2010, Comparison, Conversion and Water

Lifecycle Study Finds Algae as Bioenergy Feedstock Has Higher Environmental Impacts than Conventional Crops in Energy Use, GHG Emissions, and Water Use; The Importance of Using Waste Streams

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 19, 2010

Model scope includes all upstream processing of biomass material; conversion to liquid or solid fuel is intentionally excluded. For all crops, the entire plant was used to facilitate comparison on a total energy basis. Biofuel conversion processes were excluded from the scope of the analysis. Credit: ACS, Clarens et al.

Water

Water Waste Energy Emissions

Study finds autothermal reforming with WGS reactor preferred option for on-board reforming of biodiesel and bioethanol

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 25, 2010

A study by a team at the German Aerospace Center (Deutschen Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR) identified autothermal reforming in combination with a water gas shift reactor as the preferred option for on-board reforming of biodiesel and bioethanol into a hydrogen-rich gas suitable for high temperature PEM (HTPEM) fuel cells.

Aspen

Aspen Concept Water Gas

Study concludes permanent loss of peatlands in open-pit oil sands mining adds significantly to carbon burden of oil sands production

Green Car Congress

MARCH 13, 2012

Their analysis suggests that carbon storage loss caused by peatland conversion could be equivalent to as much as 7 years worth of carbon emissions by mining and upgrading (at 2010 levels). t of CO 2 lost, as much as 7-y worth of mining and upgrading emissions at 2010 production levels. —Rooney et al. —Rooney et al.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Oil Carbon Conversion

New study finds GHG emissions from palm oil production significantly underestimated; palm oil biofuels could be more climate-damaging than oil sands fuels

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2012

Mha (20%) of the peatlands of Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo in 2010, surpassing the area of Belgium and causing an annual carbon emission from peat decomposition of 230–310 Mt CO 2 e. That number is in my opinion conservative, and consistent with a slight reduction in the rate of peat conversion. —Miettinen et al.

Oil-Sands

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions Climate

Bright Automotive To Convert VW Transporters to Plug-ins

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 11, 2009

Conversions are expensive, noted Lyle Shuey, Bright VP of Marketing and Sales, and the converted Transporters will not be as efficient as the purpose-built IDEA. Bright plans to begin delivering Transporter PHEVs in the second quarter of 2010. Tags: Batteries Conversions Plug-ins.

Bright Automotive

Bright Automotive Convert Plug-in Transportation

New Design for an Artificial Leaf for More Efficient Hydrogen Production

Green Car Congress

MARCH 26, 2010

Researchers at the State Key Lab of Matrix Composites at Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China have described a new design strategy to produce an “Artificial Inorganic Leaf” (AIL), which could lead to working prototypes that capture solar energy and use it efficiently to change water into hydrogen fuel. Credit: Tongxiang Fan.

Design

Design Hydrogen San Francisco Production

GTI and CRI/Criterion Inc. sign licensing agreement for IH2 process; direct production of biogasoline and diesel hydrocarbon blendstock

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2011

Features of the process include: Feedstock flexible; Fast biomass heat up maximizes liquid yield; Hydroconversion with catalysts produces low-oxygen, low-acidity liquids; Polynuclear aromatic components are not formed; Self-sufficient process requires no supplemental water or hydrogen; and. Property comparison. Heating value.

Diesel

Diesel Production Gasoline Renewable

Life cycle study calculates Algenols algae-to-ethanol process can deliver 67% to 87% reduction in carbon footprint compared to gasoline

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 25, 2010

Algenol Biofuels’ Direct to Ethanol technology is based on an intracellular photosynthetic process in cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) that produces ethanol that is excreted through the cell walls, collected from closed photobioreactors as a dilute ethanol-in-water solution, and purified to fuel grade ethanol. Algenol algae.

Carbon

Carbon Gasoline Gas-Electric Gasoline-Electric

ARA Developing Catalytic Hydrothermal Process to Convert Plant Oils Into Non-Ester Biofuels (Biohydrocarbons)

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 14, 2010

To overcome these shortcomings, a novel technical approach based on high-temperature water chemistry, known as catalytic hydrothermolysis (CH), has been proposed. The presence of water serves as a reactant, catalyst, and solvent for typically acid- or base-catalyzed reactions.

Oil

Oil Convert Water Conversion

Review of use of ionic liquids in production of 5-HMF from biomass; platform for renewable fuels and chemicals

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2010

It could remove a major barrier for the development of a sustainable 5-HMF platform.This review summarizes current achievements in the synthesis of 5-HMF using ionic liquids as published in scientific periodicals up to the middle of July 2010. Ionic liquids, water, carbohydrates, a catalyst, etc. —Zakrzewska et al.

