Downsizing, Economy, Emissions and Fuel

Cummins progressing with lightweight downsized T2B2 diesel for pickup; 40% improvement in fuel economy over gasoline V8

Green Car Congress

JUNE 23, 2014

At the US Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Annual Merit Review meeting in Washington, DC last week, Michael Ruth from Cummins noted that the DOE program target for the project is a fuel economy (CAFE) target of 26 mpg (9.05 liter) and its emission control system (ECS) without a weight penalty. Earlier post.).

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Gasoline Downsizing

New Delphi Technologies 500+ bar GDi system cuts gasoline particulate emissions by up to 50%, reduces fuel consumption

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2019

In a paper presented at the 2019 Vienna Motor Symposium this week, Delphi Technologies will unveil a new 500+ bar GDi system that can reduce particulate emissions by up to 50% compared to state-of-the-art 350 bar system without expensive engine design modifications. Delphi 500+ bar GDi pump. Delphi 500+ bar GDi injector. —Walter Piock.

Emissions

Emissions Gasoline Fuel Exhaust

Volvo introducing new downsized 4-cylinder engine range, with fuel economy improvements up to 35%; hybrid and flywheel drive systems

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 5, 2011

The Volvo Car Corporation is introducing a new, downsized engine range consisting solely of four-cylinder gasoline and diesel engines. It covers the range from high-power and -torque variants to fuel-efficient derivatives. The new powertrains are also up to 90 kg lighter than the present ones and fuel economy is improved by up to 35%.

Downsizing

Downsizing Fuel Economy Volvo Economy

HyBoost concept achieving close to Prius-level CO2 emissions; aggressive downsizing with advanced boosting and micro-hybrid system

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 1, 2011

variant but with fuel economy of a strong hybrid. HyBoost achieves this by combining aggressive 50% downsizing of the engine with an electric supercharger for transient low-speed performance, and a micro-hybrid stop-start and energy recuperation systems, Boggs said. Downsizing the 2.0-liter Click to enlarge.

Downsizing

Downsizing Prius Hybrid Emissions

General Motors plans to be carbon-neutral by 2040; eliminate LDV tailpipe emissions by 2035

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 29, 2021

In addition to GM’s carbon goals, the company worked with the Environmental Defense Fund to develop a shared vision of an all-electric future and an aspiration to eliminate tailpipe emissions from new light-duty vehicles by 2035. The use of GM’s products accounts for 75% of carbon emissions related to this commitment. Electrification.

General Motors

General Motors Carbon Emissions GM

MECA report finds additional NOx emission reductions from new heavy-duty trucks achievable and cost-effective

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2020

The transportation sector was responsible for over 7 million tons of NO x emissions in the US in 2014, with 50% of this sector’s NO x attributed to heavy-duty on- and off-road vehicles and equipment. CO 2 and NO x certification test data for heavy-duty diesel engines certified from 2002 through 2019. Source of data: US EPA (2019).

Emissions

Emissions Diesel Engine 2010

Study finds catalyzed gasoline particulate filters effective at reducing particulate and PAH emissions from GDI engines

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 22, 2018

Testing was conducted over the LA92 and US06 Supplemental Federal Test Procedure (US06) driving cycles on typical California E10 fuel. Top: Gravimetric PM mass, PM mass calculated based on the IPSD method, black carbon, and EC/OC emissions over the LA92 cycle. Yang et al. Click to enlarge.

Gasoline

Gasoline Emissions Engine Fuel Economy

Ricardo to assist Lifan in development of 1.2L turbocharged DI gasoline engines for downsizing applications

Green Car Congress

MAY 31, 2011

Ricardo will assist Lifan Automobile Group based in Chongqing, China, with the development of a family of highly downsized gasoline engines capable of meeting future Chinese and international fuel economy and emissions regulations.

