Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2015

lb-ft) from a displacement of 1,984 cc; the high torque is applied in a broad range of 1,450 to 4,400 rpm. In the partial load range, an additional injection upstream from the intake valve yields an efficient mixture formation that is already complemented by the direct injection in the intake manifold and in the combustion chamber.

Audi 150

Audi MPG Downsizing 2015 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 18, 2014

The low voltage approach compared with full hybrid and EV nominal voltages, which are typically in the range of 300 to 600V, avoids the need for high cost safety features and large battery packs. Moreover, compared with other electrical machines they have a high efficiency across a large speed range, good controllability, and reliability.

Congress 236

Congress Hybrid Exhaust Gas-Electric 236

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2018

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitrated PAHs were quantified in both the vapor and particle phases of the PM, with the GPF-equipped vehicles practically eliminating most of these species in the exhaust. liter downsized turbocharged centrally-mounted direct injection engine. The first was equipped with a 2.0-liter

Gasoline 253

Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel Economy 253

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 25, 2015

Knock and fuel octane rating are becoming increasingly important due to many powertrain design trends including downsizing, downspeeding, cylinder deactivation, and hybridization. … note, have resulted in a wide range of reported values—from approximately 2.5 In their study, Leone et al.

Engine 150

Engine Fuel GM Ford 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 19, 2013

As a result, as the ethanol content of the fuel is increased, the fuel economy and driving range for a given fuel tank size are reduced. Downsizing/downspeeding. This increase in BMEP can enable downsizing of the engine displacement and/or downspeeding through revised gear ratios, findal drive ratio, or shift scheduling.

Engine 253

Engine Fuel Ford Future 253

Green Car Congress

MAY 7, 2009

The engine generates better fuel consumption than the latest downsized, turbocharged GDI engines, and is optimal for use in an range-extended electric vehicle application, according to the company. Exhaust from the low-pressure cylinder. The 3-cylinder, 700cc engine delivers power output comparable to a 1.8-liter Ilmor Overview.

Concept Engine 150

Concept Engine Engine Concept Exhaust 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 24, 2010

In recent years two methods, namely downsizing and downspeeding, were established on the market to reduce CO 2 emissions while maintaining the driving performance of engines with identical effective power but a larger displacement. bar) is achieved by applying high- or low-pressure exhaust-gas recirculation loops. < IMEP < 22.5

Engine 170

Engine Hybrid Fuel Exhaust 170

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 4, 2009

The central part of the method is a new fuel system including high-temperature fuel injectors and a common rail to deliver SC fuel-diluent mixtures for combustion over ranges of conditions which will significantly improve engine efficiency, reduce PM and NO x and mitigate the environmental thermal impact. At SC conditions, however (T?450

Diesel 225

Diesel Fuel Emissions 2009 225

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 16, 2013

Homogeneous GDI provides fuel efficiency benefits from charge air cooling, more facile turbocharging, and the downsizing that these permit. Schematic diagram of test vehicle engine & exhaust system and PM sampling systems. Resources. —Maricq et al. Credit: ACS, Maricq et al. Click to enlarge. gasoline blend.

Standards 246

Standards Emissions Miles Engine 246

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2016

The upside of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines is widely seen as being improved fuel economy coupled with an increase in specific power (especially with turbocharging), enabling significant downsizing. This large range was primarily due to the large uncertainty in the impacts of GDI engines on BC emissions. —Zimmerman.

Climate 150

Climate Engine Carbon Fuel Economy 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 28, 2016

The researchers suggest that there are engine architectures that can provide higher thermodynamic efficiencies than available from modern internal combustion engines; however, new fuels are required to maximize efficiency and operability across a wide speed/load range. How do engine parameters affect efficiency?

Engine 150

Engine Fuel Vehicles Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2013

With that as a premise, they go on to show that the efficiency of existing vehicles can be both positively and negatively affected by ethanol content, ranging from ?15% higher for ethanol/gasoline blends than for gasoline but varies within a wide range from 14.9% ESR can range from ?1.42 15% to +24%. lower to 23.6% respectively.

