Coal, Comparison, Light and Oil

Tsinghua University provincial-level lifecycle study finds fuel-cycle criteria pollutants of EVs in China could be up to 5x those of natural gas vehicles due to China’s coal-dominant power mix

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 12, 2013

In regions where the share of coal-based electricity is relatively low, EVs can achieve substantial GHG reduction, the team reports in a paper in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. emissions are less important because of the low contribution of light duty vehicles to national PM 10 and PM 2.5

Coal

Coal Pollution China Gas

Ecofys report concludes current European regulations underestimating GHG reductions

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2014

The study was commissioned by the European Oilseed Alliance (EOA), the European Biodiesel Board (EBB) and the European Vegetable Oil and Proteinmeal Industry (FEDIOL). Even for conventional oil production fields, because larger existing fields get depleted, the extraction efforts increase while smaller fields are taken in operation.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Oil 2014 Fuel

Rice study finds using natural gas for electricity and heating, not transportation, more effective in reducing GHGs

Green Car Congress

MARCH 9, 2016

Rice University researchers have determined a more effective way to use natural gas to reduce climate-warming emissions would be in the replacement of existing coal-fired power plants and fuel-oil furnaces rather than burning it in cars and buses.

Gas-Electric

Gas-Electric Gas Transportation Coal

Tunable high-yield catalytic approach converts pyrolysis oil to bio-hydrocarbon chemical feedstocks including fuel additives

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2010

Pyrolysis bio-oils are produced by the thermal decomposition of biomass by heating in the absence of oxygen at more than 500 °C; fast pyrolysis of biomass is much less expensive than biomass conversion technologies based on gasification or fermentation processes. Solid arrows: Pyrolysis oil is directly passed over the zeolite catalyst.

Oil

Oil Convert Hydrogen Fuel

EEA report: EVs are better for climate and air quality

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2018

BEVs charged with electricity generated from coal currently have higher life-cycle emissions than ICEVs, whereas the life-cycle emissions of a BEV could be almost 90% lower than an equivalent ICEV using electricity generated from wind power. —“Electric vehicles from life cycle and circular economy perspectives”. g CO 2 /km) since 2012.

Climate

Climate Pollution Gasoline-Electric 2017

Full lifecycle CO2 of new Mercedes C-Class 10% less than outgoing model

Green Car Congress

MARCH 31, 2014

CO 2 emissions of the C 180 in comparison to its predecessor [t/car]. For example, the iron demand is less because the share of steel is less, while the bauxite demand increases because of the higher light alloy share. Where energy resources are concerned, lignite, hard coal and uranium figure principally in car production.

Mercedes

Mercedes CO2 2007 MPG

Swiss WTW study finds important role for alternative fuels as well as alt drivetrains in move to low-emissions vehicles

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 3, 2014

Third, the analysis offers a novel comparison of drivetrain and energy carrier production pathways based on natural resource categories. This is a positive outcome in light of the implementation and infrastructure challenges associated with alternative drivetrain technologies. Second, it is specific to Switzerland. 2013.10.043.

Alternative Fuels

Alternative Fuels Emissions Fuel Switzerland

Taking another look at methanol as an alternative transportation fuel for the US

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 17, 2011

Large scale production of methanol from natural gas and coal is a well-developed. In comparison, they noted, the technology for bio-chemical ethanol production from cellulosic biomass is not sufficiently developed yet. Methanol first surfaced as a potentially interesting transportation fuel in the wake of the oil crisis in 1973.

Transportation

Transportation Fuel Coal Gasoline

The Case for Nuclear Cargo Ships

Cars That Think

JANUARY 20, 2024

The IMO’s previous goal was a 50 percent reduction by 2050 in comparison with 2008 levels. At the same time, it’s becoming apparent that alternative-fuel solutions we’re looking at have big drawbacks, and that producing these fuels will take a lot of green power that will be needed to replace coal and gas on shore.

