Gas, Oil-Sands, Transportation and Water

Pitt engineers using membrane distillation to recycle water used in fracking and drilling

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2022

Engineers at the University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering are using membrane distillation technology to enable drillers to filter and reuse the produced water in the oil and gas industry, in agriculture, and other beneficial uses. The team is back in the lab to find a fix. Desalination. doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2021.115513.

Water

Water North Dakota Oil-Sands Engine

Researcher urges more effort on assessment of land and water impacts of oil sands production; reference point for other unconventional fuels

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2012

Bitumen production from the Canadian oil sands provides a point of reference that could be used to observe and better manage the land and water impacts of a rapid transition to unconventional fuels, suggests Dr. Sarah Jordaan of the Energy Technology Innovation Policy Research Group, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Water Oil Fuel

Univ. of Calgary team developing nanocatalysts for underground upgrading of heavy oil and bitumen; possible “next generation” of oil sands production

Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2013

Researchers at the University of Calgary are developing ultra-dispersed (UD) nanocatalysts for the in situ upgrading of heavy oil and bitumen from deep reservoirs. One of the challenges of such an approach is the placement of the catalyst deep into the heavy oil plume by transporting a catalyst suspension through the sand medium.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Oil Production Hydrogen

Oil sands GHG lifecycle study using operating data finds lower emitting oil sands cases outperform higher emitting conventional crude cases; a call for more sophisticated tools and reporting

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2012

Well-to-wheel (WTW) greenhouse gas emissions for in situ SAGD and surface mining pathways generated employing GHOST/TIAX/ GHGenius combination and comparison with SAGD, mining and conventional crude oil literature pathways (all results are on a HHV basis). 74% of WTW emissions in our oil sands pathways. Click to enlarge.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Oil Gas-Electric Emissions

Consortium completes successful test of new oil sands recovery process using electromagnetic heating technology

Green Car Congress

JUNE 12, 2012

A technology and energy production consortium has successfully completed initial proof-of-concept testing of a novel oil sands extraction method that has the potential to improve environmental performance and reduce development costs. The consortium of Laricina Energy, Nexen Inc., Approximately 1.6

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Oil Water Climate Change

GE providing produced water handling systems to Blackgold Oil Sands Project; new solidification process for disposal of SAGD waste

Green Car Congress

JUNE 28, 2011

GS Engineering & Construction (GS E&C) has selected GE to supply the produced water evaporation and zero liquid discharge (ZLD) system for the Blackgold Oil Sands project, located near Conklin, Alberta. Blackgold is owned and operated by a subsidiary of the Korean National Oil Corp.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Waste Oil Water

Sustainable Development Canada Awards C$6M to Project to Reduce Water and Energy Consumption for Oil Sands Processing; Three Other Projects Supported to Reduce Energy and Environmental Impact of Oil Sands

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 11, 2009

SOLVE adds a solvent to the steam in SAGD (basic operation depicted above) to reduce energy input and water consumption. The production well extracts the bitumen to surface heavy oil production facilities. SAGD is the predominant in-situ recovery method currently used in Canada’s oil sands. Source: StatoilHydro.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Oil Water Canada

Understanding the variability of GHG life cycle studies of oil sands production

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 6, 2012

In a paper published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology , Stanford University assistant professor Adam Brandt reviews a number of recent life cycle assessment (LCA) studies calculating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from oil sands extraction, upgrading, and refining pathways—the results of which vary considerably.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Oil Production Emissions

New study finds GHG emissions from palm oil production significantly underestimated; palm oil biofuels could be more climate-damaging than oil sands fuels

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2012

The majority (62%) of the plantations were located on the island of Sumatra, and more than two-thirds (69%) of all industrial plantations were developed for oil palm cultivation, with the remainder mostly being Acacia plantations for paper pulp production. —Miettinen et al. Earlier post.).

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Climate

First production from Imperial’s Kearl oil sands project; “about the same” lifecycle GHGs as average of crudes consumed in US

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2013

Imperial Oil Limited has begun the initial development of the Kearl oil sands project ( earlier post ), which incorporates technology innovations to enhance environmental performance. Kearl will be the first oil sands mining operation that does not require an upgrader to make a saleable crude oil.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Oil Production Water

Report finds diluted oil sands bitumen not more corrosive than comparable heavy crude in pipelines

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 26, 2013

Transmitting oil sands production. Synthetic crude is produced by upgrading bitumen and is a blend of naphtha, distillate and gas oil range materials produced by hydrotreating the naphtha, distillate and gas oil generated in a delayed coking unit.).

