Coal, Fuel, Gas and Transportation

NYK Line, JMU and ClassNK partner to commercialize ammonia-fueled ammonia gas carrier

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2020

NYK Line, Japan Marine United Corporation (JMU), and Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK) signed a joint R&D agreement for the commercialization of an ammonia-fueled ammonia gas carrier (AFAGC) that would use ammonia as the main fuel, in addition to an ammonia floating storage and regasification barge (A-FSRB).

Gas

Gas Commercial Fuel Mariner

EIA: US fossil fuel consumption fell by 9% in 2020, the lowest level in nearly 30 years

Green Car Congress

JULY 7, 2021

In 2020, total consumption of fossil fuels in the United States, including petroleum, natural gas, and coal, fell to 72.9 2020 marked the largest annual decrease in US fossil fuel consumption in both absolute and percentage terms since at least 1949, the earliest year in the EIA annual data series.

2020

2020 Fuel Coal Gas-Electric

Rhodium Group estimates US GHG fell 2.1% in 2019, driven by coal decline

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2020

The Rhodium Group, an independent research provider, estimates that, after a sharp uptick in 2018, US greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions fell by 2.1% This decline was due almost entirely to a drop in coal consumption. Coal-fired power generation fell by a record 18% year-on-year to its lowest level since 1975. Coal-driven decline.

Coal

Coal 2019 2018 Gas-Electric

Study finds total greenhouse gas footprint of blue hydrogen “quite high” due to fugitive methane

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 13, 2021

“Blue” hydrogen—produced through steam methane reforming (SMR) of natural gas or coal gasification, but with CO 2 capture and storage—is being described as having low or zero carbon emissions. Carbon dioxide emissions, including emissions from developing, processing, and transporting the fuels, are shown in orange.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Gas Coal Exhaust

Ethanol-fueled solid oxide fuel cells with HEA internal reforming catalyst for transportation applications

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 27, 2023

Researchers from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of Connecticut have demonstrated high-performance metal-supported solid oxide fuel cells (MS-SOFC) with an integrated high entropy alloy (HEA) internal reforming catalyst (IRC) for transportation applications using ethanol and methanol as fuels.

International

International Fuel Transportation Water

JERA and IHI to demo ammonia co-firing at a large-scale commercial coal-fired power plant

Green Car Congress

MAY 30, 2021

This will be the world’s first demonstration project in which a large amount of ammonia will be co-fired in a large-scale commercial coal-fired power plant. Ammonia enables efficient, low-cost transport and storage of hydrogen. The project will run for approximately 4 years from June 2021 to March 2025.

Coal

Coal Commercial Power Powered

EIA: 95% of the fuel ethanol moved in the US in the first half of 2022 moved by rail

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2022

Fuel ethanol, a biofuel most commonly mixed with finished motor gasoline, is second only to coal as the most-transported fuel by rail. According to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA) Petroleum Supply Monthly , 95% of all US fuel ethanol deliveries between regions in the first half of 2022 were by rail.

Fuel

Fuel Gasoline Coal Transportation

Equinor and RWE to develop hydrogen-fired power plants in Germany, Norway-to-Germany hydrogen pipeline

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 6, 2023

The partners aim to replace coal-fired power plants with hydrogen-ready gas-fired power plants in Germany, and to build production of low carbon and renewable hydrogen in Norway that will be exported through pipeline to Germany. Building production facilities in Norway to produce low carbon hydrogen from natural gas with CCS.

Norway

Norway Germany Hydrogen Power

EEA: small increase in EU’s total greenhouse gas emissions in 2017, with transport emissions up for the fourth consecutive year

Green Car Congress

MAY 30, 2019

Total greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union (EU) increased by 0.7% Less coal was used to produce heat and electricity but this was offset by higher industrial and transport emissions, the latter increasing for the fourth consecutive year. From 1990 to 2017, the EU reduced its net greenhouse gas emissions by 21.7%.

