Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2011

The American Lung Association released its annual report on air quality, State of the Air 2011 , which includes lists of the nation’s most polluted metropolitan areas. million people—live in areas with levels of ozone and/or particle pollution that are often dangerous to breathe. When ozone is inhaled, it irritates the lungs.

Los Angeles 220

Los Angeles Ozone Long Beach Fresno 220

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2018

NO x emissions have not been decreasing as expected in recent years (2011–2015) when comparing top-down estimates from satellites and surface NO 2 measurements to the trends predicted from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s emission inventory data, according to a new study by an international team of researchers.

Emissions 150

Emissions Ozone Pollution EPA 150

Green Car Congress

JULY 28, 2011

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed standards to reduce harmful air pollution from oil and gas drilling operations. These proposed updated standards—which are being issued in response to a court order—would rely on cost-effective existing technologies to reduce emissions.

Escape 186

Escape Gas EPA Oil 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 4, 2011

vehicle emissions under the baseline scenario (a) and the difference between the tight-standard and baseline scenarios (b). However, these standards will not reduce CO 2 emissions, which is required to mitigate long-term climate change, the team notes. million metric tons of avoided ozone-related yield losses of major food crops; $US0.6-2.4

Climate 231

Climate Standards Emissions Climate Change 231

Green Car Congress

MARCH 3, 2017

Each year, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates RVP for gasoline and gasoline-ethanol blended during the summer ozone season from 1 June until 15 September. The purpose of the regulation is to reduce evaporative emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) that contribute to ground-level ozone.

Ozone 150

Ozone EPA Gasoline Iowa 150

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 1, 2019

Freight transportation is a pillar of the US national economy, but while long-haul trucks account for less than 6% of the vehicle miles traveled over US highways, they account for about 40% of the emissions of air polluting particulate matter and about 55% of nitrogen oxides, the precursor to ozone in the atmosphere, the study said.

Emissions 286

Emissions Diesel Ozone United States 286

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 28, 2011

The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has designated the five-county Philadelphia region of Bucks, Delaware, Chester, Montgomery and Philadelphia counties as non-attainment for ozone and fine particulate matter air quality standards.

Pennsylvania 186

Pennsylvania Grant Clean Cleaning 186

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Renault recently made public the findings of an internal study, published first in October 2011, detailing and comparing the lifecycle assessments (LCAs) of the battery-electric and two internal combustion engined versions (gasoline and diesel) of the Renault Fluence. Emission standard. Quantifies the production of pollutant ozone (?

Li-ion 364

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel 364

Green Car Congress

JULY 6, 2010

The proposed Transport Rule sets in place a new approach that can and will be applied again as further pollution reductions are needed to help areas meet air quality health standards, EPA says. This proposal reduces emissions contributing to fine particle (PM 2.5 ) and ozone nonattainment that often travel across state lines.

Pollution 218

Pollution EPA Transportation DC 218

Green Car Congress

MAY 10, 2012

Since 1994, gas stations in areas that do not meet certain air quality standards have been required to use gasoline vapor recovery systems. Gasoline vapors from refueling, if allowed to escape, can contribute significantly to ground-level ozone, sometimes called smog, as well as to other types of harmful air pollution.

Gasoline 210

Gasoline EPA Escape Ozone 210

Green Car Congress

JUNE 29, 2011

The money is being provided competitively through the Federal Transit Administration’s Fiscal Year 2011 Sustainability Initiative, which includes funding from two programs: $51.5 The US Department of Transportation will award up to total of $101.4 million from FTA’s Clean Fuels Grant Program and $49.9

Clean 199

Clean Cleaning Emissions Fuel 199

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2014

Selin and colleagues compared the health benefits to the economic costs of three climate policies: a clean-energy standard, a transportation policy, and a cap-and-trade program. In 2011, 231 counties in the US exceeded the EPA’s regulatory standards for ozone, the main component of smog.

MIT 231

MIT Carbon Climate Climate Change 231

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2010

The Clean Trucks Make Cents program is focused on the eight Southeastern states that make up EPA Region 4, where about 16 million people are subject to levels of air pollution that do not meet National Ambient Air Quality Standards for ground-level ozone, the main component in smog.

Cleaner 186

Cleaner Clean Cleaning EPA 186

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 11, 2014

Many of the strategies employed to reduce GHG emissions will also work to meet the national ambient air quality standard for ozone in 2032. Major transportation related policies already in place are: The Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS). Background. million zero emission vehicles on its roads by 2025.

Transportation 273

Transportation Emissions California Ozone 273

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 25, 2011

The FY 2011-2012 plan focused primarily on five areas of interest: sustainable communities; behavior and technology adoption; health and air pollution exposures; air pollution science; and greenhouse gas targets. The FY 2011-2012 Plan included four projects to support the goal of attaining air quality standards.

Pollution 231

Pollution 2012 California 2013 231

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2015

MARPOL Annex VI sets limits on NO x and SO x emissions from ship exhaust, and prohibits deliberate emissions of ozone-depleting substances. Global requirements include Tier II engine standards (NO x ) and a global limit on marine bunker fuel sulfur content, currently set at 3.5% (35,000 ppm) compared to a global average of 2.7% (27,000 ppm).

Pollution 150

Pollution Emissions Mariner Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 10, 2009

Based on these results, the sponsors of the SAE CRP 1234 have concluded that HFO-1234yf can be used as the global replacement refrigerant in future mobile air conditioning systems and it can be safely accommodated through established industry standards and practices for vehicle design, engineering, manufacturing, and service.

Global 186

Global USA Climate Change Japan 186

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2011

These results were compared with observations of ozone, CO, formaldehyde, BC, and PM 10 from a few well observed urban areas, and in most of the cases, the output distributions were found to be within ranges of the observations. Prinn (2011) Development of a fast, urban chemistry metamodel for inclusion in global models. Cohen, J.B.,

MIT 199

MIT Pollution Climate South Korea 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2010

The enleanment due to oxygen in ethanol and the low volatility of the ethanol portion of the fuel blend at low temperature gives concerns that existing and planned vehicles designed for federal and California emissions test fuels will not meet their required emissions standards when operated on mid-level ethanol blends. A-67 / A-73).

Vehicles 186

Vehicles Emissions 2010 Australia 186

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2015

The Partnership aims to “ accelerate the introduction of advanced truck and bus technologies that use less fuel, have greater fuel diversity, operate more safely, are more reliable, meet future emissions standards, and are cost effective.” These new targets need to be set for the research efforts.

MPG 150

MPG Miles 2009 Fuel 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2013

R134a replaced CFC-12 as the MAC refrigerant in the early 1990s due to the negative impact of CFCs on the Earth’s ozone layer. The performance-based standards for low GWP refrigerants in Europe and the United States allow automakers to choose a replacement for HFC-134a. —Minjares, ICCT Working paper.

Future 311

Future CO2 Climate 2009 311