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Oil Water International

Shell moves ahead with 80,000 barrel per day Carmon Creek oil sands project

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 1, 2013

Royal Dutch Shell plc will proceed with its Carmon Creek project in Alberta, Canada, expected to produce up to 80,000 barrels of oil per day. Once the project is up and running the aim is to virtually eliminate the need for freshwater use for steam generation through recycling of water produced with the oil.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Oil North America Water

State Department releases final environmental impact statement on Keystone XL Pipeline Project; analysis of GHG emissions

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 26, 2011

Comparison of the percent differential for WTW (well-to-wheel) GHGs from gasoline produced from WCSB oil sands using different production processes relative to gasoline produced from reference crudes. Source: FEIS, Appendix V. Click to enlarge.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Emissions Oil Oklahoma

State Department issues Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement on Keystone XL Pipeline: climate change impacts

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2013

The US Department of State (DOS) has released its Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS) in response to TransCanada’s May 2012 application for the Keystone XL pipeline that would run from Canada’s oils sands in Alberta to Nebraska. The pipeline would primarily transport crude oil from the WCSB and Bakken regions.

Climate Change

Climate Change Oil-Sands Nebraska Climate

Canada awards C$10M to N-Solv to demonstrate solvent-based in-situ bitumen extraction technology; targeting 85% reduction in GHG compared to SAGD with no consumption of process water

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2011

to support the demonstration of its Bitumen Extraction Solvent Technology (BEST), a low-temperature, primary, in-situ technology to produce the bitumen in oil sands reserves using a pure, condensing solvent. Other members of the consortium are oil sands producer Suncor Energy Inc. Canada is awarding C$10M (US$10.5

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Canada Water Oil

Critical review finds actual measurement data on segments of natural gas lifecycle sparse or lacking

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2014

After a critical review of the literature on the air impacts of increased natural gas acquisition, processing, and use, a team of US researchers has determined that that actual measurement data on various individual segments of the natural gas life cycle are sparse or critically lacking. well production end-of-life.

Gas

Gas Oil-Sands Emissions Oil

UT Austin to lead $58M study of methane hydrate in Gulf of Mexico; $41M from DOE

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2014

Methane hydrate—natural gas trapped in an ice-like cage of water molecules—occurs in both terrestrial and marine environments. Prior programs in Alaska have explored gas hydrate reservoir potential and alternative production strategies, and additional testing programs are in development.

Mexico

Mexico Austin Oil-Sands Mariner

Argonne study finds shale gas GHG lifecycle emissions 6% lower than natural gas, 23% lower than gasoline and 33% lower than coal; upstream methane leakage a key contributor

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 18, 2011

Gasoline section shows results for fuel derived from both conventional oil and oil sands. However, the range in values for shale and conventional gas overlap, so there is a statistical uncertainty whether shale gas emissions are actually lower than those of conventional natural gas. Click to enlarge.

Gas

Gas Coal Emissions Gasoline

Argonne releases latest updates to GREET life-cycle analysis models

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 3, 2015

GREET (The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation Model) is a full life-cycle model used to evaluate and compare the environmental impacts of new transportation fuels and advanced vehicle technologies. Shale oil: developed energy and GHG emissions intensities of U.S.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Li-ion Fuel Economy Waste

IHS Markit: US oil producers to halt 1.75 MMb/d per day of production; Canada to cut 0.5 MMb/d

Green Car Congress

MAY 22, 2020

Due to the collapse in oil prices, IHS Markit expects US producers are in the process of curtailing about 1.75 The oil market fear that characterized March and the extreme price pressure that producers felt in April have galvanized producers across North America into unprecedented action. However, nearly 1.4

Oil

Oil Canada Oil-Sands Production

ExxonMobil Outlook: 35% growth in energy demand by 2040; hybrids to account for ~50% of new vehicle sales

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2013

ExxonMobil projects that meeting future energy demand will be supported by more efficient energy-saving practices and technologies; increased use of less-carbon-intensive fuels such as natural gas, nuclear and renewables; as well as the continued development of technology advances to develop new energy sources. Transportation.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Energy Hybrid Sale

Ceramatec licensing molten sodium technology for heavy oil upgrading; removing the need for diluent for bitumen

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2013

An innovative oil-upgrading technology that can increase the economics of unconventional petroleum resources has been developed under a US Department of Energy-funded project. In the case of oil sands bitumen, the API gravity is increased from 8 API to more than 20 API, eliminating the need for diluent for pipeline transportation.