2017

2017 Emissions Transportation Gas

NETL publishes review of safety challenges of production, transportation and storage of hydrogen

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 23, 2023

The National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) has published The Hydrogen Safety Review for Gas Turbines, SOFC, and High Temperature Hydrogen Production to review and summarize the unique safety challenges involved with the production, transportation and storage of hydrogen. The lower ignition energy makes smaller sparks a concern.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Transportation Production Waste

IEA: global CO2 emissions rebounded to their highest level in history in 2021; largely driven by China

Green Car Congress

MARCH 9, 2022

billion tonnes, their highest ever level, as the world economy rebounded strongly from the COVID-19 crisis and relied heavily on coal to power that growth, according to new IEA analysis. Change in CO 2 emissions by fossil fuel, relative to 2019 levels, 2019-2021. Global energy-related carbon dioxide emissions rose by 6% in 2021 to 36.3

Emissions

Emissions Global Coal China

EIA projects US energy-related CO2 emissions to remain near current level through 2050; increased natural gas consumption

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2019

USenergy-related carbon dioxide emissions and fossil fuel energy consumption. In the United States, emissions associated with the consumption of petroleum fuels—motor gasoline, distillate, jet fuel, and more—have consistently made up the largest portion of CO 2 emissions.

Gas

Gas Emissions Energy Coal

Hydrogen embrittlement in ferritic steels creates complications for clean energy storage, transportation

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 6, 2020

As the global energy market shifts from coal, petroleum fuel, and natural gas to more environmentally friendly primary energy sources, hydrogen is becoming a crucial pillar in the clean energy movement.

Energy Storage

Energy Storage Hydrogen Clean Cleaning

ICCT LCA study finds only battery and hydrogen fuel-cell EVs have potential to be very low-GHG passenger vehicle pathways

Green Car Congress

JULY 21, 2021

The ICCT has conducted a comprehensive global and temporal life-cycle assessment of GHG emissions from a variety of alternative passenger car powertrains and fuels. This study considers the fuel and electricity consumption in average real-world usage instead of solely relying on official test values. Source: The ICCT.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Fuel Batteries Battery

EPA GHG Inventory shows US GHG down 1.7% y-o-y in 2019, down 13% from 2005

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2021

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released its 28 th annual Inventory of US Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks (GHG Inventory), which presents a national-level overview of annual greenhouse gas emissions from 1990 to 2019. from 2018 to 2019, and CO 2 emissions just from fossil fuel combustion decreased 2.7%

2005

2005 2019 EPA Climate Change

Carbon emissions from generating electricity for electric vehicles vary greatly across the individual US states

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2023

These results indicate that coal and oil are the energy sources leading to most emissions, and that hydro, wind, and nuclear are the energy sources leading to least emissions. On the two extremes, coal and oil result in about 176 times the emissions from hydro. Energy source Proportional amount of emissions relative to hydro Coal 175.9

West Virginia

West Virginia Emissions Carbon Vermont

8 Rivers announces 8RH2 CO2 Convective Reformer for ultra-low carbon hydrogen production from natural gas

Green Car Congress

MAY 26, 2023

8 Rivers Capital announced the development of the 8RH2 CO 2 Convective Reformer—a technology for the production of ultra-low carbon hydrogen from natural gas. It uses the oxy-combustion of carbon fuels and a high-pressure supercritical CO 2 working fluid in a highly recuperated cycle that captures all emissions by design.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Carbon Gas Production

SRI developing process for co-gasification of methane and coal to produce liquid transportation fuels; negligible water consumption, no CO2

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 20, 2011

Researchers from SRI International (SRI) are developing a methane-and-coal-to-liquids process that consumes negligible amounts of water and does not generate carbon dioxide. FTS produces only a small fraction of the hydrocarbons needed for fuel and requires extensive recycling. Lifecycle GHG comparison. Click to enlarge.

