2011, Ozone and Universal

Study finds São Paulo switch from ethanol to gasoline dropped local ozone levels by 20%, increased CO and nitric oxide concentrations

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2014

A study by a pair of researchers at Northwestern University found that when fuel prices drove residents of São Paulo, Brazil, to switch from ethanol to gasoline in their flexible-fuel vehicles, local ozone levels dropped 20%. Ozone levels are relatively high in São Paulo, with hourly concentrations above 75 and 125 µg m ?

Ozone

Ozone Gasoline Pollution Gasoline-Electric

Study finds that unregulated VSLS efficient at influencing climate through depletion of stratospheric ozone

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 17, 2015

Although halogens released from long-lived anthropogenic substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), are the principal cause of the recent depletion of stratospheric ozone, recent observations show that very short-lived substances (VSLS), with lifetimes generally under six months, are also an important source of stratospheric halogens.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Industrial Industry

Texas study finds PHEV use could increase ozone at night, decrease ozone during the day

Green Car Congress

APRIL 22, 2011

A study by researchers at the University of Texas found that in general, use of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) can lead to an increase in ozone during nighttime hours (due to decreased scavenging from both vehicles and EGU stacks) and a decrease in ozone during daytime hours.

Ozone

Ozone PHEV Texas San Antonio

Airborne measurements show ozone-forming VOCs emissions from ethanol plant higher than government estimates

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2015

VOCs and nitrogen oxides react with sunlight to form ground-level ozone, the main component of smog. They then compared their findings with government emissions estimates from 2011. The researchers used those to calculate emissions of various gases, including VOCs, nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide. —Joost de Gouw.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions Colorado Coal

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 15, 2020

Barrett and his colleagues developed such tools, drawing on fundamental work by Daven Henze at the University of Colorado at Boulder, to track how every state in the contiguous US affects pollution and health outcomes in every other state. They first obtained emissions data from each of seven sectors for the years 2005, 2011, and 2018.

MIT

MIT Pollution Emissions 2005

Study: curbing diesel emissions could reduce mortality rates in big cities

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2019

Freight transportation is a pillar of the US national economy, but while long-haul trucks account for less than 6% of the vehicle miles traveled over US highways, they account for about 40% of the emissions of air polluting particulate matter and about 55% of nitrogen oxides, the precursor to ozone in the atmosphere, the study said.

Emissions

Emissions Diesel Ozone United States

São Paulo study finds concentration of ultrafine particulates rose by 1/3 in switch from ethanol to gasoline

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2017

Geiger and Alberto Salvo, an associate professor of economics at the National University of Singapore, led the study—their second with São Paulo big data. Officials, Geiger said, will need to weigh the increase in ozone against the decrease in nanoparticles when ethanol is used. are not regulated.

Gasoline

Gasoline Singapore Brazil Ozone

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2018

NO x emissions have not been decreasing as expected in recent years (2011–2015) when comparing top-down estimates from satellites and surface NO 2 measurements to the trends predicted from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s emission inventory data, according to a new study by an international team of researchers. —Jiang et al.

Emissions

Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA

Study finds damage due to premature mortality from PM2.5 decreased >20% from 2008 to 2014

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 7, 2019

related damages, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University and Stanford have found that, US-economy-wide, gross external damage (GED) due to premature mortality has decreased by more than 20% from 2008 to 2014. GED was calculated for the 3 most recent NEI years: 2008, 2011, and 2014. In a new study of PM 2.5 Tschofen et al.

2008

2008 2014 Pollution Economy

Study uncovers role of longer-chain unburned hydrocarbon emissions from diesels in London air pollution; calls for regulatory shift

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 27, 2015

The study found that 60% of the winter primary hydrocarbon hydroxyl radical reactivity in London is from those diesel-related hydrocarbons; the authors predicted that the longer-chain HCs contribute up to 50 % of the ozone production potential in London. Dunmore et al.

London

London Pollution Diesel Emissions

Study: more stringent O3 and PM2.5 air pollution standards could save thousands of lives, greatly improve public health

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 11, 2016

In “Estimated Excess Morbidity and Mortality Caused by Air Pollution above ATS Recommended Standards, 2011-2013,” published online in the August edition of Annals of the American Thoracic Society , researchers report on the annual health benefits of meeting more protective standards recommended by the ATS for O 3 and PM 2.5. 201602-103AR.