Renewable

Renewable Fuel Production Conversion

Review finds encouraging progress in electrochemical reduction of CO2 to organic compounds; substantial advances in catalysts, electrolytes and reactors still required

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 7, 2010

However, the two conclude in their review, substantial advances in catalyst, electrolyte, and reactor design are needed to enable CO 2 utilization via electrochemical conversion a technology that can help address climate change and shift society to renewable energy sources. Current research efforts in the electrochemical conversion of CO 2.

Conversion

Conversion CO2 Hydrogen Carbon

Tunable high-yield catalytic approach converts pyrolysis oil to bio-hydrocarbon chemical feedstocks including fuel additives

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2010

Pyrolysis bio-oils are produced by the thermal decomposition of biomass by heating in the absence of oxygen at more than 500 °C; fast pyrolysis of biomass is much less expensive than biomass conversion technologies based on gasification or fermentation processes. In comparison, increasing the H/C eff ratio of pyrolysis oil from 0 to 1.4

Oil

Oil Convert Hydrogen Fuel

New Review Concludes Very Low EROI of Oil Shale Combined with High Carbon Intensity Likely Makes it an Unsuitable Alternative to Conventional Crude Oil

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 3, 2010

A comparison of estimates of the energy return on investment (EROI) at the wellhead for conventional crude oil, or for crude product prior to refining for oil shale. While one could argue that the char and gas produced and consumed within the shale conversion process has zero opportunity cost—i.e., Source: Cleveland and O’Connor.

Oil

Oil Cleveland Carbon Boston

DOE, USDA Announce Up To $33M in Funding for Biomass Research and Development Initiative

Green Car Congress

MAY 6, 2010

This area include research, development and demonstration activities regarding feedstocks and feedstock logistics (including harvest, handling, transport, preprocessing, and storage) relevant to production of raw materials for conversion to biofuels and biobased products. Pretreatment technologies.

Conversion

Conversion Waste Renewable Production

University of Wisconsin Team Develops High-Yielding Chemical Hydrolysis Process to Release Sugars from Biomass for Cellulosic Fuels and Chemicals

Green Car Congress

MARCH 11, 2010

Although concentrated acids can also be used with high conversion rates, the hazards of handling concentrated acids and the complexities of recycling them have limited the adoption of this technology, they say. Over the course of the reaction, they add water to the mixture to prevent unwanted byproducts from forming. 0912073107.

Wisconsin

Wisconsin Universal Fuel Water

Coskata Unveils Semi-Commercial Feedstock-Flexible Ethanol Facility; Springboard for Full-Scale Commercial Rollout

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 15, 2009

By comparison, the theoretical yield of ethanol from a dry ton of corn is 124.4 The process also uses less than half the water per gallon than required for the production of gasoline from conventional crude, and about one-third to one-quarter of the water per gallon required for the production of gasoline from oil sands oil, Bolson said.

Commercial

Commercial Oil-Sands Water Gasoline

Separate MIT, IEA reports both outline major expansion in role of natural gas; caution on climate benefits

Green Car Congress

JUNE 10, 2011

An interim report with some of this study’s major findings and recommendations was released in June 2010. Transformation of the current approach to appliance standards to one based on full fuel cycle analysis will enable better comparison of different energy supply options in commercial and residential applications. Source: IEA.

MIT

MIT Gas Climate Gas-Electric

DOE Issues RFI for Fuel Cells For Combined Heating and Power and APU Applications; Reflective of New Direction for Hydrogen Program

Green Car Congress

MAY 31, 2009

Although the proposed 2010 budget for the DOE reduces funding for hydrogen fuel cell vehicle work ( earlier post ), the Recovery Act is providing a $42 million boost for nearer-term applications of fuel cells in other areas. Status of fuel cell technologies in comparison to targets and potential areas of R&D. Operating lifetime.

Hydrogen

Hydrogen Fuel Power Powered

Final session on international mercury convention this week expected to culminate in agreement; UNEP Global Mercury Assessment 2013 finds industrial source Hg emissions may be rising

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 13, 2013

Comparison of Hg emissions in 2005 and 2010, by selected sector and region. The session is expected to culminate in the adoption of a new convention by the 147 states attending the session to reduce mercury emissions and releases to the air, water and land. Source: UNEP. Click to enlarge.