Downsizing

Downsizing Gasoline Engine Fuel Economy

Infiniti Q80 Inspiration concept hybrid delivers 550 hp with 42.8 mpg fuel economy

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 2, 2014

The four-door fastback is powered by a hybrid electric powertrain that is expected to deliver 550 hp (410 kW) with fuel consumption of 5.5 mpg US) and CO 2 emissions of about 129 g/km. The powertrain incorporates a new aluminum-based downsized twin-turbocharged 3.0-liter L/100 km (42.8

Infinity

Infinity Fuel Economy MPG Concept

HyBoost demonstrator debuts at LCV2011; 50% by swept volume downsizing with low-cost electrification

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 7, 2011

liter model but with significantly reduced real-world and drive cycle CO 2 emissions, and comparable improvements in fuel-economy. In implementing this 50% downsizing by swept volume, the research team delivered zero degradation in driveability, performance or acceleration. Earlier post.). three-cylinder EcoBoost engine.

Downsizing

Downsizing Low Cost Lead Acid Gasoline-Electric

VW suggests engine downsizing is done; emissions rules are the reason

Green Car Reports

FEBRUARY 8, 2017

When it comes to improving fuel efficiency, simply making an engine smaller is a fairly direct way to get results. They have downsized engines across model lines, usually adding turbochargers at the same time to match the power output of the larger-displacement engines that they.

Downsizing

Downsizing Engine Emissions Fuel

Ford to bring 20 new engines and transmissions to China and improve fleet fuel economy by more than 20% by 2015; producing the new 1.0L EcoBoost in China

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 21, 2011

Utilizing technologies such as turbocharging, direct injection, twin independent variable camshaft timing (Ti-VCT) and six-speed transmissions, the upgraded powertrain portfolio will deliver more than 20% in fuel economy improvement to Ford’s passenger vehicle fleet in China by 2015 while reducing tailpipe carbon dioxide emissions by 20%.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy China Economy 2015

New lightweight aluminum piston from Federal-Mogul enables further downsizing of gasoline engines

Green Car Congress

JULY 10, 2012

The Advanced Elastoval II piston enters series production later this year in a new European passenger car, where it contributes to gains in fuel economy and reductions in CO 2. Specific power outputs in engines are likely to increase from current levels of around 95 kW/L to 130 kW/L to coming years. generation pistons.

Downsizing

Downsizing Gasoline Engine Fuel Economy

ADEPT project to apply gasoline engine HyBoost system to diesel; 48V architecture; full hybrid fuel economy at much lower cost

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 4, 2013

The project aims to deliver full hybrid equivalent fuel economy and performance with less than 70 g/km CO 2 emissions as measured over the European Drive Cycle, but at a significantly lower cost. version of its vehicle (a 2009 Ford Focus) but with fuel economy and CO 2 emissions approaching those of a Prius.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Diesel Economy Gasoline

MECA: industry could exceed relaxed US efficiency standards as it has to meet tighter standards elsewhere

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2020

On 31 March, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) released the final rule for The Safer Affordable Fuel-Efficient (SAFE) Vehicles for Model Years 2021-2026. The final rule requires a 1.5% mpg and 199 g/mile CO 2 in 2026. Earlier post.).

Standards

Standards Industrial Industry Downsizing

Study Finds Strong Synergy Between Spark Ignition Engine Downsizing and Low-to-Moderate Alcohol Blend Fuels

Green Car Congress

MAY 1, 2009

A study by engineers from Mahle Powertrain Ltd and BP found strong synergy between spark ignition (SI) engine downsizing and fuel containing low-to-moderate amounts of alcohol, including ethanol and butanol. The researchers found that the combination of technologies allowed improvements in fuel economy over the engine drive cycle.

Alcohol Blend

Alcohol Blend Downsizing Engine Fuel

Eaton contributing several components to DOE SuperTruck II program

Green Car Congress

MARCH 19, 2019

Eaton is supplying a number of leading-edge technologies that improve fuel economy and reduce emissions to Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) teams. Since 2008, Eaton’s Vehicle Group has been laser-focused on reducing emissions and fuel consumption.

Eaton

Eaton Fuel Economy Exhaust Economy

Ford / AVL study concludes mid-level ethanol blend attractive as a long-term future fuel for use in optimized engines in US

Green Car Congress

APRIL 19, 2013

A study by a team from Ford Motor Company and AVL has concluded that a mid-level ethanol blend—greater than E20 but less than E40—appears to be attractive as a long-term future fuel for the US for use in engines optimized for the higher octane blend. The stoichiometric air-fuel ratio of ethanol is 9.0, Earlier post.)

