Comparison, Gas and Ozone

Studies find global COVID-19 lockdowns have significantly reduced PM2.5 and NO2 pollution, but ozone up

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2020

Levels of two major air pollutants have been reduced significantly since lockdowns began in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, but a secondary pollutant—ground-level ozone—has increased in China, according to new research. For comparison, columns over the same time periods are shown for 2019. —Guy Brasseur.

Ozone

Ozone Pollution Global Iran

Study finds rising temperatures increase risk of unhealthy ozone levels absent sharp cuts in precursors

Green Car Congress

MAY 5, 2014

Ozone pollution across the continental United States will become far more difficult to keep in check as temperatures rise, according to new work led by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Ozone formation. Even short periods of unhealthy ozone levels can cause local death rates to rise. Scenario A2 and RCP 8.5.

Ozone

Ozone Climate Change Pollution Climate

Toyota Central R&D Labs develops new ferrihydrite material that effectively removes ozone from air

Green Car Congress

JULY 13, 2011

Comparison of O 3. Japan) report in the journal Angewandte Chemie the development of a mesoporous two-line ferrihydrite (2LFh)—ferrihydrite is a widespread mineral composed of iron, oxygen, and water—that could lead to a new generation of ozone filters in electrostatic devices and aircraft applications. Mathew et al.

Ozone

Ozone Toyota Suzuki Pollution

NOAA greenhouse gas index continues climbing; 1.29 in 2010

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 10, 2011

NOAA’s updated Annual Greenhouse Gas Index (AGGI), which measures the direct climate influence of many greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane, shows a continued steady upward trend. NOAA scientists created the AGGI recognizing that carbon dioxide is not the only greenhouse gas affecting the balance of heat in the atmosphere.

2010

2010 Gas Ozone 2004

PSI team develops web tool for consumers to compare environmental impact of passenger cars in detail

Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2020

Deterioration of the ozone layer [kg CFC-11-eq.]. The program guides the interested layperson through a selection of parameters: which type of engine should be used, gasoline-burning or diesel, for example, or one powered by natural gas, a fuel cell, or a battery. Depletion of fossil energy resources [kg oil-eq.]. in review).

Mariner

Mariner Climate Change DC Cars

Researchers suggest that air quality tests need simplifying to help reduce dangerous emissions

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 26, 2019

They focused their comparison on techniques used in a three-dimensional model commonly used by environmental agencies to simulate ozone, particulate matter, and atmospheric acid concentrations, and develop effective emission reduction strategies. We consider this to be a “bottom-up” approach,” says Stockwell. Goliff & Rosa M.

Emissions

Emissions El Paso Pollution Ozone

NOAA, partners find about 98% decline in VOCs concentrations in LA Basin over last 50 years despite 3x increase in use of gasoline and diesel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2012

VOCs, primarily emitted from the tailpipes of vehicles, are a key ingredient in the formation of ground-level ozone which, at high levels, can harm people’s lungs and damage crops and other plants. —lead author Carsten Warneke, Ph.D.,

Los Angeles

Los Angeles Gasoline Ozone 2002

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Renault’s comparison of the carbon footprint of EV and ICE vehicles over production, operation and end of life. The publication gives the opportunity for an “apples-to-apples” comparison between the environmental impacts of the two types of powertrains: same manufacturer, same model, same boundary conditions. Click to enlarge.

Li-ion

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel

Toyota to pioneer use of biosynthetic rubber in engine and drive system hoses

Green Car Congress

APRIL 21, 2016

Since plants absorb CO 2 from the atmosphere during their lifespan, such bio-materials achieve an estimated 20% reduction in material lifecycle carbon emissions in comparison to conventional petroleum-based hydrin rubber. Jointly developed by Toyota, Zeon Corporation , and Sumitomo Riko Co., Vacuum sensing hose production process.