Coal

Coal Water Transportation Fuel

EIA: US electricity generation from coal and natural gas both increased with summer heat

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2012

In August 2012, coal produced 39% of US electricity, up from a low of 32% in April 2012, when the natural gas share of generation equaled that of coal. The August coal share of generation is still notably lower than the 50% annual average over the 1990-2010 period. Data for 2011 and 2012 are preliminary. Source: EIA.

Coal

Coal Gas-Electric Gas 2012

Kawasaki’s liquefied hydrogen carrier departs to pick up first cargo

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 27, 2021

This vessel was developed to provide a means of transporting liquefied hydrogen at 1/800 of its original gas-state volume, cooled to –253°C, safely and in large quantities over long distances by sea. A return to Japan is expected around late February. The vessel can carry 75 tonnes of liquefied hydrogen in one trip.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Japan Australia Gas-Electric

Lux: alternative fuels in China could replace up to 483B GGE in 2020; coal-to-ethanol conversion offers near-term potential

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2015

China’s shift toward alternative fuels in order to cut its reliance on imported oil is creating large opportunities, notably in natural gas vehicles (NGVs) and in the conversion of coal to ethanol, according to a new report from Lux Research. Among their findings: Government programs tap natural gas. Renewable resources.

Alternative Fuels

Alternative Fuels Coal Conversion China

BNEF, Snam, IGU report finds global gas industry set to resume growth post-pandemic; low-carbon technologies for long-term growth

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 7, 2020

After growing by more than 2% in 2019, global gas use is set to fall by around 4% in 2020, as the COVID-19 pandemic reduces energy consumption across the global economies. The report shows that medium-term growth will come from increasing cost-competitiveness and increased global access to gas. Low-carbon gas.

Gas

Gas Global Industrial Industry

Rhodium Group estimates US GHG emissions rose 1.3% in 2022

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 11, 2023

Based on preliminary economic activity and energy data, Rhodium Group estimates that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the US slightly increased in 2022, rising 1.3% This reversal in 2022 was largely due to the substitution of coal with natural gas—a less carbon-intensive fuel—and a rise in renewable energy generation.

Emissions

Emissions Oil Prices 2005 Coal

EIA: world energy consumption to grow 56% 2010-2040, CO2 up 46%; use of liquid fuels in transportation up 38%

Green Car Congress

JULY 25, 2013

World energy consumption by fuel type, 2010-2040. However, fossil fuels continue to supply nearly 80% of world energy use through 2040. Natural gas is the fastest-growing fossil fuel, as global supplies of tight gas, shale gas, and coalbed methane increase. Liquid fuels. Source: IEO2013.

2010

2010 Transportation Fuel Energy

Study suggests China urban passenger transport emissions could peak in 2030

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2019

A team of researchers in China suggest that, in the context of promoting the use of clean fuel vehicles and increasing vehicle fuel efficiency, CO 2 emissions of China’s urban passenger transport sector could reach a peak of 225 MtCO 2 in 2030. A paper on their study appears in the journal Energy Policy.

Transportation

Transportation Emissions China Taxi

MIT Report Finds Natural Gas Has Significant Potential to Displace Coal, Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Role in Transportation More Limited

Green Car Congress

JUNE 26, 2010

Natural gas will play a leading role in reducing greenhouse-gas emissions over the next several decades, largely by replacing older, inefficient coal plants with highly efficient combined-cycle gas generation, according to a major new interim report out from MIT.

MIT

MIT Coal Gas Emissions

DOE awarding about $16M to four projects for advanced gasification systems; focus on coal

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 6, 2014

Awardees will receive approximately $16 million to advance the gasification process, which converts carbon-based materials such as coal into syngas for use as power, chemicals, hydrogen, and transportation fuels. Advanced Gasifier and Water-Gas Shift Technologies for Low-Cost Coal Conversion to High-Hydrogen Syngas.