Engine

Engine Fuel Ford Future

Advanced ADEPT 48V affordable mild hybrid on path to meet future ultra-low vehicle emissions

Green Car Congress

JUNE 29, 2016

The ADEPT project is led by Ricardo in a research partnership including the Advanced Lead Acid Battery Consortium (ALABC); Controlled Power Technologies (CPT); Faurecia Emissions Control Technologies UK Ltd; Ford Motor Company and the University of Nottingham. ADEPT powertrain architecture.

Emissions

Emissions Hybrid Affordable Future

Co-Optima releases capstone report on first 4 years of work

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2020

For the past four years, the Co-Optimization of Fuels & Engines (Co-Optima) National Laboratory consortium has focused research efforts primarily on turbocharged (boosted) spark-ignition (SI) engines for light-duty vehicles. The report highlights researchers’ answers to three vital questions: What fuels do engines want?

Alcohol Blend

Alcohol Blend Fuel Engine Fuel Economy

Small Engines May Use More Fuel Than You Expect, In Europe Especially

Green Car Reports

OCTOBER 7, 2014

Decreasing an engine''s displacement is one of the most straightforward ways to increase fuel efficiency. According to research firm Emissions Analytics, the high fuel-economy ratings of downsized engines may not always translate to the real world. MORE: Do Small Turbo Engines Really Give Better Gas Mileage?

Engine

Engine Downsizing Fuel Fuel Economy

Ford launching major new product push in Europe; fuel economy and 1.0L EcoBoost engine; first Ford full hybrid car for Europe

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 6, 2012

At a “Go Further with Ford” event in Amsterdam, Ford Motor Company detailed plans for an aggressive product acceleration in Europe, targeting opportunities for growth in the large car, SUV and commercial vehicle segments while emphasizing fuel economy and enabling technologies such as the EcoBoost engines. New Fiesta.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Europe Ford Economy

New Honda Earth Dreams Technology 1.6L diesel in Civic to deliver CO2 emissions of 95 g/km

Green Car Congress

MARCH 7, 2012

liter i-DTEC engine in the new Civic will deliver CO 2 emissions of 95 g/km, according to Honda Motor Europe’s President, Manabu Nishimae, in his presentation at the Geneva Motor Show. This is a 15-gram drop (13.6%) from the 110 g/km emissions of the enhanced 2.2L By downsizing from the outgoing 2.2L Click to enlarge.

Honda

Honda Emissions Diesel CO2

Eaton Highlights Range of New Products to Reduce Fuel Consumption and Emissions

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 24, 2010

The diversified manufacturer also said that in addition to boosting engine performance, its superchargers can provide up to a 5% fuel savings and reduce emissions compared to competing technologies. 136 kg], which translates into improved fuel economy and enhanced performance and safety for the end consumer.

Eaton

Eaton Emissions Fuel Range

GFEI report finds improvements in average new LDV fuel economy lagging pace required to cut 50% fuel use for new cars worldwide by 2030; policy focus should be on emerging markets

Green Car Congress

MARCH 5, 2013

Vehicle size, a key determinant of fuel economy, has shown a reduction in OECD countries, while the non-OECD trend is toward bigger vehicles. The analysis, an update of an earlier work using data from 2010 and 2011, found that the global average for light-duty vehicle fuel economy was 7.2 Source: GFEI. Click to enlarge.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel 2005

Toyotas Yaris hybrid concept anticipates B-segment hybrid strategy with first downsizing of HSD; Prius +

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2011

This marks Toyota’s first downsizing of its HSD technology. This engineering solution targets the independent powering of the air-conditioning unit for improved full hybrid powertrain fuel economy. Solar panels have been applied to the entire roof surface of the Yaris HSD concept.

Prius

Prius Downsizing Hybrid Toyota

Audi using supplementary port fuel injection to address particulates from gasoline direct injection

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 14, 2014

In part-load operation, the indirect injection supplements direct gasoline injection to improve fuel economy and to reduce the output of particulates from the engine. GDI technology provides fuel efficiency benefits from charge air cooling, more facile turbocharging, and the downsizing that these permit. Earlier post.).