Molten Salt

Molten Salt Mariner South Korea Water

Geely invests in Carbon Recycling Intl.; vehicles fueled by methanol from CO2, water and renewable energy

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2015

Methanol can be produced from a range of renewable sources and fossil-fuel based feed-stocks; in practice methanol is mainly produced in coal-rich China from coal. Their results showed that in comparison with gasoline mode, CO emitted in methanol mode decreased 11.2%. Methanol in China. —Wang et al.

Renewable

Renewable Carbon Water Fuel

New petroleum refining lifecycle model finds the variability in GHG emissions from refining different crudes as significant as magnitude expected in upstream operations

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 9, 2012

Comparison of GHGenius, JACOBS, TIAX, and the new PRELIM gasoline greenhouse gas (GHG) estimates using base case estimates and variations from the scenario analysis. Annual GHG emissions from a large refinery are comparable to the emissions of a typical 500 MW coal-fired power plant. Credit: ACS, Abella and Bergerson. Click to enlarge.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Emissions Oil Hydrogen

NETL Report Concludes CTL Plus Carbon Capture Results in Fuel with 5-12% Less Lifecycle GHG Than Petroleum Diesel; Modest Biomass Additions Lower GHG Further

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 7, 2009

Background colors of the cells represent the crude oil price required for economic feasibility. These synthetic fuels are economically competitive with petro-diesel when the crude oil price (COP) is at or above $86 per barrel (based on a 20% rate of return, in January 2008 dollars, with a carbon price of zero). Tarka et al.

Carbon

Carbon Diesel Fuel Coal

Study: even with high LDV electrification, low-carbon biofuels will be necessary to meet 80% GHG reduction target; “daunting” policy implications

Green Car Congress

JULY 3, 2015

The study estimated national fuel and emissions impacts from increasing reliance on electrified light-duty transportation, and the resulting implications for advanced biofuels. They considered state-specific contributions from nine generating technologies: coal, oil, natural gas, hydro, biogas, geothermal, nuclear, wind, and solar.

Carbon

Carbon EPRI Climate Gasoline-Electric

Separate MIT, IEA reports both outline major expansion in role of natural gas; caution on climate benefits

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2011

In the US, a combination of demand reduction and displacement of coal-fired power by gas-fired generation is the lowest cost way to reduce CO 2 emissions by up to 50%. Natural gas use in the transportation sector is likely to increase, with the primary benefit being reduced oil dependence.

MIT

MIT Gas Climate Gas-Electric

IEA World Energy Outlook view on the transport sector to 2035; passenger car fleet doubling to almost 1.7B units, driving oil demand up to 99 mb/d; reconfirming the end of cheap oil

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2011

Change in primary oil demand by sector and region in the central New Policies Scenario, 2010-2035. Under the WEO 2011 central scenario, oil demand rises from 87 million barrels per day (mb/d) in 2010 to 99 mb/d in 2035, with all the net growth coming from the transport sector in emerging economies. Click to enlarge. billion in 2035.

Oil

Oil Transportation Cheap Fleet

Kyoto team develops two-stage process for direct liquefaction of low-rank coal and biomass under mild conditions

Green Car Congress

MAY 11, 2015

Researchers at Kyoto University in Japan have proposed a novel two-stage process to convert low-rank coals or biomass wastes under mild conditions to high-quality liquid fuel. Also, liquefying high-oxygen content low-ranking coal and biomass also consumes more hydrogen and produces more CO 2 , significantly reducing process efficiency.

Coal

Coal Waste Oil Hydrogen

Study suggests current levels of methane leakage would result in numerous decades of more rapid climate change from a shift to natural gas vehicles

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2012

A) CNG light-duty cars vs. gasoline cars; (B) CNG heavy-duty vehicles vs. diesel vehicles; and (C) combined-cycle natural gas plants vs. supercritical coal plants using low-CH 4 coal. On the one hand, a shift to natural gas is promoted as climate mitigation because it has lower carbon per unit energy than coal or oil.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Gas Coal

Final session on international mercury convention this week expected to culminate in agreement; UNEP Global Mercury Assessment 2013 finds industrial source Hg emissions may be rising

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2013

Comparison of Hg emissions in 2005 and 2010, by selected sector and region. Unintentional emission sectors: Coal burning, ferrous- and non-ferrous (Au, Cu, Hg, Pb, Zn) metal production, cement production. Artisanal and small-scale gold mining and coal burning are the major sources of anthropogenic mercury emissions to air.