Fuel 210

Fuel Energy Gasoline-Electric Gasoline 210

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 20, 2013

A team at Monsanto and colleagues at AVL Powertrain have successfully designed and demonstrated an onboard low-temperature ethanol reformer that can be driven by exhaust heat. Many papers have described high-temperature steam reforming of ethanol at around 600 °C but.this temperature is too high to be driven by engine exhaust.

Fuel Economy 230

Fuel Economy Exhaust Economy Fuel 230

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 17, 2015

The engine should yield fuel efficiency gains of more than 50% compared to a downsized, turbo-charged gasoline direct injection engine, while reducing the overall cost of the powertrain system, said Fabien Redon, Vice President, Technology Development at Achates Power. Earlier post.) displacements, said Redon. earlier post ).

Downsizing 150

Downsizing Engine Fuel Gasoline 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 3, 2017

A downsized gasoline engine is one of the proven technologies that improves engine thermal efficiency and thus reduces automotive fleet CO 2 emissions, by as much as 25%. A downsized gasoline engine is one of the proven technologies that improves engine thermal efficiency and thus reduces automotive fleet CO 2 emissions, by as much as 25%.

Engine 150

Engine Downsizing Fuel Gasoline 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 17, 2014

. … PPCI has demonstrated very good potential for very high fuel efficiency with low engine-out NO x and PM emissions using a range of gasoline-like fuels. Due to the lower exhaust enthalpy of lower temperature engines using PPCI, it is difficult to produce intake boost with acceptable boost system parasitis. —Sellnau et al.

Gasoline 304

Gasoline Engine Fuel Wisconsin 304

Green Car Congress

MAY 8, 2013

To achieve the target fuel economy improvement over the baseline V6 configuration, the team used GTDI technology for downsizing in combination with part-load lean homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) operation for further fuel economy gains. The project team is replacing a 3.6L I4 Ecotec engine. Combustion studies.

Fuel Economy 278

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Engine 278

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2014

In a paper on the OBS presented at the SAE 2014 World Congress, the researchers suggested that potential applications include downsizing to increase fuel economy by ?10% The OBS system uses waste exhaust energy to effect the fuel separation and provides a simple and reliable means for managing the separated fuels.

Gasoline 316

Gasoline Engine Toyota Fuel Economy 316

Green Car Congress

JUNE 16, 2011

Turbocharging and downsizing can also yield fuel consumption reductions. Downsizing is an important strategy applicable in combination with technologies that increase engine torque, such as turbocharging or supercharging. Part of the gain from advanced-level CI diesel engines comes from downsizing.

Fuel 210

Fuel Downsizing Fuel Economy Diesel 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 14, 2011

The research presented at this World Congress was designed to: Present the current speed load range of TJI operation. Continuously variable camshaft phasers for both the intake and exhaust enabled variable valve timing. Standard production intake and exhaust profiles were retained. The new study. —Attard et al.

Fuel Economy 210

Fuel Economy Economy Engine Fuel 210

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 22, 2016

In 2013 the European Parliament recommended an “indicative range” of 68–78 g/km for 2025, while holding out the possibility that even lower targets should be considered if justified. These individual class curves are then sales weighted to estimate fleet average compliance costs for a range of potential CO 2 standards.

CO2 150

CO2 2014 Cars Exhaust 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 4, 2013

Since the pistons cyclically expose or occlude the exhaust and intake ports, there is no valve train. Because the intake and exhaust ports are at the opposite ends of the cylinder, opposed-piston engines have efficient, uniflow scavenging. Scavenging continues until a 230° crank angle, at which time the exhaust ports close.

Diesel 334

Diesel Power Powered Exhaust 334

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 4, 2011

HCCI range extension with boosting. Elements of the multi-mode combustion system include: Spark-ignited (SI) combustion with high compression ratio and high boost assisted by cooled external exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). Two-stage boost—a small supercharger for HCCI, and a regular turbocharger for downsizing.