Sodium

Sodium Oil-Sands Oil Molten Salt

TransCanada to proceed with $12B, 1.1M barrel/day Energy East oil pipeline project to Eastern Canada

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 1, 2013

The conclusion of the successful open season confirmed strong market support for a pipeline with approximately 900,000 bbl/d of firm, long-term contracts to transport crude oil from the oil sands area in Western Canada to Eastern Canadian refineries and export terminals.

Canada

Canada Oil Oil-Sands Energy

Harvard Kennedy School researcher forecasts sharp increase in world oil production capacity and risk of price collapse

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2012

World oil production capacity to 2020 (crude oil and NGLs, excluding biofuels). Oil production capacity is surging in the United States and several other countries at such a fast pace that global oil output capacity could grow by nearly 20% from the current 93 million barrels per day to 110.6 Source: Maugeri 2012.

Oil

Oil Oil-Sands Price Production

Mercedes-AMG 2L, turbo four-cylinder pushes out up to 421 hp, 500 Nm

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2019

The aim is to prevent the individual cylinders from influencing each other negatively during load cycles, and to improve the gas cycle. Fresh air is used in addition to oil and water to cool the turbocharger. Thanks to its good thermal conductivity, the water-cooled mould allows rapid cooling and solidification of the melt.

Mercedes

Mercedes Exhaust Oil-Sands Engine

Joint Review Panel Gives Go-Ahead to Mackenzie Gas Project in Canada

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 4, 2010

The parties proposing to develop the Mackenzie Gas Project are: Imperial Oil Resources Limited (IORL); Imperial Oil Resources Ventures Limited (IORVL); Shell Canada Limited as managing partner of Shell Canada Energy; ConocoPhillips Canada (North) Limited and ConocoPhillips Northern Partnership; ExxonMobil Canada Properties; and.

Canada

Canada Gas Oil-Sands Climate Change

BP announces significant resource extension of Mad Dog Field in deepwater Gulf Of Mexico; total hydrocarbons estimated at up to 4B barrels of oil equivalent

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 7, 2011

Pending confirmation through future appraisal drilling, the total hydrocarbons initially in place in the Mad Dog field complex are now estimated to be up to four billion barrels of oil equivalent. in about 4,500 feet (1,371 meters) of water. —Bob Dudley, BP group chief executive. BHP Billiton has a 23.9%

Mexico

Mexico Oil Oil-Sands Chevron

Stanford, UC Santa Cruz study explores ramifications of demand-driven peak to conventional oil

Green Car Congress

JULY 2, 2013

In contrast to arguments that peak conventional oil production is imminent due to physical resource scarcity, a team from Stanford University and UC Santa Cruz has examined the alternative possibility of reduced oil use due to improved efficiency and oil substitution. 2010, to above 140 $/bbl in constant 2010 dollars).

Oil

Oil Oil-Sands Fuel Economy Transportation

PHEV's and Water Consumption

Plug In Partners

APRIL 2, 2008

However, this story on water consumption seems to be more than just natural clever shaping, it seems seriously wrong. Water Supply, Researcher Says By Jennifer Bogo Popular Mechanics March 7, 2008 "A 30-mile commute in a gasoline-powered car would require the withdrawal of 18.9 Here is the story and the claims.

Water

Water PHEV Saudi Arabia Oil-Sands

Smith School lifecycle study highlights importance for algae-derived biodiesel of co-product utilization and optimizing and decarbonizing every step of the supply chain

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 17, 2011

However, biodiesel from advanced biomass has an inherent environmental advantage of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduction that can be realized once every step of the production chain is fully optimized and decarbonized, the researchers said. Currently, algae-derived-biodiesel is up to 2.5 tons/ha/year). They noted that an EBR of 1.2

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Production Grid Saudi Arabia

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

On-road transportation accounts for approximately 20% of United States energy consumption. Such information is generally not relevant for long-lived GHGs or for fossil fuel depletion, which together have received overwhelming attention among extant LCAs of transportation fuels. Associated tailpipe emissions alone account for 40?60%

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution

Perspective: Drive Star Conversion Program Could Cut US Oil Use in Half by 2020

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2010

In a pre-response to that speech, having successfully advocated for plug-in hybrids like the forthcoming Chevy Volt, we propose that the President follow that speech up with a “realistic and conservative” roadmap to halve our oil use in 10 years. Oil is holding us all hostage, economically and physically. Finally, it’s time to begin.

Oil

Oil Conversion 2020 Oil-Sands

NABC pursuing 2 refinery insertion points for finished advanced biomass fuel production

Green Car Congress

JUNE 19, 2011

NABC is a partnership of 17 industry, national laboratory, and university members that is developing technologies to convert lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks to biofuels that are compatible with the existing transportation infrastructure. Earlier post. This initial run showed clear deoxygenation activity relative to thermal pyrolysis.

