi 150

Audi PHEV Diesel Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 20, 2009

As part of an aggressive deployment strategy for improving fuel efficiency across its product line-up in the near-to medium-term, Ford will offer its first-generation turbocharged, gasoline direct-injection EcoBoost engines ( earlier post ) in 90% of its product lineup by 2013. Gains in new vehicle fleet economy by OEM, 2004-2009.

Fuel Economy 186

Fuel Economy Economy Ford Downsizing 186