Mercury

Mercury Emissions 2013 Global

Study casting doubt on GHG benefits of corn stover ethanol draws sharp criticism by other researchers; Liska responds

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 30, 2014

The study led by University of Nebraska-Lincoln assistant professor Adam Liska, funded through a three-year, $500,000-grant from the US Department of Energy, used carbon dioxide measurements taken from 2001 to 2010 to validate a soil carbon model that was built using data from 36 field studies across North America. Liska et al.

Climate Change

Climate Change Climate Nebraska Carbon

Direct-Injection Engine Study Finds That DMF Is a Promising Biofuel, With Combustion Performance and Regulated Emissions Comparable to Gasoline

Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2010

With recent work improving the high yield conversion of biomass-derived carbohydrates to DMF ( earlier post , earlier post ), there is growing interest in using this as a bio-based substitute for petroleum-derived gasoline. With a boiling point of 92-94 °C, DMF is also less volatile than ethanol (bp 78 °C), and is immiscible with water.

Gasoline

Gasoline Engine Emissions Fuel

Ford Unveils New 6.7-L Power Stroke V-8 Turbocharged Diesel

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 31, 2009

Debuting in the next-generation F-Series Super Duty truck, the new diesel engine will deliver improvements in torque, horsepower and fuel economy while adding more fueling flexibility—the engine is sanctioned for up to B20 biodiesel blends—and meeting 2010 emissions requirements. This conversion happens at about 250 °C. water and 32.5%

Diesel

Diesel Ford Power Powered

Automakers agree on common plug to recharge electric vehicles

Tony Karrer Delicious EVdriven

APRIL 20, 2009

A 220 volt socket like on your water heater or dryer would be better, ad these typically have 40 or 50 amp circuits, so they can deliver 8,000 to 10,000 watts - is this what they mean? 110 charging for home is probably ok, because youre going to charge over night, but for charge stations it just wont be enough. excluding coal power in china.

Recharge

Recharge Plug Electric Vehicles 2009

EV Driven

Lifecycle Study Finds Algae as Bioenergy Feedstock Has Higher Environmental Impacts than Conventional Crops in Energy Use, GHG Emissions, and Water Use; The Importance of Using Waste Streams

Study finds autothermal reforming with WGS reactor preferred option for on-board reforming of biodiesel and bioethanol

Study concludes permanent loss of peatlands in open-pit oil sands mining adds significantly to carbon burden of oil sands production

New study finds GHG emissions from palm oil production significantly underestimated; palm oil biofuels could be more climate-damaging than oil sands fuels

Bright Automotive To Convert VW Transporters to Plug-ins

New Design for an Artificial Leaf for More Efficient Hydrogen Production

GTI and CRI/Criterion Inc. sign licensing agreement for IH2 process; direct production of biogasoline and diesel hydrocarbon blendstock

Life cycle study calculates Algenols algae-to-ethanol process can deliver 67% to 87% reduction in carbon footprint compared to gasoline

ARA Developing Catalytic Hydrothermal Process to Convert Plant Oils Into Non-Ester Biofuels (Biohydrocarbons)

Review of use of ionic liquids in production of 5-HMF from biomass; platform for renewable fuels and chemicals

Review finds encouraging progress in electrochemical reduction of CO2 to organic compounds; substantial advances in catalysts, electrolytes and reactors still required

Tunable high-yield catalytic approach converts pyrolysis oil to bio-hydrocarbon chemical feedstocks including fuel additives

New Review Concludes Very Low EROI of Oil Shale Combined with High Carbon Intensity Likely Makes it an Unsuitable Alternative to Conventional Crude Oil

DOE, USDA Announce Up To $33M in Funding for Biomass Research and Development Initiative

University of Wisconsin Team Develops High-Yielding Chemical Hydrolysis Process to Release Sugars from Biomass for Cellulosic Fuels and Chemicals

Coskata Unveils Semi-Commercial Feedstock-Flexible Ethanol Facility; Springboard for Full-Scale Commercial Rollout

Separate MIT, IEA reports both outline major expansion in role of natural gas; caution on climate benefits

DOE Issues RFI for Fuel Cells For Combined Heating and Power and APU Applications; Reflective of New Direction for Hydrogen Program

Final session on international mercury convention this week expected to culminate in agreement; UNEP Global Mercury Assessment 2013 finds industrial source Hg emissions may be rising

Study casting doubt on GHG benefits of corn stover ethanol draws sharp criticism by other researchers; Liska responds

Direct-Injection Engine Study Finds That DMF Is a Promising Biofuel, With Combustion Performance and Regulated Emissions Comparable to Gasoline

Ford Unveils New 6.7-L Power Stroke V-8 Turbocharged Diesel

Automakers agree on common plug to recharge electric vehicles

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