Engine, Exhaust, Statistics and Universal

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

In a recent open-access paper published in ACS’ Environmental Science & Technology , researchers from the University of York report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid account for a larger fraction of real-world vehicle emissions than previous estimates have suggested. Cliff et al.

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

CARB releases results of multi-year E15 study; multiple air quality benefits with slight reduction in fuel economy

Green Car Congress

JULY 18, 2022

The California Air Resources Board (CARB) has released the results of a multiyear study evaluating exhaust emissions from the use of California Reformulated Gasoline (CaRFG) that contains 15 volume percent ethanol (E15). One hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) equipped with a PFI engine was also used. SULEV30, ULEV50, ULEV70, and ULEV125).

Fuel Economy

Fuel Economy Economy Fuel Ozone

New statistical method to detect ozone pollution hot spots and monitor instrument failure; combining PCA and MEWMA

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2016

A new statistical method developed by researchers at KAUST (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia) can detect abnormal ozone levels within large bodies of monitored data. Ozone is the reactive form of oxygen that contains three atoms per molecule (O 3 ) rather than the normal two.

Ozone

Ozone Saudi Arabia Pollution France

U Nebraska study finds no observable negative effects from E30 use in non-flex fuel vehicles

Green Car Congress

MARCH 23, 2021

The University of Nebraska’s Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering recently released results of a study of 50 non-flex fuel vehicles from the State of Nebraska to determine the adaptability, economic feasibility, and environmental impact of using E30 (30% ethanol blend). from vehicles running on each fuel type.

Nebraska

Nebraska Fuel Vehicles Exhaust

Study finds PM from biodiesel blends may be 50-80% less toxic per unit PM mass than from petroleum diesel

Green Car Congress

JULY 15, 2017

In a study published in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels , a team from the University of Vermont reports that particulate matter from the combustion of biodiesel blends may be 50–80% less toxic per unit PM mass emitted than PM from petroleum diesel, depending on feedstock. PM-normalized DTT Activity for biodiesel exhaust PM.

B0

B0 Diesel Exhaust Vermont

UC Riverside team examines influence of mid-and high-level ethanol blends on pollution from GDI flex fuel vehicle

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 2, 2019

the E30 and E78—led to statistically significant reductions of 9%–13% for total hydrocarbon (THC); 13%–44% for non-methane hydrocarbon (NMHC); 20%–35% for carbon monoxide (CO); and 17%–36% for nitrogen oxides (NO x ) emissions compared to the high-aromatics E10 fuel. Their paper is published in the ACS journal Energy & Fuels.

Pollution

Pollution Fuel Vehicles Emissions

32.5M hours of supercomputer time to aid GM, Ford engine projects with Oak Ridge Lab

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 6, 2014

The two projects are part of a larger multi-year DOE-funded project to develop and to apply innovative simulation strategies and tools to maximize benefits of predictive information from high performance computing (HPC) for internal combustion engines. The Principal Investigator on that DOE project is Dean Edwards of ORNL.

Engine

Engine GM Ford 2014

Study measures the effect of regional change in clouds caused by ships’ emissions; masking GHG warming

Green Car Congress

MARCH 25, 2020

This puffy line is not just exhaust from the engine, but a change in the clouds that’s caused by small airborne particles of pollution. New research led by the University of Washington (UW) is the first to measure this phenomenon’s effect over years and at a regional scale. Michael Diamond/University of Washington.

Emissions

Emissions Pollution 2003 Climate

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2017

Traffic contributes more to NO x emissions in Europe than previously thought, according to a new study by a team at the University of Innsbruck. Using statistical methods, the scientists infer emissions from these data within a radius of about one kilometer of the measurement location. We record 36,000 data points per hour.

Europe

Europe Diesel Emissions Pollution

Study Measures the Effect of Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Jet Fuel on Emissions

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2010

A comprehensive emissions performance test of a business-class aircraft gas turbine engine burning fossil JP-8 fuel, synthetic FT fuel, and a 50/50 JP-8/FT blend found that emissions of trace gases, soot particles, and nucleation/growth PM were directly impacted by the sulfur and aromatic content of the fuel. —Timko et al.

Emissions

Emissions Fuel Climate Change Exhaust

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

A new study quantifying emissions from a fleet of gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines and port fuel injection (PFI) engines finds that the measured decrease in CO 2 emissions from GDIs is much greater than the potential climate forcing associated with higher black carbon emissions from GDI engines.

