Fuel, Oil, Ozone and Water

Using Ozone-Generated Bubbles to Remove Oil Sheen and Contaminants from Water

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2009

A University of Utah engineer has developed an inexpensive new method to remove oil sheen by repeatedly pressurizing and depressurizing ozone gas, creating microscopic bubbles that attack the oil so it can be removed by sand filters. Water from mining of oil sands and oil shale. Heavy metals in soil.

Ozone

Ozone Water Oil-Sands Oil

PSI team develops web tool for consumers to compare environmental impact of passenger cars in detail

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2020

Depletion of fossil energy resources [kg oil-eq.]. Depletion of fresh water reserves [m 3 ]. Deterioration of the ozone layer [kg CFC-11-eq.]. Besides the engine type and fuel, those who use the Carculator can also enter the size category of the vehicles to be compared, from subcompact cars to vans.

Mariner

Mariner Climate Change DC Cars

Japan Researchers Use Liquefied DME to Extract Oil from Algae at Room Temperature at High Yield

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2010

Researchers at Japan’s Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), in a project funded by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), have successfully developed a method to extract oil from algae using liquefied dimethyl ether (DME) at room temperature in high yield.

Japan

Japan Oil Ozone Coal

California 2017 GHG inventory shows 1.2% total drop from 2016; transportation sector emissions up 1%

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 14, 2019

Transportation sector emission sources include combustion of fuels utilized in-state that are used by on-road and off-road vehicles, aviation, rail, and water-borne vehicles, as well as a few other smaller sources. It does not include emissions from petroleum refineries and oil production. Source: ARB.

2017

2017 2016 Transportation Emissions

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

The oil price shocks of the 1970s led the Brazilian government to address the strain high prices were placing on its fragile economy. Brazil, the largest and most populous country in South America, was importing 80% of its oil and 40% of its foreign exchange was used to pay for that imported oil.

Transportation

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric

Research shows clean fuel-use for ships off California coast extremely effective in reducing sulfur dioxide pollution

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2011

Data collected during a major 2010 state-federal atmospheric research project show that the first-in-the-nation regulation requiring ocean-going vessels to use clean fuel when near the California coast has been extremely effective in reducing sulfur dioxide pollution from ships, according to the California Air Resources Board (ARB).

Pollution

Pollution California Clean Cleaning

ICCT finds growth in shipping in Arctic could increase pollutant emissions 150-600% by 2025 with current fuels

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2015

fuel for Arctic vessels assuming a low-growth scenario. That study provided estimates of vessel traffic (numbers of vessels and transits) based on modeling of current vessel activity patterns, growth potential, and vessel projection scenarios, including diversion from other routes, and oil and gas development. Source: ICCT.

Pollution

Pollution Emissions Mariner Fuel

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (kg Ethene equivalent). Quantifies the production of pollutant ozone (? to ozone layer), the results of the reaction of sunlight on NO x and volatile organic compounds. water, and non-renewable energies (crude oil, coal.) Quantifies the quantity of energy (crude oil, coal.)

Li-ion

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2012

eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. For gasoline, the study reflects the US context in which crude oil is to a large extent imported and refined domestically.

Gasoline

Gasoline Water Emissions Minnesota

MECA report finds additional NOx emission reductions from new heavy-duty trucks achievable and cost-effective

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2020

NO x is a precursor for both ground level ozone and secondary PM 2.5 A wide variety of technology options can be deployed on heavy-duty engines and vehicles to reduce engine-out NO x while improving fuel economy to reduce the total cost of ownership of trucks. g/bhp-hr and a Low Load Cycle (LLC) limit below 0.2 g/bhp-hr.

Emissions

Emissions Diesel Engine 2010

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Contributions of regions to total life cycle emissions for three fuels (µg per vehicle-mile traveled per km 2 land area). 60% of ground-level ozone (O 3 ) precursors, 6% of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ), and 22% of greenhouse gases (GHGs) emitted. Dashed lines show US average emissions. Credit: ACS, Tessum et al. Click to enlarge.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution

UNEP Report Calls for More Sophisticated Approach to Developing Biofuels; Limitations of Current LCA Studies

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2009

Here, RME show advantages for primary energy and GHG, but disadvantages in terms of acidification, eutrophication and ozone depletion. Increased eutrophication is a key characteristic of biofuels from energy crops when compared with fossil fuels. Source: “Assessing Biofuels”. Click to enlarge.