Coal

Coal Hydrogen Conversion Gas

Rice study finds using natural gas for electricity and heating, not transportation, more effective in reducing GHGs

Green Car Congress

MARCH 9, 2016

Rice University researchers have determined a more effective way to use natural gas to reduce climate-warming emissions would be in the replacement of existing coal-fired power plants and fuel-oil furnaces rather than burning it in cars and buses.

Gas-Electric

Gas-Electric Gas Transportation Coal

DOE soliciting projects in advanced coal gasification for high carbon-capture power production and/or liquid fuels

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 26, 2014

The US DOE is soliciting ( DE-FOA-0001051 ) projects for up to $10 million in awards to target technological advancements to lower the cost of producing hydrogen and/or high-hydrogen syngas from coal for use in 90% carbon capture power generation and/or gasification-based liquid (transportation) fuel production: methanol or diesel.

Coal

Coal Carbon Fuel Power

Argonne study finds shale gas GHG lifecycle emissions 6% lower than natural gas, 23% lower than gasoline and 33% lower than coal; upstream methane leakage a key contributor

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 18, 2011

Life-cycle GHG emissions per MJ of fuel produced and combusted for both 100-year and 20-year time horizons. Gasoline section shows results for fuel derived from both conventional oil and oil sands. Expansion bars show the components of fuel production. Credit: ACS, Burnham et al. Click to enlarge.

Gas

Gas Coal Emissions Gasoline

EPA: US GHG fell 0.5% y-o-y in 2017; power sector down by 4.2%, transportation up 1.21%

Green Car Congress

APRIL 15, 2019

Year-over-year, US greenhouse gas emissions were 0.5% lower in 2017 than the prior year (after accounting for sequestration from the land sector), and power sector emissions fell 4.2%, according to the 2019 edition of the US Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) annual report on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.

2017

2017 EPA Transportation 2005

Ørsted and partners secure funding for H2RES project; offshore wind power to produce renewable hydrogen for road transport

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2019

Hydrogen is widely used in heavy industry in Europe, but it is mainly produced by converting fossil fuels in a process which emits large amounts of greenhouse gases. Heavy road transport is one of the sectors which can be made greener by indirect electrification with hydrogen produced from renewable sources.

Wind

Wind Hydrogen Renewable Transportation

Dominion Energy sets new goal of net zero emissions by 2050 for both power generation, natural gas operations

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 12, 2020

Dominion Energy announced a significant expansion of the company's greenhouse gas emissions-reduction goals, establishing a new commitment to achieve net zero emissions by 2050. The goal covers carbon dioxide and methane emissions, the dominant greenhouse gases, from both electricity generation and gas infrastructure operations.

Emissions

Emissions Gas Energy Power

Tsinghua University provincial-level lifecycle study finds fuel-cycle criteria pollutants of EVs in China could be up to 5x those of natural gas vehicles due to China’s coal-dominant power mix

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 12, 2013

In regions where the share of coal-based electricity is relatively low, EVs can achieve substantial GHG reduction, the team reports in a paper in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. According to the 12 th Five-Year Plan of the China Coal Industry (2011?2015) Credit: ACS, Huo et al. Click to enlarge.

Coal

Coal Pollution China Gas

DOE to award $160M to improve fossil-based hydrogen production, transport, storage, and utilization

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2021

The US Department of Energy’s (DOE) Office of Fossil Energy (FE) plans to make $160 million in federal funding ( DE-FOA-0002400 ) available to help recalibrate the US’ vast fossil-fuel and power infrastructure for decarbonized energy and commodity production. Natural Gas-Based Hydrogen Production. Advanced Turbines.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Transportation Production Carbon

EU greenhouse gas emissions from transport increased for the second year in a row in 2015; on-road up 1.6%

Green Car Congress

JUNE 2, 2017

Total European Union greenhouse gas emissions increased by 0.5% Transport was a key reason for that increase: better fuel efficiency in that sector was not enough to counter the effects of an increasing demand for transport. Emissions from aviation, representing about 4% of the EU total emissions, increased by 3.3%

2015

2015 Emissions Transportation Gas

EIA: US energy-related CO2 emissions in 2012 lowest since 1994; reflects drop in coal use

Green Car Congress

APRIL 5, 2013

The largest drop in emissions in 2012 came from coal, which is used almost exclusively for electricity generation. During 2012, particularly in the spring and early summer, low natural gas prices led to competition between natural gas- and coal-fired electric power generators.

