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Ozone pollution near Earth’s surface is one of the main ingredients of summertime smog. It is also not directly measurable from space due to the abundance of ozone higher in the atmosphere, which obscures measurements of surface ozone. —Jin et al.
Automobile tire producers are looking for alternative solutions for natural rubber made from latex-bearing trees. Sharkey’s research team already has measured rates of isoprene emission from plants that are used by the Environmental Protection Agency to predict lower-atmosphere ozone levels.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have found that natural sunlight triggers the release of smog-forming NO x compounds from the grime that typically coats buildings, statues and other outdoor surfaces in urban areas. Among these compounds are nitrogen oxides. —James Donaldson.
Emissions from automobile exhaust systems have decreased in recent years due to the introduction of cleaner fuels and new control technologies on internal combustion engines, as well as increases in numbers of hybrid and electric vehicles.
Cooking, cleaning and other routine household activities generate significant levels of volatile and particulate chemicals inside the average home, leading to indoor air quality levels on par with a polluted major city, according to a study by researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder. Earlier post.).
lower ozone formation potential of the carbonyl compounds present than DF under the identical operating conditions. In addition, there was an 18.0–35.8% reduction in total carbonyls and a 3.4–100% 100% drop in individual carbonyls in the constant load/varying speed test mode. CFT had 16.5–44.1% —Hao et al. 2014.05.025.
They found that levels of pollutants that can contribute to the formation of ground-level ozone, or smog, have failed to continue a fairly steady decline as estimated by the US Environmental Protection Agency. These results show that meeting future air quality standards for ozone pollution will be more challenging than previously thought.
Although China and India remain the world’s largest consumers of coal, a new University of Maryland-led study found that China’s sulfur dioxide emissions fell by 75% since 2007, while India’s emissions increased by 50%. The results suggest that India is becoming, if it is not already, the world’s top sulfur dioxide emitter.
Mikhail Chester and Arpad Horvath inventoried on-road, rail, and air travel to determine energy consumption, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and criteria air pollutant (CAP) emissions (excluding PM, lead, and ozone due to lack of data). Chester and Horvath (2009). Click to enlarge.
In 2004, the Centralina region (the Greater Charlotte metro area, which straddles the North CarolinaSouth Carolina border) was designated as a non-attainment area for ozone under the Clean Air Act. And when hydrogen fueling becomes common at truck stops, thats when hydrogen automobiles will begin to take market share.
The global warming provisions in the discussion draft are modeled closely on the recommendations of the US Climate Action Partnership (USCAP), a coalition of electric utilities, oil companies, chemical companies, automobile manufacturers, other manufacturers and energy companies, and environmental organizations.
The 1979 Iranian crisis and related oil price shock accelerated Brazil’s conversion of its gasoline supply and automobile fleet. Automobile manufacturers were given tax breaks to produce cars that ran on hydrous ethanol, and, by 1980, every automobile company in Brazil was following this lead. 40 CFR § 80.27 40 CFR § 80.27(d)
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