Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2021

If a ban were introduced on the sale of new gasoline and diesel cars, and they were replaced by electric cars, the result would be a significant reduction in lifecycle carbon dioxide emissions primarily due to reduced tailpipe CO 2 emissions, according to a new lifecycle study by researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden.

Emissions 259

Emissions Carbon Manufacturer Sale 259

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 24, 2016

A research team from Empa (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology) and the University of Applied Sciences Bern, Laboratory for Exhaust Emission Control, reports that ethanol blending appeared to reduce genotoxic emissions from a flex-fuel Euro-5 gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicle (a Volvo V60 with a 1.6

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Emissions Exhaust Vehicles 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 22, 2017

The findings of a study by researchers at Carnegie Mellon University, with colleagues at UC Berkeley, suggest that changing atmospheric NO x levels over the next two decades will likely significantly reduce the effectiveness of stricter new gasoline vehicle emissions standards in reducing concentrations of secondary organic aerosol (SOA).

Cleaner 191

Cleaner Los Angeles Exhaust Gasoline 191

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 14, 2015

Researchers from Tsinghua University and Peking University have investigated the effects of fuel properties on particulate emissions gasoline direct injection engines (GDI). The study results, reported in the journal Fuel , demonstrated that the fuel composition has a significant on particulate emissions from GDI engines.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 8, 2016

Among their findings was that E20 offers higher peak load capability and thermal efficiency than gasoline. The process involves introduction of a low reactivity fuel into the cylinder to create a well-mixed charge of low reactivity fuel, air and recirculated exhaust gases.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Wisconsin Exhaust Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2019

A study by a team from North Carolina State University, with colleagues from the Urban Air Initiative and 3DATX Corporation, has shown that non-FFVs (flexible-fuel vehicles) can adapt to a mid-level ethanol blend—specifically E27. The study was commissioned by the Urban Air Initiative. — Yuan et al. 2019.03.115.

Vehicles 284

Vehicles Emissions North Carolina Gasoline 284

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2018

Now, in a new study published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology , researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have found that secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production from both port fuel injection (PFI) and gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicles has been substantially reduced through the tightening of NMOG emissions.

Standards 170

Standards Production Exhaust Gasoline 170

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2012

A study by a team led by Dr. Dennis Assanis at the University of Michigan suggests that accessing the “thermodynamic sweet spot” in high-efficiency, dilute, boosted gasoline engines has the potential for vehicle fuel economy gains between 23% and 58%. Their paper is published in the International Journal of Engine Research.

Fuel Economy 236

Fuel Economy Gasoline Economy Engine 236

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

the criteria pollutants and CO 2 that emerge with the exhaust from the tailpipe. However, there is more than 15 years of research showing that the contribution of non-exhaust primary particles to the total traffic generated primary particles is significant in urban areas. Further, a 2013 review by Denier van der Gon et al. Background.

Exhaust 150

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 24, 2017

Based on a three-year study of toxic and environmentally relevant pollutants from gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines, Swiss researchers have concluded that some GDI engines emit just as many soot particles as unfiltered diesel cars did in the past. Further, the GDI particles carry numerous carcinogenic substances.

Engine 271

Engine Exhaust Gasoline Diesel 271

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2016

A study of emissions from gasoline direct injection (GDI) vehicles in an urban near-road environment in Toronto over a wide range of weather conditions (February 2014 to January 2015) found that—other than for NO x and CO—the GDI engines had elevated emissions compared to the Toronto fleet.

Environment 150

Environment Emissions Exhaust 2014 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2018

A study by researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) and the University of São Paulo revealed that a beltway constructed to divert heavy-duty diesel vehicles traffic in the Brazilian city of São Paulo improved air quality and public health in the city. —NUS Associate Professor Alberto Salvo, study leader.

Diesel 199

Diesel Singapore Pollution London 199

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 20, 2011

Chassis dynamometer emission testing conducted on 30 in-use Indian auto-rickshaws—two-stroke and four-stroke CNG-fueled (CNG-2S and CNG-4S) and four-stroke gasoline-fueled (PET-4S)—found that global warming commitment (GWC) associated with emissions from CNG-2S was more than twice that from CNG-4S or PET-4S, due mostly to CH 4 emissions.