Coal

Coal 2012 Emissions Energy

EIA: US energy-related CO2 fell by 2.8% in 2019, slightly below 2017 levels

Green Car Congress

MAY 11, 2020

In 2019, CO 2 emissions from petroleum fuels—nearly half of which are associated with motor gasoline consumption—fell by 0.8%, and CO 2 emissions from the use of natural gas increased by 3.3%. The United States now emits less CO 2 from coal than from motor gasoline. Total net electricity generation fell by 1.5%

2019

2019 CO2 Energy 2017

JEC updates well-to-wheels study on automotive fuels and powertrains; electro-mobility, natural gas and biofuels

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2014

WTW energy expended and GHG emissions for conventional fuels ICE and hybrid vehicles shows the potential for improvement of conventional fuels and ICE based vehicles. It adds an assessment of electrically chargeable vehicle configurations, such as plug-in hybrid, range extended, battery and fuel-cell electric vehicles.

Gas

Gas Fuel Gas-Electric Gasoline-Electric

California Energy Commission approves $8M grant for H2 fueling station at Port of Long Beach

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 8, 2018

The California Energy Commission approved an $8-million grant to Equilon Enterprises—a fully owned subsidiary of Shell Oil—to develop a high-capacity hydrogen fueling station to service and promote the expansion of zero-emission fuel cell electric Class 8 drayage trucks at the Port of Long Beach.

Long Beach

Long Beach Grant California Energy

EIA projects decline in transportation sector energy consumption through 2037 despite increase in VMT, followed by increase

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2019

For the Transportation sector, EIA projects that energy consumption will decline between 2019 and 2037 (in the Reference case) because increases in fuel economy more than offset growth in vehicle miles traveled (VMT). This growth arises from increases in air transportation outpacing increases in aircraft fuel efficiency.

Transportation

Transportation Energy Fuel Economy 2018

Siemens Energy, FFI and GeoPura developing prototype ammonia cracker to produce hydrogen

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 25, 2022

The prototype will use ammonia to deliver 200kg of hydrogen a day—enough to power around 5-10 hydrogen fuel cell-electric buses. The system will be designed to deliver high-purity hydrogen, suitable for PEM fuel cell use, using FFI’s Metal Membrane Technology (MMT) purification process. Source: CSIRO.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Energy Grid Ireland

EIA projects increases in global energy consumption and emissions through 2050

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 7, 2021

Liquid fuels remain the largest source of energy consumption, driven largely by the industrial and transportation sectors. Renewables will be the primary source for new electricity generation, but natural gas, coal, and increasingly batteries will be used to help meet load and support grid reliability.

Global

Global Energy Emissions Asia

Scenario study suggests increased vehicle electrification in Europe increases demand for gas in power sector; limited ability for power-to-gas

Green Car Congress

MAY 29, 2018

A study published by the Centre on Regulation in Europe (CERRE) has explored the possible impact of increased electrification of road transportation and domestic heating and cooking on the energy system (electricity and gas), as well as on CO 2 emissions and on GDP.

