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Downsizing arrived in a big way at GM in 1977. In light of fuel prices, foreign competition that was smaller and more efficient, and a consumer base that was trending away from land yachts, GM downsized its full-size cars. After its ridiculously trimmed going away party, the downsizing would come for Eldorado the following year.
The Eldorado was Cadillac’s last model to downsize, after the rest of the brand bowed to the interests of fuel economy and cleaner styling in 1977. There was of course another big downsizing coming in just a few years, but nobody was focused on that yet. The Eldorado’s wheelbase shrunk from 126.3 inches to 71.4”.
At the US Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Annual Merit Review meeting in Washington, DC last week, Michael Ruth from Cummins noted that the DOE program target for the project is a fuel economy (CAFE) target of 26 mpg (9.05 Cummins made extensive use of aluminium as well as space-saving design features for new engine weight control.
The Volvo Car Corporation is introducing a new, downsized engine range consisting solely of four-cylinder gasoline and diesel engines. It covers the range from high-power and -torque variants to fuel-efficient derivatives. The new powertrains are also up to 90 kg lighter than the present ones and fuel economy is improved by up to 35%.
Independent on-engine test results have verified the simulation predictions that a Torotrak V-Charge variable drive mechanical supercharger enables more ambitious levels of engine downsizing. Next generation downsizing and downspeeding remain the industry’s best near-term solutions for reducing carbon emissions.
Federal-Mogul Corporation has developed an innovative aluminum piston design that can reliably withstand the mechanical and thermal loads produced by heavily boosted engines, thereby enhancing diesel engine performance and supporting diesel downsizing. The grain size of the re-melted part is approximately one tenth of the as-cast size.
The Advanced Elastoval II piston enters series production later this year in a new European passenger car, where it contributes to gains in fuel economy and reductions in CO 2. piston design, analysis tools and testing at Federal-Mogul’s global development centers have. optimized design. optimized design. Advances in.
A new white paper published by the International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT), in collaboration with Eaton, Ricardo, JCI, BorgWarner, Honeywell, and the ITB Group, analyzes current turbocharged, downsized gasoline engine technology developments and trends.
Schematic of downsized and supercharged four-stroke hybrid pneumatic spark injection engine. The reduction in fuel consumption is obtained mainly through enabling the effective use of a heavily downsized engine, rather than from regenerative efficiency. Source: ETH Zürich. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.). Earlier post.).
This trend of increasing demand for higher octane gasoline is likely driven by changes in fuel requirements for light-duty vehicles (LDV) in response to increasing fuel economy standards, which will have widespread implications for future gasoline markets, according to EIA analysts. of new gasoline-fueled LDV sales. Source: U.S.
At the recent 2013 SAE World Congress, engineers from Bosch and AVL presented papers on progress in the ACCESS project, describing the design, combustion development and controls development for a resulting 4-cylinder gasoline turbocharged direct injection (GTDI) engine with part-load HCCI capability. Earlier post.). I4 Ecotec engine.
FEV’s 698 cm 3 Extremely Downsized Engine. will show its Extremely Downsized Engine (EDE) at next week’s 2010 SAE World Congress in Detroit. A significant goal in this optimization was to reduce wall wetting to reduce the potential of diluting the engine’s oil supply with fuel. Click to enlarge.
SAE’s 2012 High Efficiency IC Engine Symposium in Detroit—the second as an immediate precursor to the SAE World Congress—opened on Sunday with a consideration of several alternative engine designs: opposed piston 2-stroke (Achates Power); variable compression ratio (MCE-5); split cycle (Scuderi); and advanced rotary (Liquid Piston).
This marks Toyota’s first downsizing of its HSD technology. This engineering solution targets the independent powering of the air-conditioning unit for improved full hybrid powertrain fuel economy. Introducing full hybrid technology into the B-segment presented Toyota with several unique engineering challenges.
Safety –The new module design reduces the operating temperature of the cells allowing for a safer operating environment. The design has already passed UN 38.3 The design has already passed UN 38.3 Hypertruck ERX pairs a downsized generator with a small battery pack.