Gasoline

Gasoline Audi Fuel Engine

New Delphi liquid cooled charge air coolers for reduced fuel consumption and emissions

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2011

To reduce tailpipe emissions and improve fuel economy while maintaining maximum driver satisfaction, vehicle manufacturers are turning to downsized engines. Boosted by turbo- or super-charging, these engines give the performance feel of a larger engine with the emissions and fuel savings of a smaller one.

Emissions

Emissions Charging Fuel Downsizing

Center for Automotive Research calls long-run economic risk to auto industry of mandating permanent fuel economy standards very serious; recommends periodic reviews

Green Car Congress

JUNE 14, 2011

Based on the results of the study, CAR believes the economic risk to the auto industry connected to mandating permanent fuel economy standards in the long run is “ very serious ” The group recommends periodic review to assess the rate of technology development and cost reduction of advanced technologies leading up to 2025.

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Auto Industry Standards

Tougher testing for emissions may mean bigger engines, but why?

Green Car Reports

OCTOBER 31, 2016

Stricter global emissions standards have led many automakers to downsize engines, but that trend may be about to reverse itself. Cutting displacement is a relatively straightforward way to improve fuel economy.

Emissions

Emissions Engine Fuel Economy Downsizing

Honeywell Global Turbo Forecast projects 49M turbocharged vehicle sales, $12B revenue per year by 2019

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 30, 2014

The continued growth of turbocharging technologies will be driven by requirements for manufacturers to meet global environmental emissions regulations and bolstered by strong demand in emerging markets. In addition to improving fuel efficiency, downsized turbocharged engines also reduce harmful exhaust emissions.

2019

2019 Global Sale Downsizing

New Volkswagen Polo BlueGT with cylinder deactivation offers gasoline engine fuel economy of up to 52 mpg US

Green Car Congress

MARCH 6, 2012

liter gasoline-fueled TSI of the Polo BlueGT. The TSI develops a power output of 103 kW / 138 hp, with a combined fuel consumption of 4.7 If the Polo BlueGT is ordered with the optional 7-speed dual clutch gearbox (DSG), fuel consumption drops further to 4.5 The system was realized with the new 1.4-liter

MPG

MPG Fuel Economy Gasoline Engine

Ford study suggests GDI engines can meet coming California and US PM emissions standards over 150k miles; more work to be done

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 16, 2013

PM mass emissions rates for the FTP and US06 drive cycles as function of vehicle mileage. GDI is a strategy to improve fuel efficiency that is rapidly gaining market acceptance, as illustrated by the popularity of Ford’s GDI EcoBoost engines. fuel injection timing, number of injections, fuel pressure, injector placement, etc.)

Standards

Standards Emissions Miles Engine

ICCT working paper highlights benefits of current and emerging light-duty diesel technology; “promising pathway for compliance”

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2017

The International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT), one of the organizations at the root of uncovering the Volkswagen diesel emission scandal ( earlier post ), has published a new analysis of developments and trends in advanced diesel engine technology. real-world fuel economy, performance, drivability, reliability, and safety.

Diesel

Diesel Light Fuel Economy 2017

Volkswagen Emphasizes Downsizing at 30th Vienna Engine Symposium; Highlights 1.2 TSI and 1.6 TDI

Green Car Congress

MAY 14, 2009

Continuing to emphasize a downsizing approach, Volkswagen presented two new engines at the at the 30 th Vienna Engine Symposium (7-8 May): the 1.2-liter Both engines impressively show how Volkswagen reduces the CO 2 emissions and the fuel consumption and that to fungible costs. It meets the EU 5 exhaust emission standard.

Downsizing

Downsizing Engine MPG Exhaust

Pinnacle Engine pre-production prototype opposed piston engine shows about 27% fuel consumption improvement across different scooter cycles compared to conventional engine

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 25, 2012

Fuel mass flow comparison shows Pinnacle engine ahead at just about all points in the map. FEV performed engine mappings in a dynamometer test cell to evaluate the fuel economy of Pinnacle’s TP90 scooter engine compared to a benchmark engine (N15) from Pinnacle’s Asian OEM partner. Click to enlarge.

