Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 28, 2020

engine exhaust gas aftertreatment technology. PNOCRA process, with its two phases: Phase 1: Plasma-assisted N 2 -oxidation, followed by NO x adsorption on a Lean NO x trap (LNT); Phase 2: Catalytic operation of the LNT to reduce the adsorbed NO x with H 2 to NH 3 and followed by NH 3 extraction with water. art plasma?enabled

Production 243

Production Exhaust Gas-Electric Belgium 243

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 3, 2015

Researchers from the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) and the Advanced Gasoline Engine Development Team at Hyundai Motor Company report on the effects of water direct injection on a gasoline engine under high-load conditions in a paper in the International Journal of Engine Research. The test engine was a 1.6-L

Water 150

Water Gasoline Hyundai Engine 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 23, 2021

of hydrogen is currently produced via water electrolysis and only a fraction of this production is powered by renewable energy. There is no immediate concern for copper resources, but the average ore grade is declining as higher grade deposits become exhausted. According to the IEA, less than 0.1% —Palmer et al.

Solar 459

Solar Hydrogen Emissions Production 459

Drive Electric

SEPTEMBER 19, 2022

Because EVs run on electricity, the vehicle emits no exhaust from a tailpipe and does not contain the typical liquid fuel components in ICEVs. Lithium-ion batteries produce harmful fluoride gas when on fire, burn for longer, and are more difficult to put out than fossil-fueled fires. Learn more about gas vs. electric car fires here.

Gas-Electric 98

Gas-Electric Electric Vehicles Gas Power 98

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2014

The heat of the exhaust gases is recovered to preheat the inlet gas with high-temperature heat exchangers when the system operates in a slightly exothermic mode. The complete system is compact, about the size of a refrigerator. It can produce between 1 and 2.5 Nm 3 /h of hydrogen. —Florence Lambert, Director of CEA Liten.

Hydrogen 210

Hydrogen Water Production Exhaust 210

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 10, 2018

ElectraTherm, a leader in distributed, waste heat to power generation, is working with the Office of Naval Research (ONR), Creare, and the US Naval Academy (USNA) to demonstrate gas turbine waste heat recovery as part of a Small Business Innovation Research project. Hot water is the only fuel consumed by the Power+.

Waste 186

Waste Exhaust Maryland Gas-Electric 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 20, 2019

The valve train is the “respiratory organ” of combustion engines: it manages the aspiration of fresh air and the discharge of exhaust gases (gas exchange). The basic principle of the valve train—for both intake and exhaust side—is an asymmetric hydraulic pendulum, which can be described as a mass-spring-system.

Fuel 220

Fuel Gas-Electric Exhaust Gas 220

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2012

ArcelorMittal has inaugurated a new, energy recovery and reuse boiler that recycles waste gas generated through its blast furnace process (for ironmaking) and uses it to generate electricity to help power the ArcelorMittal Indiana Harbor steel manufacturing plant in East Chicago, Indiana—the largest steelmaking complex in North America.

Manufacturer 246

Manufacturer Gas Indiana Chicago 246

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 29, 2020

The results of a new analysis by the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) show that, when combined with a trend toward higher methane leakage and combustion slip, there is no climate benefit from using liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a marine fuel—regardless of the engine technology. First, it contains very little sulfur.

Mariner 427

Mariner Climate Fuel Oil 427

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2013

In its recently released Inventory of US Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990 – 2011 ( earlier post ), the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported that methane (CH 4 ) emissions from the field production of natural gas have declined by 36% from 2007 to 2011 (from 83.1 a global warming potential of 21. (The

2007 285

2007 2011 EPA Gas 285

Green Car Congress

MARCH 13, 2018

A common approach to reducing NO x emissions from diesel engines is the use of Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR); the system converts NO x to nitrogen and water via the addition of ammonia. However, SCR only delivers satisfactory results at an exhaust gas temperature well above 200 ?C. —Marberger et al.

Exhaust 170

Exhaust Diesel Conversion Convert 170

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2019

Scientists from Tokyo Metropolitan University have developed a low-temperature catalyst for removing NO x gas from industrial exhaust using ammonia. Nitrogen monoxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 )—nitrogen oxides (NO x )—are common atmospheric pollutants created by burning fossil fuels, coal and natural gas.

Exhaust 186

Exhaust Universal Conversion Gas-Electric 186

Green Car Congress

JUNE 20, 2014

In regards to the engine technologies for HVs, the Atkinson cycle, cooled EGR, electric water pump and low friction technology play an important role for enhancing the engine thermal efficiency. 1 and water-cooled EGR. To address this, at low load, Exhaust VVT is advanced and internal EGR is used. Yamada et al. Click to enlarge.