Production

Production Fuel Oil-Sands Oil

EPA draft assessment finds no widespread, systemic impacts to drinking water resources from fracking

Green Car Congress

JUNE 5, 2015

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released a draft assessment on the potential impacts of hydraulic fracturing activities on drinking water resources in the United States. The stages of the hydraulic fracturing water cycle. Source: EPA. Click to enlarge.

Water

Water EPA Oil-Sands Oil

Car Companies Standardize Plug for Electric Vehicles : Gas 2.0

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

Write For GO About Advertise Contact Login Explore GO Media: News & Opinion Family & Lifestyle Business & Technology Gas 2.0 » See also: 9 Electric Cars 100 Years Old or More » Get Gas 2.0 Sign Up for the Green Options Newsletter Follow us on Twitter Subscribe via email Resources Write for Gas 2.0

Gas-Electric

Gas-Electric Standards Plug Gas

New open-source lifecycle analysis tool for oil production using field characteristics

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2013

A team from Stanford University and the California Air Resources Board (ARB) has developed a new open-source lifecycle analysis (LCA) tool for modeling the greenhouse gas emissions of oil and gas production using characteristics of specific fields and associated production pathways. —El-Houjeiri et al.

Oil

Oil Oil-Sands Production Emissions

MIT Battery Breakthrough Could Revolutionize Electric Cars : Gas 2.0

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 21, 2009

Write For GO About Advertise Contact Login Explore GO Media: News & Opinion Family & Lifestyle Business & Technology Gas 2.0 digs into the viscous world of biofuels and the fast-paced transit arena, exploring the technologies and substances that are the future of transportation. About Gas 2.0 About Gas 2.0

MIT

MIT Gas-Electric Gas Electric Cars

Peabody Energy and GreatPoint Energy To Partner on Coal-to-Gas and Coal-to-Hydrogen Facilities with Carbon Capture and Storage

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 19, 2010

Peabody Energy and GreatPoint Energy signed an agreement to pursue development of coal-to-gas and coal-to-hydrogen projects in the United States and around the world with carbon capture and storage (CCS) that would achieve near-zero carbon emissions, while increasing the production of stranded oil via enhanced oil recovery.

Coal

Coal Carbon Gas Energy

Devil in the Details: World Leaders Scramble To Salvage and Shape Copenhagens UNFCCC Climate Summit

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2009

At issue is the 2012 expiration of the Kyoto Protocol, a binding but effectively unenforceable 1997 treaty that had set greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets for 40 industrialized countries, referred to as Annex 1 countries, yielding an average GHG reduction of 5.2%

Climate

Climate Climate Change 2009 Emissions

VW introducing 1.8L EA888 Gen 3 engine in 2014 Jetta, Passat and Beetle; driving impressions

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2013

Designed to be lighter and more efficient, the new EA888 Gen 3 turbocharged and direct-injection four-cylinder powerplant features a number of refinements, including a novel cylinder-head-integrated exhaust manifold with exhaust gas cooling. enriching the air/fuel mixture at high loads—for cooling the exhaust gas. liter engine.

2014

2014 Engine Exhaust Fuel Economy

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2009

A new report from the National Research Council examines and, when possible, estimates, “hidden” costs of energy production and use—such as the damage air pollution imposes on human health—that are not reflected in market prices of coal, oil, other energy sources, or the electricity and gasoline produced from them. of the estimated total.

2005

2005 Cost Of Energy Coal

Argonne releases GREET 2014 lifecycle analysis software; unified graphical toolbox and database

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 8, 2014

The GREET (The Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and Energy Use in Transportation Model) team at Argonne National Laboratory has released a new version of the widely used GREET lifecycle analysis tool, GREET 2014. Added water consumptions for the major pathways as an additional life-cycle analysis metric.

2014

2014 Oil-Sands Emissions Carbon

MIT study cautions smaller nations on rushing to develop their natural gas resources; Cyprus as model

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 27, 2013

Based on the interim results of a new study, MIT researchers are warning smaller nations to proceed with caution in pursuing the development of their natural gas resources. The interim report analyzed the economics of natural gas project development options in Cyprus with a focus on exports. (The Click to enlarge. Background.

Cyprus

Cyprus MIT Gas Gas-Electric

Cleantech Blog: Smart Grids and Electric Vehicles

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 16, 2009

Find investors, resumes, and free research Get Cleantech Blog in your email Enter your email address: Subscribe in a reader Join us on Linked In Follow us on Twitter Join us on Facebook GHGBlog.com - The Greenhouse Gas Blog Loading. A Perfect Storm for Water Counting Calories and Counting Carbon: The Role of. Then we are done!

