2007, Available and Ozone

NASA satellite images highlight US air quality improvement with reduction of NO2

Green Car Congress

JUNE 27, 2014

After ten years in orbit, the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on NASA’s Aura satellite has been in orbit sufficiently long to show that people in major US cities are breathing less nitrogen dioxide. They show how nitrogen dioxide concentrations during spring and summer months, averaged from 2005-2007, compare to the average from 2009-2011.

Ozone

Ozone Maryland Aura Pollution

California Air Resources Board Unveils $3.7M in Rebates for Plug-in Hybrid and Zero-Emission Vehicles

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2010

million program that Governor Schwarzenegger approved in 2007 to spur technological innovation in the transportation sector. Rebates are available to individuals, business owners and government entities in California that purchase or lease new eligible zero-emission or plug-in hybrid electric light-duty vehicles now.

Plug-in

Plug-in California Emissions Plug

BP Products to Pay Nearly $180M to Settle Violations at Texas City Refinery; Conversion of Diesel Vehicles to Natural Gas Part of Settlement

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 20, 2009

In October 2007, the company pled guilty to a felony violation of the Clean Air Act and agreed to pay a $50 million fine for violations related to the explosion, the largest criminal fine ever assessed against a corporation for Clean Air Act violations.

Texas

Texas Ozone Diesel Parts

HEI ACES study of lifetime animal exposure to New Technology Diesel Engine exhaust finds no lung cancer

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2015

exhaust from heavy-duty diesel engines meeting EPA 2007 and later emissions requirements—has found no evidence of carcinogenic lung tumors. The study exposed laboratory rats 80 hours a week, for up to 30 months, to emissions from a heavy-duty diesel engine meeting 2007 US EPA standards using new filters and other control technology.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Engine 2007

Study Highlights the Importance of Considering Climate Effects of Non-CO2 Emissions from Transport in Mitigation Strategies and Policies

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2009

The on-road transportation (ORT) and power generation (PG) sectors are major contributors to CO 2 emissions and a host of short-lived radiatively-active air pollutants, including tropospheric ozone and fine aerosol particles, that exert complex influences on global climate. Unger et al. Click to enlarge.

Climate

Climate Emissions Transportation Climate Change

IPCC: GHG emissions accelerating despite mitigation efforts; major institutional and technological change required to keep the heat down

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2014

The global economic crisis 2007/2008 only temporarily reduced emissions. Commercially available liquid and gaseous biofuels already provide co?benefits giga tonne carbon dioxide equivalent (GtCO 2 eq) (2.2%) per year from 2000 to 2010 compared to 0.4 GtCO 2 eq (1.3%) per year from 1970 to 2000. GtCO 2 eq/yr in 2010.

Emissions

Emissions Climate Change 2000 Climate

National Research Council report finds it unlikely the US will meet cellulosic biofuel mandates absent major innovation or a change in policies

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2011

In 2005, Congress enacted the Renewable Fuel Standard as part of the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) and amended it in the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA). Currently, no commercially viable biorefineries exist for converting cellulosic biomass to fuel. Barriers and opportunities.

Renewable

Renewable Tax Credit Conversion Standards

North American Countries Target “Super” Greenhouse Gases Through Strengthened Ozone Treaty

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2010

The US, Canada, and Mexico have submitted a proposal to strengthen climate protection under the Montreal Protocol— the international treaty that phases out the production of a number of substances responsible for ozone depletion. The proposal targets the production and use of HFCs, a group of “super” greenhouse gases. Source: IGSD.

Ozone

Ozone Micronesia Climate Protection Climate

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

Under the Proalcool Program, sugar companies were ordered to increase production and the state-run oil company, Petrobras, was required to make álcool (ethanol) available at its fuel stations. SAE paper # 2007-01-2648. Current Legal Requirement for Use of Anhydrous Ethanol in the United States. 40 CFR § 80.27 40 CFR § 80.27(d)

Transportation

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric

Up close and personal with Volkswagen’s e-Golf carbon offset project: Garcia River Forest

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2015

In February 2008, GRF became one of the first forests—and the largest—to receive verification as a source of greenhouse gas reductions under the protocols of the Climate Action Reserve , adopted by the California Air Resources Board in 2007. ozone depletion potential (ODP). photochemical ozone creation potential.

Carbon

Carbon Personal Store Emissions

SCOPE Biofuels Project Releases Assessment on Environmental Effects of Biofuel Technologies

Green Car Congress

APRIL 3, 2009

A few studies also include other relevant impact indicators as acidification potential, eutrophication potential, ozone depletion potential and various toxicity potentials. 2007) may not be robust. ” In 2007/08, 0.9% However very few studies include water use impacts. In the introductory paper to the collection, Howarth et al.

Conversion

Conversion Water Emissions 2009

Volkswagen to use CO2 as refrigerant for future air conditioning systems

Green Car Congress

MARCH 8, 2013

R134a replaced CFC-12 as the MAC refrigerant in the early 1990s due to the negative impact of CFCs on the Earth’s ozone layer. It has a high cooling capacity and is available worldwide at low cost in the required qualities. Baker (2007) Demonstration of an Energy-Efficient Secondary Loop HFC-152a Mobile Air Conditioning System.

Future

Future CO2 Climate 2009

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

Green Car Congress

APRIL 1, 2009

The draft amends the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 to include nonprofit hospitals and public health facilities among public institutions eligible for grants and loans for energy efficiency. The draft adds HFCs to the list of similar substances that EPA currently regulates because they deplete the ozone layer.

Climate

Climate Standards Carbon California

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2009

Damages are expressed in cents per VMT (2007 USD). The committee that wrote the report focused on monetizing the damage of major air pollutants—sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, and particulate matter—on human health, grain crops and timber yields, buildings, and recreation. Source: “Hidden Costs of Energy”. Click to enlarge.

2005

2005 Cost Of Energy Coal

EV Driven

NASA satellite images highlight US air quality improvement with reduction of NO2

California Air Resources Board Unveils $3.7M in Rebates for Plug-in Hybrid and Zero-Emission Vehicles

BP Products to Pay Nearly $180M to Settle Violations at Texas City Refinery; Conversion of Diesel Vehicles to Natural Gas Part of Settlement

HEI ACES study of lifetime animal exposure to New Technology Diesel Engine exhaust finds no lung cancer

Study Highlights the Importance of Considering Climate Effects of Non-CO2 Emissions from Transport in Mitigation Strategies and Policies

IPCC: GHG emissions accelerating despite mitigation efforts; major institutional and technological change required to keep the heat down

National Research Council report finds it unlikely the US will meet cellulosic biofuel mandates absent major innovation or a change in policies

North American Countries Target “Super” Greenhouse Gases Through Strengthened Ozone Treaty

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Up close and personal with Volkswagen’s e-Golf carbon offset project: Garcia River Forest

SCOPE Biofuels Project Releases Assessment on Environmental Effects of Biofuel Technologies

Volkswagen to use CO2 as refrigerant for future air conditioning systems

House Chairmen Waxman, Markey Release Draft of Energy and Climate Legislation; Among the Many Provisions Are Cap-and-Trade, Harmonization of CAFE and California Vehicle Regulations, and Low Carbon Fuel Standard

National Academies Report Examines Hidden Cost of Energy Production and Use in US; Estimates $120B in 2005

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