Toyota

Toyota Engine Ozone Automobile Manufacturer

NASA GISS Study Finds That Methane Has an Elevated Warming Effect Due to Interactions With Aerosols

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2009

New research by a team at the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York suggests that gas-aerosol interactions can amplify the global warming impact of some greenhouse gases. And hydroxyls drive long chains of reactions involving other common gases, including ozone. Source: Shindell at al. Click to enlarge.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Ozone Pollution

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2012

eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. This study highlighted the environmental impacts of corn ethanol in comparison with gasoline. GW = global warming; Eut.

Gasoline

Gasoline Water Emissions Minnesota

Field study finds soot particles absorb significantly less sunlight than predicted by models; climate models may be overestimating warming by BC

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 1, 2012

The observed mean ambient particle E abs versus RBC during CalNex is shown for comparison (orange line). Still, scientists agree that black carbon in the atmosphere has a significant effect on global and regional climate, with earlier studies ranking the warming effects of black carbon particles second only to carbon dioxide gas.

Climate

Climate Climate Change Carbon Boston

OptiFuel finalizing $2.6M DOE grant to demonstrate RNG hybrid line-haul locomotive

Green Car Congress

JULY 24, 2020

million US Department of Energy (DOE) grant to demonstrate a pre-production Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) hybrid 4,300 hp line-haul locomotive. In several weeks, OptiFuel will start taking orders, in 49 of the US states, for a new line of affordable 800 hp to 3,200 hp, 100% natural gas freight and transit locomotives. g/bhp-hr of PM.

Grant

Grant Hybrid Ozone EPA

ICCT finds growth in shipping in Arctic could increase pollutant emissions 150-600% by 2025 with current fuels

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2015

Comparison of the potential reduction in emissions with the application of lower sulfur 0.5% MARPOL Annex VI sets limits on NO x and SO x emissions from ship exhaust, and prohibits deliberate emissions of ozone-depleting substances. fuel for Arctic vessels assuming a low-growth scenario. Source: ICCT. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.).

Pollution

Pollution Emissions Mariner Fuel

NOAA Study Identifies Nitrous Oxide as Top Ozone-Depleting Emission in 21st Century

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 28, 2009

Comparison of annual N 2 O ODP-weighted emissions from the 1990s with emissions of other ODS in 1987 and in 2008. Currently, anthropogenic N 2 O emissions represent the largest contribution to ozone depletion. Today, nitrous oxide emissions from human activities are more than twice as high as the next leading ozone-depleting gas.

Ozone

Ozone Emissions Climate 2009

MIT study finds including non-CO2 emissions from synthetic aviation fuel in lifecycle analysis of climate impact can lead to decrease in relative environmental merit; need for a holistic analysis framework

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 23, 2011

In the months following a pulse of NO x in the upper atmosphere, ozone production is stimulated causing a short-term warming. The corresponding reduction in CH 4 , which is an important ozone precursor, leads to a long-term reduction in ozone. —Stratton et al. Many other factors have less quantifiable impacts.

MIT

MIT Climate Emissions Ozone

Up close and personal with Volkswagen’s e-Golf carbon offset project: Garcia River Forest

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2015

In addition to the direct benefits of storing carbon, wood products have also been shown to have fewer associated greenhouse gas emissions compared with concrete or steel. The main focus of the comparisons is on five environmental impact categories during production, use and recycling. ozone depletion potential (ODP).

Carbon

Carbon Personal Store Emissions

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

80.27, “high ozone season” means the period from June 1 to September 15 of any calendar year and “regulatory control period” means the period from May 1 to September 15 of any calendar year. Current Legal Requirement for Use of Anhydrous Ethanol in the United States. 40 CFR § 80.27 addresses controls and prohibitions on gasoline volatility.

Transportation

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Green Car Congress

MAY 12, 2017

Recent studies have compared emissions of PFI and GDI vehicles, including particle number and mass, gaseous pollutants, and nonmethane organic gas (NMOG) composition for a limited number of compounds. Measurements include gas- and particle-phase emissions, particle number, particle size distributions, and speciated NMOG emissions.