Mercury

Mercury Emissions 2013 Global

Using the PHEV (Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle) to Transition Society Seamlessly and Profitably From Fossil Fuel to 100% Renewable Energy

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2015

Appendix B: Car of the Future: A Comparison of Alternative Vehicles. The combination of harvesting whole forests and burning long-sequestered carbon sources such as coal or oil has impaired the Earth’s carbon cycle at an increasing pace. More information on e-mile comparisons is given by Reference Nº 2. Conclusions.

PHEV

PHEV Plug-in Renewable Energy

KLM Testing MDI AirPod Compressed Air Cars at Schiphol; UC Berkeley Study Finds Compressed Air Cars Significantly Less Efficient than Battery Electric Vehicles

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 13, 2009

The study, published in the journal Environmental Research Letters , concluded that even under highly optimistic assumptions the compressed-air car is significantly less efficient than a battery electric vehicle and produces more greenhouse gas emissions than a conventional gas-powered car with a coal intensive power mix.

Electric Vehicles

Electric Vehicles Batteries Battery Cars

GM Says Chevrolet Volt Won't 'Pay the Rent' | Autopia from Wired.com

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 16, 2009

That way you have a fair basis of comparison, you know, apples to apples and all that jazz. GM killed that car because of back room deals with oil companies, and now they expect us to believe that they are just so cutting edge now? Honda has probably sold more Civics in a year than the combined total of all 18 of those GM models.

Volt

Volt GM Chevrolet EV1

EV Driven

Tsinghua University provincial-level lifecycle study finds fuel-cycle criteria pollutants of EVs in China could be up to 5x those of natural gas vehicles due to China’s coal-dominant power mix

Ecofys report concludes current European regulations underestimating GHG reductions

Rice study finds using natural gas for electricity and heating, not transportation, more effective in reducing GHGs

Tunable high-yield catalytic approach converts pyrolysis oil to bio-hydrocarbon chemical feedstocks including fuel additives

EEA report: EVs are better for climate and air quality

Full lifecycle CO2 of new Mercedes C-Class 10% less than outgoing model

Swiss WTW study finds important role for alternative fuels as well as alt drivetrains in move to low-emissions vehicles

Taking another look at methanol as an alternative transportation fuel for the US

The Case for Nuclear Cargo Ships

Geely invests in Carbon Recycling Intl.; vehicles fueled by methanol from CO2, water and renewable energy

New petroleum refining lifecycle model finds the variability in GHG emissions from refining different crudes as significant as magnitude expected in upstream operations

NETL Report Concludes CTL Plus Carbon Capture Results in Fuel with 5-12% Less Lifecycle GHG Than Petroleum Diesel; Modest Biomass Additions Lower GHG Further

Study: even with high LDV electrification, low-carbon biofuels will be necessary to meet 80% GHG reduction target; “daunting” policy implications

Separate MIT, IEA reports both outline major expansion in role of natural gas; caution on climate benefits

IEA World Energy Outlook view on the transport sector to 2035; passenger car fleet doubling to almost 1.7B units, driving oil demand up to 99 mb/d; reconfirming the end of cheap oil

Kyoto team develops two-stage process for direct liquefaction of low-rank coal and biomass under mild conditions

Study suggests current levels of methane leakage would result in numerous decades of more rapid climate change from a shift to natural gas vehicles

Final session on international mercury convention this week expected to culminate in agreement; UNEP Global Mercury Assessment 2013 finds industrial source Hg emissions may be rising

Using the PHEV (Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle) to Transition Society Seamlessly and Profitably From Fossil Fuel to 100% Renewable Energy

KLM Testing MDI AirPod Compressed Air Cars at Schiphol; UC Berkeley Study Finds Compressed Air Cars Significantly Less Efficient than Battery Electric Vehicles

GM Says Chevrolet Volt Won't 'Pay the Rent' | Autopia from Wired.com

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