Ozone

Ozone Water Emissions Oil

Test of Planet-Cooling Scheme Could Start in 2022

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 19, 2021

Up there, 10 to 50 kilometers above the Earth’s surface, ozone molecules absorb the sun’s ultraviolet light, protecting life far below. Even less is understood about the potential risks to people and the environment—could the particles deplete the ozone layer, for example, or significantly alter the weather? about 0.6 °C.

Ozone

Ozone Solar Climate Change Climate

National Research Council report finds it unlikely the US will meet cellulosic biofuel mandates absent major innovation or a change in policies

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2011

In the absence of major technological innovations or policy changes, the United States is unlikely to meet cellulosic biofuel mandates under the current Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS2) by 2022, according to a new report from the National Research Council. However, whether and how the mandate for cellulosic biofuels will be met is uncertain.

Renewable

Renewable Tax Credit Conversion Standards

New Comprehensive Lifecycle Energy and Emissions Inventory Includes Non-Operational Components; Large Aircraft Can Perform Better than Light Rail

Green Car Congress

JUNE 9, 2009

The fuel production component is shown in green. This includes raw materials extraction, manufacturing, construction, operation, maintenance, and end of life of vehicles, infrastructure, and fuels. The vehicle operation components are shown with gray patterns. Other vehicle components are shown in shades of blue. Click to enlarge.

Light

Light Emissions Energy Boston

MIT study finds including non-CO2 emissions from synthetic aviation fuel in lifecycle analysis of climate impact can lead to decrease in relative environmental merit; need for a holistic analysis framework

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 23, 2011

A new study by researchers at MIT has found that factoring the non-CO 2 combustion emissions and effects into the lifecycle of a Synthetic Paraffinic Kerosene (SPK) aviation fuel can lead to a decrease in the relative environmental merit of the SPK fuel compared to conventional jet fuel. —Stratton et al.

MIT

MIT Climate Emissions Ozone

WHO links 7 million premature deaths annually to air pollution; 12.5% of total global deaths

Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2014

billion people living in homes using wood, coal or dung as their primary cooking fuel, as well as evidence about air pollution’s role in the development of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, and cancers. The major components of PM are sulfate, nitrates, ammonia, sodium chloride, black carbon, mineral dust and water.

Pollution

Pollution Global Ozone Coal

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2009

Health and other non-climate damages by life-cycle component for different combinations of fuels and light-duty automobiles in 2005 (top) and 2030 (bottom). GHG emissions (grams CO 2 -eq)/VMT by life-cycle component for different combinations of fuels and light-duty automobiles in 2005 (top) and 2030 (bottom). Click to enlarge.

2005

2005 Cost Of Energy Coal

EV Driven

Using Ozone-Generated Bubbles to Remove Oil Sheen and Contaminants from Water

PSI team develops web tool for consumers to compare environmental impact of passenger cars in detail

Japan Researchers Use Liquefied DME to Extract Oil from Algae at Room Temperature at High Yield

California 2017 GHG inventory shows 1.2% total drop from 2016; transportation sector emissions up 1%

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Research shows clean fuel-use for ships off California coast extremely effective in reducing sulfur dioxide pollution

ICCT finds growth in shipping in Arctic could increase pollutant emissions 150-600% by 2025 with current fuels

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

MECA report finds additional NOx emission reductions from new heavy-duty trucks achievable and cost-effective

Researchers describe the “where” and “when” of life cycle emissions from gasoline and ethanol in the US

UNEP Report Calls for More Sophisticated Approach to Developing Biofuels; Limitations of Current LCA Studies

Test of Planet-Cooling Scheme Could Start in 2022

National Research Council report finds it unlikely the US will meet cellulosic biofuel mandates absent major innovation or a change in policies

New Comprehensive Lifecycle Energy and Emissions Inventory Includes Non-Operational Components; Large Aircraft Can Perform Better than Light Rail

MIT study finds including non-CO2 emissions from synthetic aviation fuel in lifecycle analysis of climate impact can lead to decrease in relative environmental merit; need for a holistic analysis framework

WHO links 7 million premature deaths annually to air pollution; 12.5% of total global deaths

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

Stay Connected