Gas

Gas Power Powered Europe

NYK Line, JMU and ClassNK partner to commercialize ammonia-fueled ammonia gas carrier

EIA: US fossil fuel consumption fell by 9% in 2020, the lowest level in nearly 30 years

Rhodium Group estimates US GHG fell 2.1% in 2019, driven by coal decline

Study finds total greenhouse gas footprint of blue hydrogen “quite high” due to fugitive methane

Ethanol-fueled solid oxide fuel cells with HEA internal reforming catalyst for transportation applications

JERA and IHI to demo ammonia co-firing at a large-scale commercial coal-fired power plant

EIA: 95% of the fuel ethanol moved in the US in the first half of 2022 moved by rail

Equinor and RWE to develop hydrogen-fired power plants in Germany, Norway-to-Germany hydrogen pipeline

EEA: small increase in EU’s total greenhouse gas emissions in 2017, with transport emissions up for the fourth consecutive year

NETL publishes review of safety challenges of production, transportation and storage of hydrogen

IEA: global CO2 emissions rebounded to their highest level in history in 2021; largely driven by China

EIA projects US energy-related CO2 emissions to remain near current level through 2050; increased natural gas consumption

Hydrogen embrittlement in ferritic steels creates complications for clean energy storage, transportation

ICCT LCA study finds only battery and hydrogen fuel-cell EVs have potential to be very low-GHG passenger vehicle pathways

EPA GHG Inventory shows US GHG down 1.7% y-o-y in 2019, down 13% from 2005

Carbon emissions from generating electricity for electric vehicles vary greatly across the individual US states

8 Rivers announces 8RH2 CO2 Convective Reformer for ultra-low carbon hydrogen production from natural gas

SRI developing process for co-gasification of methane and coal to produce liquid transportation fuels; negligible water consumption, no CO2

EIA: US electricity generation from coal and natural gas both increased with summer heat

Kawasaki’s liquefied hydrogen carrier departs to pick up first cargo

Lux: alternative fuels in China could replace up to 483B GGE in 2020; coal-to-ethanol conversion offers near-term potential

BNEF, Snam, IGU report finds global gas industry set to resume growth post-pandemic; low-carbon technologies for long-term growth

Rhodium Group estimates US GHG emissions rose 1.3% in 2022

EIA: world energy consumption to grow 56% 2010-2040, CO2 up 46%; use of liquid fuels in transportation up 38%

Study suggests China urban passenger transport emissions could peak in 2030

MIT Report Finds Natural Gas Has Significant Potential to Displace Coal, Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions; Role in Transportation More Limited

DOE awarding about $16M to four projects for advanced gasification systems; focus on coal

Rice study finds using natural gas for electricity and heating, not transportation, more effective in reducing GHGs

DOE soliciting projects in advanced coal gasification for high carbon-capture power production and/or liquid fuels

Argonne study finds shale gas GHG lifecycle emissions 6% lower than natural gas, 23% lower than gasoline and 33% lower than coal; upstream methane leakage a key contributor

EPA: US GHG fell 0.5% y-o-y in 2017; power sector down by 4.2%, transportation up 1.21%

Ørsted and partners secure funding for H2RES project; offshore wind power to produce renewable hydrogen for road transport

Dominion Energy sets new goal of net zero emissions by 2050 for both power generation, natural gas operations

Tsinghua University provincial-level lifecycle study finds fuel-cycle criteria pollutants of EVs in China could be up to 5x those of natural gas vehicles due to China’s coal-dominant power mix

DOE to award $160M to improve fossil-based hydrogen production, transport, storage, and utilization

EU greenhouse gas emissions from transport increased for the second year in a row in 2015; on-road up 1.6%

EIA: US energy-related CO2 emissions in 2012 lowest since 1994; reflects drop in coal use

EIA: US energy-related CO2 fell by 2.8% in 2019, slightly below 2017 levels

JEC updates well-to-wheels study on automotive fuels and powertrains; electro-mobility, natural gas and biofuels

California Energy Commission approves $8M grant for H2 fueling station at Port of Long Beach

EIA projects decline in transportation sector energy consumption through 2037 despite increase in VMT, followed by increase

Siemens Energy, FFI and GeoPura developing prototype ammonia cracker to produce hydrogen

EIA projects increases in global energy consumption and emissions through 2050

Scenario study suggests increased vehicle electrification in Europe increases demand for gas in power sector; limited ability for power-to-gas

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