Engine

Engine Fuel Fuel Economy Production

Nissan adding new 2.0L turbo to Skyline lineup in Japan

Green Car Congress

MAY 27, 2014

has launched the New Skyline 200GT-t (the next-generation turbo model) featuring a high-power, fuel-efficient lightweight turbocharged gasoline engine with maximum power output of 155 kW?(208 engine while reducing emissions. With an electrically controlled pump, engine load is reduced, contributing to improved fuel economy.

Japan

Japan Nissan Fuel Economy Economy

Valeo acquires electric supercharger business from Controlled Power

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 6, 2011

As part of its strategy of developing solutions to reduce CO 2 emissions, Valeo has acquired the Variable Torque Enhancement System (VTES) ( earlier post ) business of UK automotive technology development company Controlled Power Technologies (CPT). version of the vehicle but with fuel economy and CO 2 emissions approaching those of a Prius.

Power

Power Powered Downsizing Electrical

Simulation study suggests ORC waste heat recovery system could deliver potential 7% improvement in fuel consumption in a PHEV on highway

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2012

The analysis used the Ohio State University EcoCAR, a student prototype PHEV, as the basis for the preliminary fuel economy evaluation. This evolution has led to the point where achieving significant fuel savings through the introduction of new technologies has become difficult. Δ in fuel consumption. η BASIC.

Waste

Waste PHEV Fuel Exhaust

Ford focused on lightweighting as a major enabling technology for low-emission, fuel-efficient vehicles from ICEs to EVs

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 14, 2011

Ford is focused on lightweighting as a key enabling technology for lowering fuel consumption in combustion-engined vehicles (ICE) and for extending the range—and the size—of battery electric vehicles (EVs). A fundamental theme is fuel efficiency for everyone; key to delivering on that is lightweighting.

Ford

Ford Fuel Emissions Vehicles

CALSTART survey finds major automotive suppliers see current CAFE standards as beneficial; 82% see BEVs as most important post-2025

Green Car Congress

MARCH 22, 2018

Major automotive suppliers see current national fuel economy standards as a boon for company job growth and industry investment and don’t want to see them altered by policymakers, according to the findings of an annual survey commissioned by CALSTART, an automotive technology industry group. strongly agreed.

Standards

Standards Fuel Economy Economy Volt

Advanced Turbocharged, Direct Injected Gasoline Engines Poised to Take on Diesels in US and in Europe for Reduced Fuel Consumption and Emissions

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 10, 2009

Some of the best passenger vehicles today, the ones called PZEVs, are pretty close to zero emissions. Under California’s vehicle emissions ratings, PZEVs (Partial Zero Emission Vehicles) meet SULEV (Super Ultra Low Emission Vehicle) tailpipe emission standards and also have zero evaporative emissions.

Gasoline

Gasoline Diesel Engine Emissions

U Toronto team assess the climate trade-off between reduced CO2 and increased Black Carbon from GDI engines

Green Car Congress

JULY 14, 2016

The upside of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines is widely seen as being improved fuel economy coupled with an increase in specific power (especially with turbocharging), enabling significant downsizing. BC) to ensure that integration of GDI vehicles will result in a net reduction of CO 2 -equivalent emissions.

Climate

Climate Engine Carbon Fuel Economy

UCS analysis finds Hyundai-Kia with best sales-weighted new vehicle environmental performance in US in 2013

Green Car Congress

MAY 27, 2014

In its sixth sales-weighted analysis of emissions from 8 major automakers’ 2013 model year vehicles, the Union of Concerned Scientists’ (UCS) latest Automaker Rankings report found that Hyundai-Kia unseated Honda as the “Greenest Automaker.” Click to enlarge. Source: UCS. Click to enlarge.