On-road tests using a working prototype showed fuel efficiency improvements of up to 6%, according to Dr. Andreas Schamel, director, Ford Global Powertrain, Research & Advanced Engineering in Vienna last week. Pattern of alternating cylinder deactivation (the red phase designates the active operating mode). Source: Schaeffler.
An analysis by FEV of a modeled automotive scale version of Pinnacle’s 4-stroke, spark-ignited (SI), opposed-piston, sleeve-valve architecture engine ( earlier post ) concluded that the engine has the potential to deliver significant additional fuel economy benefits of up to 42.6% Fuel economy. increase in fuel economy (37.5
reduction in fuel consumption achieved with XL Hybrids’ aftermarket hybrid electric powertrain ( earlier post ) on a light-duty cargo van on the UDDS cycle (urban conditions). The testing process compares fuel economy performance from the vehicle in its original condition with the performance using XL Hybrids’ charge-sustaining hybrid system.
Toyota’s targeted cost reductions in fuel cell vehicles. In a news conference at the Japan National Press Club on Friday, Toyota Motor President Akio Toyoda said that the company plans to begin mass production of electric vehicles in the US in 2012, followed by US production of fuel cell vehicles in 2015. Source: Toyota.
The engine should yield fuel efficiency gains of more than 50% compared to a downsized, turbo-charged gasoline direct injection engine, while reducing the overall cost of the powertrain system, said Fabien Redon, Vice President, Technology Development at Achates Power. Earlier post.)
The analysis used the Ohio State University EcoCAR, a student prototype PHEV, as the basis for the preliminary fuel economy evaluation. They then designed a quasi-static thermodynamic model of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) optimized to fit the prototype vehicle. Δ in fuel consumption. of the fuel energy on the NEDC cycle.
Toyota Motor continues to lay the foundation for the introduction of its production fuel cell hybrid vehicle in 2015; the company began work on fuel cell technology in 1992. The output power is more than 100kW, despite significant unit downsizing. Toyota’s view of hydrogen.
The new timing chain is designed to reduce friction, resulting in as much as 0.3 improvement in fuel economy based on customer testing. BorgWarner will produce the new low-friction engine timing chains for a variety of 0.66- to 2.0-liter liter gasoline engines for vehicles in Japan, China and Korea.
A study by a team from Ford Motor Company and AVL has concluded that a mid-level ethanol blend—greater than E20 but less than E40—appears to be attractive as a long-term future fuel for the US for use in engines optimized for the higher octane blend. The stoichiometric air-fuel ratio of ethanol is 9.0, Earlier post.)
Small displacement engines offer excellent CO 2 and fuel economy benefits; they have lower parasitic losses and operate more efficiently under part load conditions. They have also designed a 100 mpg UK (83 mpg US, 2.8 It comprises materials experts and vehicle designers as well as body and powertrain engineers.
The A dvanced C ombustion C oncepts— E nabling S ystems and S olutions (ACCESS) is developing advanced combustion control concepts along with with an enabling system, subsystem and component level solutions for the management of multi-mode/multi-fuel combustion events. the dual injection system design with DI + PFI.
Modelled results of fuel consumption in 2011 Nissan Sentra. The Sentra model was simulated through a standardized Federal Test Procedure-75 (FTP-75) drive cycle for each SSC engine design. Preliminary results showed up to a 25% decrease in fuel consumption (i.e., Source: Scuderi. Click to enlarge.
UK clean fuel and energy storage company ITM Power and The Hardstaff Group have signed a Memorandum of Understanding to develop and market a Hydrogen Compressed Natural Gas (HCNG) fuel system for Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGVs). ITM Power designs and manufactures hydrogen energy systems for energy storage and clean fuel production.
Fuel mass flow comparison shows Pinnacle engine ahead at just about all points in the map. FEV performed engine mappings in a dynamometer test cell to evaluate the fuel economy of Pinnacle’s TP90 scooter engine compared to a benchmark engine (N15) from Pinnacle’s Asian OEM partner. Click to enlarge. Improvement during CDC: 28.7%.
liter units which are part of a new generation of engines from the Kappa family—meet growing demand for small capacity, turbocharged engines to reduce fuel consumption and CO 2 emission without compromising performance. Both engines—1.0-liter liter and 1.4-liter liter T-GDI engine. liter T-GDI unit. liter engine. Based on a 1.7-liter
In a paper presented at the 2019 Vienna Motor Symposium this week, Delphi Technologies will unveil a new 500+ bar GDi system that can reduce particulate emissions by up to 50% compared to state-of-the-art 350 bar system without expensive engine design modifications. Delphi 500+ bar GDi pump. Delphi 500+ bar GDi injector. —Walter Piock.