Fleet

Fleet Engine Global Fuel Economy

Abt life-cycle analysis of different Li-ion chemistries for PHEVs and EVs identifies opportunities for improving environmental profile of batteries

Green Car Congress

JUNE 30, 2013

ADP = abiotic depletion potential; AP = acidification potential; EcoTP = ecological toxicity potential; EP = eutrophication potential; GWP = global warming potential; HTP = human toxicity potential; OCH = occupational cancer hazard; ODP = ozone depletion potential; OnCH = occupational non-cancer hazard; POP = photochemical oxidation potential.

Li-ion

Li-ion PHEV Batteries Battery

Emissions of Air Pollutants down in EU-27

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 22, 2009

The downward emission trend of three main pollutants which cause ground-level ozone continued in 2007: carbon monoxide (CO) fell by 57%, non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) were down by 47% and nitrogen oxides (NO x ) have dropped 36%. EU-27 emissions of all four pollutants were lower in 2007 than in 2006.

Pollution

Pollution Emissions Czech Republic United Kingdom

Comparative study finds that B20 increases emission rates of a number of pollutants in both light- and medium-duty diesel engines at idle

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2012

Unregulated pollutants also include ozone precursors and bioaccumulative and toxic compounds. These emissions strongly depend on fuel and exhaust gas treatments and perhaps more so than the regulated pollutants. Future studies might be designed to evaluate the origin of these emissions. Jo-Yu Chin, Stuart A. Batterman, William F.

Pollution

Pollution Diesel Emissions Engine

Automakers agree on common plug to recharge electric vehicles

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 20, 2009

This SAE spec would make it so you could go to a gas station and they would have the proper voltage and plug for your car. but its never even been close to the amount of garbage that gas power vehicles produce. This would be like all laptop makers agreeing on the same plug to fit in all laptops. excluding coal power in china.

Recharge

Recharge Plug Electric Vehicles 2009

EV Driven

Studies find global COVID-19 lockdowns have significantly reduced PM2.5 and NO2 pollution, but ozone up

Study finds rising temperatures increase risk of unhealthy ozone levels absent sharp cuts in precursors

Toyota Central R&D Labs develops new ferrihydrite material that effectively removes ozone from air

NOAA greenhouse gas index continues climbing; 1.29 in 2010

PSI team develops web tool for consumers to compare environmental impact of passenger cars in detail

Researchers suggest that air quality tests need simplifying to help reduce dangerous emissions

NOAA, partners find about 98% decline in VOCs concentrations in LA Basin over last 50 years despite 3x increase in use of gasoline and diesel

Renault makes public its lifecycle study of Fluence ICE vs Fluence EV

Toyota to pioneer use of biosynthetic rubber in engine and drive system hoses

NASA GISS Study Finds That Methane Has an Elevated Warming Effect Due to Interactions With Aerosols

Study finds that environmental impact of corn-ethanol E85 is 23% to 33% higher than that of gasoline; environmental problem-shifting

Field study finds soot particles absorb significantly less sunlight than predicted by models; climate models may be overestimating warming by BC

OptiFuel finalizing $2.6M DOE grant to demonstrate RNG hybrid line-haul locomotive

ICCT finds growth in shipping in Arctic could increase pollutant emissions 150-600% by 2025 with current fuels

NOAA Study Identifies Nitrous Oxide as Top Ozone-Depleting Emission in 21st Century

MIT study finds including non-CO2 emissions from synthetic aviation fuel in lifecycle analysis of climate impact can lead to decrease in relative environmental merit; need for a holistic analysis framework

Up close and personal with Volkswagen’s e-Golf carbon offset project: Garcia River Forest

Perspective: US Needs to Transition to Hydrous Ethanol as the Primary Renewable Transportation Fuel

Study finds fleet switch from PFI to GDI engines will result in net reduction in global warming

Abt life-cycle analysis of different Li-ion chemistries for PHEVs and EVs identifies opportunities for improving environmental profile of batteries

Emissions of Air Pollutants down in EU-27

Comparative study finds that B20 increases emission rates of a number of pollutants in both light- and medium-duty diesel engines at idle

Automakers agree on common plug to recharge electric vehicles

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