Gasoline 287

Gasoline Emissions Fuel India 287

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 17, 2012

Under laboratory-simulated diesel exhaust conditions, this mixed-phase oxide material was superior to Pt in terms of cost, thermal durability, and catalytic activity for NO oxidation. Nanostellar was founded in California in 2004 by scientists from Stanford University and NASA Ames Research Center.

Exhaust 240

Exhaust Diesel Dallas Conversion 240

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2012

Global-mean temperature change caused by car exhaust emitted from gasoline and diesel engines specified in the previous and upcoming European vehicle emission standards (EURO 3, 4, 5, and 6). However, previous studies have shown more prolonged warming due to diesel cars under various conditions. Credit: ACS, Tanaka et al.

Climate 223

Climate Gasoline Diesel Engine 223

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 9, 2012

A team from National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan, reports that a low-temperature solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) emissions control system for lean-burn engines can simultaneously reduce the high concentrations of NO x and oxidize hydrocarbon (HC) emissions. Concept of the SOFC emissions control system. Credit: ACS, Huang et al.

Exhaust 225

Exhaust Engine Emissions Gas-Electric 225

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2012

Their paper was presented at the ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division 2012 Fall Technical Conference by Marcello Canova, assistant professor at OSU; lead author was Philipp Skarke, from the University of Stuttgart Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Automotive Engineering. Exhaust gas exergy map of EcoCAR engine.

Waste 312

Waste PHEV Fuel Exhaust 312

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2019

In a study on the effect of exhaust particles from aircraft turbine engines on human lung cells, Swiss researchers have found that cells reacted most strongly to particles emitted during ground idling. For around 20 years, studies have shown that airborne particulate matter negatively affects human health.

Engine 321

Engine Emissions Switzerland Gasoline 321

Green Car Congress

MARCH 10, 2012

A new study by researchers from Stockholm University concludes that automobile tires may be a potential previously unknown source of carcinogenic dibenzopyrenes—a type of high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)—to the environment. Non-exhaust traffic sources of particles. —Sadiktsis et al.

Environment 353

Environment Automobile Exhaust Oil 353

Cars That Think

FEBRUARY 27, 2024

Although the pollutant emissions of a diesel engine are less than those of a gasoline one, it still emits carcinogens, nitrous oxides, and soot. To reduce emissions, diesel vehicles use filters that catch exhaust particles and other contaminants. Shakhawat recently graduated from the university with a degree in electrical engineering.

Carbon 104

Carbon Diesel Emissions Bangladesh 104

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 24, 2015

Achates Power, the developer of a family of two-stroke compression-ignition opposed-piston engines ( earlier post ), has been selected by APRA-E under its OPEN 2015 solicitation ( earlier post ) for an award of more than $9 million to develop a multi-cylinder opposed piston engine operating with compression ignition that uses gasoline as the fuel.

Gasoline 150

Gasoline Engine Power Powered 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2017

Traffic contributes more to NO x emissions in Europe than previously thought, according to a new study by a team at the University of Innsbruck. A large number of new studies have recently been published suggesting that emission levels from test stands have to be adjusted upwards.

Europe 150

Europe Diesel Emissions Pollution 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 2, 2019

The study found that higher ethanol blends—i.e., Overall, this study provides valuable insights on the impacts of ethanol content and gasoline composition on the exhaust emissions from a current technology GDI FFV. Their paper is published in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. Yang et al. —Yang et al. 8b02206.

Pollution 255

Pollution Fuel Vehicles Emissions 255

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2009

At the tailpipe, the TWC ultimately reduced the regulated and unregulated emissions from the methanol-gasoline engine to the same levels as those generated by a conventional gasoline engine. A paper on their study was published online 3 December in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels. —Fan et al.

Gasoline 218

Gasoline Emissions Alternative Fuels Engine 218

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 26, 2010

A study by a team at the Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais (Brazil) found that higher compression ratios in a spark-ignition engine improved performance of both an E22 blend (78% gasoline, 22% ethanol) as well as neat hydrous ethanol. The process of dehydration is costly and energy-consuming. Earlier post.).