In October 2015, the US Department of Energy’s (DOE) launched a broad, joint effort to co-optimize the development of efficient engines and low greenhouse-gas fuels for on-road vehicles with the goal of reducing petroleum consumption by 30% by 2030 beyond what is already targeted. Earlier post.)
Peugeot said that it is also designing a vehicle which will embody all of the spirit of the BB1 concept car: 2.5m, 4 seats and 100% electric. Peugeot continues to improve engine efficiency with a downsizing strategy for its gasoline and HDi FAP diesel engines. Earlier post.). Peugeot said it will also target new markets. Full Hybrid.
In a presentation at the SAE 2014 High Efficiency IC Engine Symposium and then in a paper given at SAE 2014 World Congress, Mark Sellnau, Engineering Manager, Delphi Advanced Powertrain, reported that Brake Specific Fuel Consumption for the 1.8L Vehicle fuel efficiency on FTP. +35% Background. Earlier post.) Earlier post.)
The team sees further potential for fuel economy improvement with engine downsizing. Estimated drive-cycle fuel economy and emissions—based on the single-cylinder 0.66L research engine efficiency and emissions maps—was 32.4 H2-DI showed a combined cycle fuel economy improvement to 45.4 Source: Wallner 2011.
A team of engineers from GM Powertrain, Ford and FCA have published a detailed review of how to estimate the engine efficiency benefits of higher octane fuel—e.g., fuel with higher ethanol content—for part- and full-load operation for different engine types and fuel assumptions. —Leone et al.
Test results from that supplier have demonstrated potential fuel-saving, engine down-sizing and/or down-speeding opportunities without adversely affecting performance and drivability. NuVinci prototypes designed for use in an OEM application have also passed automotive class durability testing by the tier one supplier. The red line.
Schematic diagram of the successful “shoebox” reformer design and a picture of the core, after insertion of the catalyst. A team at Monsanto and colleagues at AVL Powertrain have successfully designed and demonstrated an onboard low-temperature ethanol reformer that can be driven by exhaust heat. Credit: ACS, Sall et al.
Use of a variable compression ratio (VCR) could be one technology approach to reducing fuel consumption in highly boosted (e.g., downsized, turbocharged) gasoline engine, as operating an engine with higher compression ratios at low load can increase fuel economy compared to operating an engine with fixed compression ratio.
Computer-generated image of the Turbulent Jet Igniter, designed to replace the spark plug in a modern spark ignition combustion system. The switching of combustion modes limits fuel economy improvements and maximum compression ratio for knock avoidance. Click to enlarge. The system also reduces engine-out NO x by more than 99%.the
The US Department of Energy (DOE) has announced the 2017 Small Business Innovation Research and Small Business Technology Transfer (SBIR/STTR) Phase I Release 2 topics , including three subtopics focused on hydrogen and fuel cell technologies. The fuel cell topics: Innovative Materials and/or Technologies for Bipolar Plates for PEM Fuel Cell.
Improving battery power to such as level would further enable hybridization to near-HEV levels as well as engine downsizing, thereby enabling fuel economy improvements beyond the current 10-15% MHEV limit. Finally, partial hybridization using the 48V powertrain may be integrated to improve fuel economy. —Abdellahi et al.
The second family of new downsized power units to be introduced after the gasoline 1.6-liter Class-leading attenuation of noise, vibration and harshness, high power/torque density and low fuel consumption were the main development objectives. Click to enlarge. Opel is introducing a new four-cylinder, 1.6-liter liter range.
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the US Department of Transportation (DOT) formally unveiled their joint proposal to set stronger fuel economy and greenhouse gas pollution standards for Model Year 2017-2025 passenger cars and light trucks. L/100km), if the vehicles were to meet this CO 2 level all through fuel economy.
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