Pollution

Pollution Standards Ozone EPA

Life cycle analysis of three battery chemistries for PHEVs and BEVs; environmental impacts higher than expected

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2011

Researchers from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) have performed life cycle assessments (LCA) of three batteries for plug-in hybrid (PHEV) and full performance battery electric (BEV) vehicles. Flow diagram of the battery system, defined by the functional unit of 50 MJ stored and delivered to the powertrain.

Nickel Metal Hydride

Nickel Metal Hydride NiMH PHEV Li-ion

Study finds that cities with highly contiguous built-up areas have on average lower NO2 concentrations

Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2011

In the first empirical study using satellite measurements to explore the relationship between urban form and air pollution, a team from the University of Minnesota has found that cities with highly contiguous built-up areas have, on average, lower concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 , a key component of urban air pollution).

Pollution

Pollution Ozone Minnesota Global

Critical review finds actual measurement data on segments of natural gas lifecycle sparse or lacking

Green Car Congress

JULY 8, 2014

Between 2000 and 2011, the number of producing gas wells in the US increased by 50%, reaching 514,637. Air emissions from the natural gas life cycle include greenhouse gases, ozone precursors (volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides), air toxics, and particulates. jobs vs environmental stewardship). —Moore et al.

Gas

Gas Oil-Sands Emissions Oil

Air pollution may shorten survival of patients with lung cancer

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 5, 2016

Air pollution may shorten the survival of patients with lung cancer, suggests a population-based study by a team from the University of Southern California published in the journal Thorax. Participants’ average exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), ozone (O 3 ), particulate matter of less than 10 um, and less than 2.5

Pollution

Pollution 2016 Ozone California

MIT study finds air quality co-benefits of US carbon policies can significantly offset costs, depending upon the policy

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2014

In 2011, 231 counties in the US exceeded the EPA’s regulatory standards for ozone, the main component of smog. The MIT group paid especially close attention to how changes in emissions caused by policy translate into improvements in local and regional air quality, using comprehensive models of both the economy and the atmosphere.

MIT

MIT Carbon Climate Climate Change

Study finds paved surfaces in Houston worsen air quality

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2011

Houston, with a mix of petrochemical facilities, sprawling suburbs, and traffic jams that stretch for miles, has some of the highest levels of ground-level ozone and other air pollutants in the United States. The article is in press in the Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres , a publication of the American Geophysical Union.

Houston

Houston Pollution Wind 2000

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

reported in their paper on a policy workshop convened in 2011 on the relevance of traffic-related wear emissions for air quality policy development, with the focus on non-exhaust PM emissions. As reported earlier here ( earlier post ) a recent literature review by a team from the University of Edinburgh (Timmers et al. earlier post ).

Exhaust

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric

National Academies release third review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2015

These projects have brought together a wide variety of companies, the national laboratories, and universities. California’s and, potentially, EPA’s move toward further heavy-duty NO x reductions to meet National Ambient Air Quality Standards for ozone will be critical. These new targets need to be set for the research efforts.

MPG

MPG Miles 2009 Fuel

EV Driven

Study finds São Paulo switch from ethanol to gasoline dropped local ozone levels by 20%, increased CO and nitric oxide concentrations

Study finds that unregulated VSLS efficient at influencing climate through depletion of stratospheric ozone

Texas study finds PHEV use could increase ozone at night, decrease ozone during the day

Airborne measurements show ozone-forming VOCs emissions from ethanol plant higher than government estimates

MIT study: half of US deaths related to air pollution are linked to out-of-state emissions

Study: curbing diesel emissions could reduce mortality rates in big cities

São Paulo study finds concentration of ultrafine particulates rose by 1/3 in switch from ethanol to gasoline

Study finds significant slowdown in decrease of NOx emissions in US; implications for air quality management

Study finds damage due to premature mortality from PM2.5 decreased >20% from 2008 to 2014

Study uncovers role of longer-chain unburned hydrocarbon emissions from diesels in London air pollution; calls for regulatory shift

Study: more stringent O3 and PM2.5 air pollution standards could save thousands of lives, greatly improve public health

Life cycle analysis of three battery chemistries for PHEVs and BEVs; environmental impacts higher than expected

Study finds that cities with highly contiguous built-up areas have on average lower NO2 concentrations

Critical review finds actual measurement data on segments of natural gas lifecycle sparse or lacking

Air pollution may shorten survival of patients with lung cancer

MIT study finds air quality co-benefits of US carbon policies can significantly offset costs, depending upon the policy

Study finds paved surfaces in Houston worsen air quality

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

National Academies release third review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership

Stay Connected