Fleet

Fleet Engine Global Fuel Economy

DOE Co-Optima initiative publishes report reviewing first 12 months; progress on fuels and engines

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 16, 2017

Co-Optima’s premise is that current fuels constrain engine design—and thus engine efficiency. Co-Optima’s premise is that current fuels constrain engine design—and thus engine efficiency. The teams are also evaluating the impact of discrete fuel properties on advanced SI engine performance.

Engine

Engine Fuel Downsizing Gasoline

First results from HEI/ACES murine study find few biologic effects from exposure to exhaust from new technology diesel engines

Green Car Congress

APRIL 13, 2012

The first results of a comprehensive study of the health effects of exposure to new technology diesel engines has found no evidence of gene-damaging effects in the animals studied, and only a few mild effects on the lungs, according to a report issued today by the Health Effects Institute (HEI). —Dan Greenbaum, President of HEI.

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Engine 2007

NREL review of E15 effects on MY2001 and later cars finds no meaningful differences with E10

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 13, 2013

The study does not address engines that EPA has not approved for use with E15, such as pre-2001 cars, marine, snowmobile, motorcycle, and small non-road engines. For 2001 and newer cars emission studies also show that engine control units are able to adequately compensate for the higher oxygen and lower energy content of E15.

2001

2001 Minnesota Cars Emissions

Rice, Penn State study shows machine learning can improve catalyst design

Green Car Congress

JULY 3, 2018

Chemical engineers at Rice University and Pennsylvania State University have shown that combining machine learning and quantum chemistry can save time and expense in designing new catalysts. There’s a certain concentration of gas-phase species that come out of the engine. That’s a gas phase reaction. Jonayat, Michael J.

Design

Design Pennsylvania Energy Convert

Using the PHEV (Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle) to Transition Society Seamlessly and Profitably From Fossil Fuel to 100% Renewable Energy

Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2015

The alternative-fuel car evolved to reduce exhaust emissions and other problems derived from burning fossil fuels. The PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle), a subset of the electric car, combines a primary electric motor with a much smaller back-up engine fueled with a hydrocarbon/biofuel mix. (In Engineering Advantages of PHEV.

PHEV

PHEV Plug-in Renewable Energy

California ARB Explores Amendments to Heavy-Duty Emissions Rule Based on Economic Situation; Directs Staff to Redo Tainted Report

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 10, 2009

The first motion directed ARB staff to redo an underlying statistical report that was originally produced under the leadership of an ARB staffer who had falsified his academic credentials, and submit it to a rigorous peer-review process. Tran had falsely claimed a doctorate in statistics from UC Davis. Earlier post.).

Emissions

Emissions California Diesel Davis

Audi highlights its range of electrification efforts; Q7 diesel PHEV, A7 fuel cell PHEV, BEV, 48V and more; 750 Wh/l by 2025

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 17, 2015

The Q7 e-tron quattro features a six-cylinder TDI engine and quattro drive that deliver 275 kW (373 hp) of system power and 700 N·m (516.3 litre V6 TDI engine. litre V6 TDI engine. TDI, a highly efficient, latest-generation V6 diesel engine, delivers 190 kW (258 hp) of power and 600 N·m (442.5 TDI quattro.

Audi

Audi PHEV Diesel Fuel

EV Driven

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

CARB releases results of multi-year E15 study; multiple air quality benefits with slight reduction in fuel economy

New statistical method to detect ozone pollution hot spots and monitor instrument failure; combining PCA and MEWMA

U Nebraska study finds no observable negative effects from E30 use in non-flex fuel vehicles

Study finds PM from biodiesel blends may be 50-80% less toxic per unit PM mass than from petroleum diesel

UC Riverside team examines influence of mid-and high-level ethanol blends on pollution from GDI flex fuel vehicle

32.5M hours of supercomputer time to aid GM, Ford engine projects with Oak Ridge Lab

Study measures the effect of regional change in clouds caused by ships’ emissions; masking GHG warming

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Study Measures the Effect of Fischer-Tropsch Synthetic Jet Fuel on Emissions

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

DOE Co-Optima initiative publishes report reviewing first 12 months; progress on fuels and engines

First results from HEI/ACES murine study find few biologic effects from exposure to exhaust from new technology diesel engines

NREL review of E15 effects on MY2001 and later cars finds no meaningful differences with E10

Rice, Penn State study shows machine learning can improve catalyst design

Using the PHEV (Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle) to Transition Society Seamlessly and Profitably From Fossil Fuel to 100% Renewable Energy

California ARB Explores Amendments to Heavy-Duty Emissions Rule Based on Economic Situation; Directs Staff to Redo Tainted Report

Audi highlights its range of electrification efforts; Q7 diesel PHEV, A7 fuel cell PHEV, BEV, 48V and more; 750 Wh/l by 2025

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