2013

2013 Kia Hyundai Sale

Cummins progressing with lightweight downsized T2B2 diesel for pickup; 40% improvement in fuel economy over gasoline V8

New Delphi Technologies 500+ bar GDi system cuts gasoline particulate emissions by up to 50%, reduces fuel consumption

Volvo introducing new downsized 4-cylinder engine range, with fuel economy improvements up to 35%; hybrid and flywheel drive systems

HyBoost concept achieving close to Prius-level CO2 emissions; aggressive downsizing with advanced boosting and micro-hybrid system

General Motors plans to be carbon-neutral by 2040; eliminate LDV tailpipe emissions by 2035

MECA report finds additional NOx emission reductions from new heavy-duty trucks achievable and cost-effective

Study finds catalyzed gasoline particulate filters effective at reducing particulate and PAH emissions from GDI engines

Ricardo to assist Lifan in development of 1.2L turbocharged DI gasoline engines for downsizing applications

Infiniti Q80 Inspiration concept hybrid delivers 550 hp with 42.8 mpg fuel economy

HyBoost demonstrator debuts at LCV2011; 50% by swept volume downsizing with low-cost electrification

VW suggests engine downsizing is done; emissions rules are the reason

Ford to bring 20 new engines and transmissions to China and improve fleet fuel economy by more than 20% by 2015; producing the new 1.0L EcoBoost in China

New lightweight aluminum piston from Federal-Mogul enables further downsizing of gasoline engines

ADEPT project to apply gasoline engine HyBoost system to diesel; 48V architecture; full hybrid fuel economy at much lower cost

MECA: industry could exceed relaxed US efficiency standards as it has to meet tighter standards elsewhere

Study Finds Strong Synergy Between Spark Ignition Engine Downsizing and Low-to-Moderate Alcohol Blend Fuels

Eaton contributing several components to DOE SuperTruck II program

Ford / AVL study concludes mid-level ethanol blend attractive as a long-term future fuel for use in optimized engines in US

Advanced ADEPT 48V affordable mild hybrid on path to meet future ultra-low vehicle emissions

Co-Optima releases capstone report on first 4 years of work

Small Engines May Use More Fuel Than You Expect, In Europe Especially

Ford launching major new product push in Europe; fuel economy and 1.0L EcoBoost engine; first Ford full hybrid car for Europe

New Honda Earth Dreams Technology 1.6L diesel in Civic to deliver CO2 emissions of 95 g/km

Eaton Highlights Range of New Products to Reduce Fuel Consumption and Emissions

GFEI report finds improvements in average new LDV fuel economy lagging pace required to cut 50% fuel use for new cars worldwide by 2030; policy focus should be on emerging markets

Toyotas Yaris hybrid concept anticipates B-segment hybrid strategy with first downsizing of HSD; Prius +

Audi using supplementary port fuel injection to address particulates from gasoline direct injection

New Delphi liquid cooled charge air coolers for reduced fuel consumption and emissions

Center for Automotive Research calls long-run economic risk to auto industry of mandating permanent fuel economy standards very serious; recommends periodic reviews

Tougher testing for emissions may mean bigger engines, but why?

Honeywell Global Turbo Forecast projects 49M turbocharged vehicle sales, $12B revenue per year by 2019

New Volkswagen Polo BlueGT with cylinder deactivation offers gasoline engine fuel economy of up to 52 mpg US

Ford study suggests GDI engines can meet coming California and US PM emissions standards over 150k miles; more work to be done

ICCT working paper highlights benefits of current and emerging light-duty diesel technology; “promising pathway for compliance”

Volkswagen Emphasizes Downsizing at 30th Vienna Engine Symposium; Highlights 1.2 TSI and 1.6 TDI

Pinnacle Engine pre-production prototype opposed piston engine shows about 27% fuel consumption improvement across different scooter cycles compared to conventional engine

Nissan adding new 2.0L turbo to Skyline lineup in Japan

Valeo acquires electric supercharger business from Controlled Power

Simulation study suggests ORC waste heat recovery system could deliver potential 7% improvement in fuel consumption in a PHEV on highway

Ford focused on lightweighting as a major enabling technology for low-emission, fuel-efficient vehicles from ICEs to EVs

CALSTART survey finds major automotive suppliers see current CAFE standards as beneficial; 82% see BEVs as most important post-2025

Advanced Turbocharged, Direct Injected Gasoline Engines Poised to Take on Diesels in US and in Europe for Reduced Fuel Consumption and Emissions

U Toronto team assess the climate trade-off between reduced CO2 and increased Black Carbon from GDI engines

UCS analysis finds Hyundai-Kia with best sales-weighted new vehicle environmental performance in US in 2013

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