Fuel Economy 218

Fuel Economy Gasoline Light Engine 218

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

The study, by a team of researchers from Carnegie Mellon University, University of Georgia, Aerodyne Research, California Air Resources Board (ARB), Ohio State University, UC Berkeley, and UC San Diego is published in the ACS journal Environmental Science & Technology. —Saliba et al. —Saliba et al. Presto, Andrew T. May, Greg T.

Fleet 207

Fleet Engine Global Fuel Economy 207

Green Car Congress

MARCH 20, 2013

Compared to gasoline, the lower alcohols exhibit high latent heat of vaporisation and anti-knock rating, which makes them attractive for use in future “downsized” highly boosted SI engines that endure significantly higher peak in-cylinder pressures and temperatures. The system is based on a shaft-in-shaft cam operating principle.

Gasoline 225

Gasoline Exhaust Downsizing Engine 225

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 19, 2016

Furthermore, OLEA T222 technologies and feature set address other applications; it can also serve as a controller for battery management systems (BMS), exhaust or selective catalytic reduction systems (SCR), or even conventional internal combustion engines.

Hybrid 150

Hybrid Electric Electrical DC 150

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 10, 2014

Operating range of 2-stroke CAI fueled with gasoline, E10 and E85. Extending its operational range to high-load and low-load boundaries—an enabling factor for CAI to meet demand of production vehicle driving cycles—is a key challenge to full implementation of CAI combustion. Zhang et al. 2013a) Click to enlarge.

Gasoline 186

Gasoline Engine Exhaust Fuel 186

Green Car Congress

APRIL 6, 2010

The GT2-equipped engine also delivers high engine torque across a broad speed range and develops a specific power on the order of 120 kW/L. In designing the unit for use on a small engine, FEV created a completely new exhaust manifold on the 1.8L – DISI developmental engine with advanced features such as VCT and adapted charge motion.

Congress 186

Congress Charging Downsizing Detroit 186

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 8, 2013

When crude oil comes into a refinery, it is first passed into a distillation process, which separates the crude oil into its different fractions by boiling range. Naphtha refers to the light fraction produced by distillation that is roughly in the gasoline boiling range of ~30 °C to ~200 °C. —Leermakers et al.

Gasoline 207

Gasoline Fuel Range Diesel 207

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2009

Cylinder deactivation: deactivates the intake and exhaust valves and prevents fuel injection into some cylinders during light-load operation. Variable valve timing: alters the timing or phase of the intake valve, exhaust valve, or both, primarily to reduce pumping losses, increase specific power, and control residual gases.

2016 210

2016 MPG Fuel Economy EPA 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2015

The alternative-fuel car evolved to reduce exhaust emissions and other problems derived from burning fossil fuels. In this paper PHEV refers solely to the long-range PHEV of 60 miles (100 km) electric-only range.) (In this paper PHEV refers solely to the long-range PHEV of 60 miles (100 km) electric-only range.)

PHEV 150

PHEV Plug-in Renewable Energy 150

Cars That Think

MARCH 29, 2022

Automakers are finding it difficult to challenge those boldface numbers with internal combustion alone, especially as engines are relentlessly downsized to meet regulations. EVs have disadvantages that many fanboys simply refuse to acknowledge: heavy batteries, short ranges, and slow recharging. And don’t forget sound.

Plug-in 95

Plug-in Ferrari Engine Hybrid 95

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2009

Ford’s turbocharged, gasoline direct injection EcoBoost engines are targeted to play a significant near-term role in Ford’s efforts to reduce fuel consumption by enabling downsizing. Some of the droplets may escape into the exhaust system and result in high UHC emissions. The first application of this technology bundle in a 3.5L

Ford 199

Ford 2009 Engine Davis 199

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 20, 2009

The more efficient combustion engine technologies, with their enabling of downsizing, come in compatibly with hybridization, with hybridization and electrification playing a larger role over time. The further downsized next-generation technologies can be very synergistic within hybrid applications. Planning background.

Fuel Economy 186

Fuel Economy Economy Ford Downsizing 186