Grid

Grid Electric Vehicles Vehicles Oil-Sands

Pitt engineers using membrane distillation to recycle water used in fracking and drilling

Researcher urges more effort on assessment of land and water impacts of oil sands production; reference point for other unconventional fuels

Univ. of Calgary team developing nanocatalysts for underground upgrading of heavy oil and bitumen; possible “next generation” of oil sands production

Oil sands GHG lifecycle study using operating data finds lower emitting oil sands cases outperform higher emitting conventional crude cases; a call for more sophisticated tools and reporting

Consortium completes successful test of new oil sands recovery process using electromagnetic heating technology

GE providing produced water handling systems to Blackgold Oil Sands Project; new solidification process for disposal of SAGD waste

Sustainable Development Canada Awards C$6M to Project to Reduce Water and Energy Consumption for Oil Sands Processing; Three Other Projects Supported to Reduce Energy and Environmental Impact of Oil Sands

Understanding the variability of GHG life cycle studies of oil sands production

New study finds GHG emissions from palm oil production significantly underestimated; palm oil biofuels could be more climate-damaging than oil sands fuels

First production from Imperial’s Kearl oil sands project; “about the same” lifecycle GHGs as average of crudes consumed in US

Report finds diluted oil sands bitumen not more corrosive than comparable heavy crude in pipelines

Shell moves ahead with 80,000 barrel per day Carmon Creek oil sands project

State Department releases final environmental impact statement on Keystone XL Pipeline Project; analysis of GHG emissions

State Department issues Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement on Keystone XL Pipeline: climate change impacts

Canada awards C$10M to N-Solv to demonstrate solvent-based in-situ bitumen extraction technology; targeting 85% reduction in GHG compared to SAGD with no consumption of process water

Critical review finds actual measurement data on segments of natural gas lifecycle sparse or lacking

UT Austin to lead $58M study of methane hydrate in Gulf of Mexico; $41M from DOE

Argonne study finds shale gas GHG lifecycle emissions 6% lower than natural gas, 23% lower than gasoline and 33% lower than coal; upstream methane leakage a key contributor

Argonne releases latest updates to GREET life-cycle analysis models

IHS Markit: US oil producers to halt 1.75 MMb/d per day of production; Canada to cut 0.5 MMb/d

ExxonMobil Outlook: 35% growth in energy demand by 2040; hybrids to account for ~50% of new vehicle sales

Ceramatec licensing molten sodium technology for heavy oil upgrading; removing the need for diluent for bitumen

TransCanada to proceed with $12B, 1.1M barrel/day Energy East oil pipeline project to Eastern Canada

Harvard Kennedy School researcher forecasts sharp increase in world oil production capacity and risk of price collapse

Mercedes-AMG 2L, turbo four-cylinder pushes out up to 421 hp, 500 Nm

Joint Review Panel Gives Go-Ahead to Mackenzie Gas Project in Canada

BP announces significant resource extension of Mad Dog Field in deepwater Gulf Of Mexico; total hydrocarbons estimated at up to 4B barrels of oil equivalent

Stanford, UC Santa Cruz study explores ramifications of demand-driven peak to conventional oil

PHEV's and Water Consumption

Smith School lifecycle study highlights importance for algae-derived biodiesel of co-product utilization and optimizing and decarbonizing every step of the supply chain

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

Perspective: Drive Star Conversion Program Could Cut US Oil Use in Half by 2020

NABC pursuing 2 refinery insertion points for finished advanced biomass fuel production

EPA draft assessment finds no widespread, systemic impacts to drinking water resources from fracking

Car Companies Standardize Plug for Electric Vehicles : Gas 2.0

New open-source lifecycle analysis tool for oil production using field characteristics

MIT Battery Breakthrough Could Revolutionize Electric Cars : Gas 2.0

Peabody Energy and GreatPoint Energy To Partner on Coal-to-Gas and Coal-to-Hydrogen Facilities with Carbon Capture and Storage

Devil in the Details: World Leaders Scramble To Salvage and Shape Copenhagens UNFCCC Climate Summit

VW introducing 1.8L EA888 Gen 3 engine in 2014 Jetta, Passat and Beetle; driving impressions

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

Argonne releases GREET 2014 lifecycle analysis software; unified graphical toolbox and database

MIT study cautions smaller nations on rushing to develop their natural gas resources; Cyprus as model

Cleantech Blog: Smart Grids and Electric Vehicles

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