Fuel Economy 278

Fuel Economy Economy Engine Toyota 278

Green Car Congress

JULY 30, 2019

Scientists at ETH Zürich and oil and gas company Total have developed a new catalyst that efficiently converts CO 2 and hydrogen directly into methanol. It is possible to convert it into fuels and a wide variety of chemical products, including those that today are mainly based on fossil resources.

Convert 186

Convert CO2 Hydrogen Gas-Electric 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2015

Researchers at UC Berkeley have developed an artificial photosynthetic scheme for the direct solar-powered production of value-added chemicals from CO 2 and water using a two-step process involving a biocompatible light-capturing nanowire array with a direct interface with microbial systems. —Liu et al. For improved process yield, S.

Solar 150

Solar Water Hybrid CO2 150

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2022

The process for synthesizing the melamine material, published in an open-access paper in the journal Science Advances , could potentially be scaled down to capture emissions from vehicle exhaust or other movable sources of carbon dioxide. —Mao et al. The addition of cyanuric acid also allowed the material to be used over and over again.

Low Cost 243

Low Cost Carbon Texas Cheap 243

Green Car Congress

APRIL 22, 2014

Toyota’s FPEG features a hollow step-shaped piston, combustion chamber and gas spring chamber. The FPEG consists of a two-stroke combustion chamber, a linear generator and a gas spring chamber. The smaller-diameter side of the piston constitutes a combustion chamber, and the larger-diameter side constitutes a gas spring chamber.

Toyota 419

Toyota Engine 2014 Gas-Electric 419

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 2, 2016

HEHC is an improved thermodynamic cycle optimized for fuel efficiency that combines features of four existing cycles: high compression ratio (Diesel); constant volume (isochoric) combustion (Otto); over-expansion to atmospheric pressure (Atkinson); and internal cooling with air or water (Rankine). Daniele Littera, et al.

2015 150

2015 Exhaust Water Engine 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 31, 2019

However, the scale of biofuels is limited by their environmental footprint, considering the land and water usage. However, the challenges of transmission, distribution, and high-pressure storage of a low-density gas have hampered the adoption of hydrogen PEMFC technology. —Zhao et al. Zhao et al. 2019.07.005.

Delaware 278

Delaware Transportation Fuel Hydrogen 278

Green Car Congress

APRIL 26, 2019

Water is applied during this stage is intended to keep the machinery and metals at optimum temperatures and reduce friction. The bit is spun at high speed inside the cylinder to polish the metal until shiny and smooth—giving the process its “mirror bore” name and the cylinder walls a reflective surface. Yoshida, N.

Nissan 246

Nissan Engine 2019 Fuel Economy 246

Green Car Congress

JUNE 28, 2017

Water may be injected to internally cool the engine. Some of this cooling energy is recuperated, as the water turns to steam, increasing the chamber pressure. XMv3 engine gas path flows. Green is the intake charge, red is the exhaust, and blue is the cooling flow. Earlier post.). Costa et al. 2016) Click to enlarge.

Hybrid 278

Hybrid Engine Diesel 2016 278

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2017

As part of the SCR technology, exhaust stream emissions were dosed with a mist of a urea substance, commonly known as “AdBlue,” which converted NO x into nitrogen, water, and small amounts of carbon dioxide. The dosing strategy varied injection levels of AdBlue into the exhaust system depending on whether the vehicle was being tested.

Audi 150

Audi Emissions Diesel Charging 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 13, 2017

PTF processes essentially use renewable energy, CO 2 and water to produce fuel, as in Audi’s targeted e-fuels projects. Exhaust gas values were also greatly improved by the use of electrofuels. Earlier post.) A paper on the Jülich study is published in the journal Fuel. Molecular structure. Heating value and air demand.

Diesel 150

Diesel Fuel Power Powered 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2011

The recuperated engine uses isothermal compression via cryogenic injection to enable significant exhaust to compressed gas heat transfer. Recuperator to transfer heat from exhaust gas to compressed air. The charge air was heated to 750 °C by the low pressure exhaust gases in the recuperator. Click to enlarge.

Exhaust 285

Exhaust Concept Vehicles Engine 285

Green Car Congress

JULY 9, 2013

A team from the California Air Resources Board (ARB) reports on their evaluation of the in-use emissions performance of four different heavy-duty diesel engines certified to the MY 2010 or interim MY 2010 NO x standards over a wide range of driving conditions in California in a paper published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology.