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Exhaust Gasoline Water 2009 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2010

Fuel-cycle SO 2 emissions of EVs compared to those of gasoline ICEVs and HEVs in China, current (left) and future (right). The study was published online 24 May in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. Among the findings of the study: CO 2. Credit: ACS, Huo et al. Click to enlarge.

Coal 291

Coal Gasoline-Electric Gasoline Pollution 291

Green Car Congress

APRIL 16, 2012

The gasoline-alternative biofuel candidate 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) ( earlier post ) demonstrates favorable characteristics to be an effective cold-start fuel, according to a new study comparing the ignition timing sensitivities of oxygenated biofuels to gasoline in a direct-injection engine, published in the journal Fuel.

Fuel 218

Fuel Gasoline Universal Exhaust 218

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2016

A team at the Engine Research Center (ERC), University of Wisconsin-Madison has demonstrated the viability of reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) in a two-stroke engine. However, RCCI experiments with gasoline and n-heptane (higher volatility) proved to be successful. Earlier post.)

Engine 150

Engine Wisconsin Automobile Gasoline 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 5, 2015

Among their findings were that multi-mode RCCI has the potential to offer greater than 15% fuel economy improvement over a 2009 gasoline PFI baseline over many light-duty driving cycles, despite the lack of complete drive cycle coverage for RCCI mode. During RCCI-only operation, fuel usage was found to be between 57 and 69% gasoline.

Fuel Economy 150

Fuel Economy Economy Light Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2013

By focusing on the implementation of an extremely pragmatic and synergistic mix of powertrain electrification using available and near-market technologies, we have already shown in the HyBoost project the very significant and cost-effective benefits that can be achieved in a gasoline powertrain and 12+X volt electrification.

Fuel Economy 239

Fuel Economy Diesel Economy Gasoline 239

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 8, 2014

Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have used computational fluid dynamics modeling to investigate cycle-to-cycle instability of homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) and reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engines—two approaches to low-temperature combustion.

Wisconsin 329

Wisconsin Exhaust Diesel Gas 329

Green Car Congress

JULY 4, 2019

Brunel University London is the first to begin researching future powertrain concepts using Camcon Automotive ’s new Single Cylinder Intelligent Valve Technology (SCI). Brunel’s Center for Advanced Powertrain and Fuels (CAPF) plans to use SCI to further investigate the potential and control that digital valves provide.

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Concept Future Land Rover Exhaust 275

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 19, 2009

Gasoline and hydrogen rails and injectors installed on the intake manifolds. Changwei Ji and Shuofeng Wang modified a 4-cylinder (SI) engine to permit hydrogen and gasoline to be injected into the intake ports simultaneously to realize a hybrid hydrogen-gasoline engine (HHGE). Credit: ACS. Click to enlarge.

Gasoline 218

Gasoline Hydrogen Emissions Engine 218

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2014

Other research has shown that carbonyls directly influence physiological response to diesel exhaust particles and can also contribute to secondary organic aerosol formation. In the Tianjin study, they team fueled a four-cylinder light-duty diesel engine fueled with CFT and DF, identifying 13 individual carbonyl compounds in the exhaust.

Coal 210

Coal Diesel Emissions Fuel 210

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 13, 2021

Researchers from Tampere University and the University of Eastern Finland have found that the particulate emissions of auxiliary heaters can be up to a thousand times higher than the particulate emissions of idling gasoline vehicles. Their open-access study is published in the journal Atmosphere. Karjalainen et al.

Gasoline 221

Gasoline Engine Finland Exhaust 221

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 11, 2015

Today’s CNG vehicles are generally bivalent, running on gasoline and CNG with engines designed for gasoline direct injection. However, because methane behaves differently from gasoline when injected directly, it is important to optimize the combustion process for methane.

Gas 150

Gas Engine Gasoline Downsizing 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 25, 2009

Exposure to ozone at levels currently deemed safe by the NAAQS clean air standards can have a significant and negative effect on lung function, according to researchers at the University of California, Davis. Edward Schelegle, University of California, Davis. Specifically, we found that 6.6 Edward Schelegle.

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Ozone Standards Clean Cleaning 186