Exhaust 246

Exhaust 2010 Emissions Diesel 246

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2014

Theoretically, cars operating on higher ethanol blends than the design point could emit greater concentrations of pollutants in exhaust gas. In the cylinder where combustion takes place, the fuel evaporates before it is burned, and this evaporation helps cool off the air/fuel mixture and exhaust gas.

Gasoline 230

Gasoline Exhaust Water Fuel 230

Green Car Congress

MAY 4, 2012

Engineers at Toyota Motor Corporation in Japan have determined that cooling the upper part of the cylinder liner on the exhaust side is an effective way to improve anti-knock quality—opening the way to improved engine thermal efficiency. Intake and exhaust sides were divided into an upper, middle and lower part.

Toyota 218

Toyota Exhaust 2012 Engine 218

Plug In Partners

APRIL 2, 2008

However, this story on water consumption seems to be more than just natural clever shaping, it seems seriously wrong. Water Supply, Researcher Says By Jennifer Bogo Popular Mechanics March 7, 2008 "A 30-mile commute in a gasoline-powered car would require the withdrawal of 18.9 Here is the story and the claims.

Water 100

Water PHEV Saudi Arabia Oil-Sands 100

Green Car Congress

APRIL 9, 2014

Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) announced preliminary test results of its Dedicated-Exhaust Gas Recirculation (D-EGR) demonstration vehicle ( earlier post ) at the SAE 2014 World Congress in Detroit. With D-EGR, one or more cylinders have their exhaust connected directly to the intake system. Click to enlarge.

Gasoline 317

Gasoline Emissions Diesel Exhaust 317

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2014

It also enables the size of catalytic convertors to be reduced by around 50%, offering engine and exhaust system designers greater freedom. Three-way catalytic converters (TWCs) are used in automobiles to convert hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides in exhaust gas to carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen.

Convert 246

Convert Manufacturer Fuel Exhaust 246

Green Car Congress

MAY 20, 2011

The Board of Royal Dutch Shell plc has made the final investment decision on the Prelude Floating Liquefied Natural Gas (FLNG) Project in Australia (100% Shell); Shell will now start detailed design and construction of what will be the world’s first FLNG facility. This helps to cool the gas from below the facility, saving deck space.

Gas 230

Gas Australia Wind Water 230

Green Car Congress

APRIL 4, 2011

India recently launched an exhaustive study on the source, distribution and impact of airborne soot—especially on climate and glaciers. SciDev.net. Towards this end, the programme will map the distribution of black carbon in four dimensions—latitude, longitude, height and time.

India 199

India Climate Change Climate Water 199

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2010

Terrestrial bioenergy feedstock crops such as switchgrass, canola and corn have lower environmental lifecycle impacts than algae in energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, and water regardless of cultivation location, according to a new lifecycle assessment by researchers at the University of Virginia. Click to enlarge. 0.4 ± 0.05.

Water 218

Water Waste Energy Emissions 218

Green Car Congress

JUNE 22, 2010

The Capstone C30 Liquid Fuel microturbine is the only engine certified to the CARB emissions levels that went into effect for Model Year 2010 On-Road Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines to operate on diesel fuel with no exhaust aftertreatment, including urea injection or exhaust catalyst.

Hybrid 223

Hybrid Range Electric Vehicles Exhaust 223

Green Car Congress

JUNE 11, 2019

g/bhp-hr in low load operation using the proposed low load certification cycle being developed at Southwest Research Institute under a contract from the California Air Resources Board (CARB). The technologies outlined are either commercial or market-ready options that can be deployed on vehicles by model year 2024 to achieve 0.05

Standards 191

Standards Diesel 2019 Emissions 191

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2019

Fewer soot particles in the exhaust stream of aircraft reduces the formation of ice crystals and therefore the climate impact of the resulting contrail cirrus. Relative change in contrail cirrus a in-cloud ice water content and b ice crystal volume radius at 240?hPa The results are expected in summer 2019.

Climate 278

Climate Cleaner Emissions Alternative Fuels 278

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 9, 2009

Volkswagen will produce the high-efficiency EcoBlue CHP (combined heat and power) plant, which is to be driven by natural gas engines from Volkswagen. The EcoBlue units consist of a natural gas engine that powers a generator; the exhaust gas is used for the heating component.

Power 310

Power Powered Gas-Electric Gas 310