Green Car Congress

MARCH 17, 2012

An analysis of the US refining sector, based on linear programming (LP) modeling, finds that refining plausibly high volumes of Canadian oil sands crudes in US refineries in 2025 would lead to a modest increase in refinery CO 2 emissions (ranging between 5.4% to 9.3%) from a 2010 baseline, depending upon the supply scenario.

Oil-Sands 247

Oil-Sands Oil Emissions CO2 247

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2013

The US Department of State (DOS) has released its Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS) in response to TransCanada’s May 2012 application for the Keystone XL pipeline that would run from Canada’s oils sands in Alberta to Nebraska. The pipeline would primarily transport crude oil from the WCSB and Bakken regions.

Climate Change 250

Climate Change Oil-Sands Nebraska Climate 250

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 26, 2011

Comparison of the percent differential for WTW (well-to-wheel) GHGs from gasoline produced from WCSB oil sands using different production processes relative to gasoline produced from reference crudes. The proposed Project is not likely to impact the amount of crude oil produced from the oil sands.

Oil-Sands 253

Oil-Sands Emissions Oil Oklahoma 253

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2014

The study was commissioned by the European Oilseed Alliance (EOA), the European Biodiesel Board (EBB) and the European Vegetable Oil and Proteinmeal Industry (FEDIOL). Even for conventional oil production fields, because larger existing fields get depleted, the extraction efforts increase while smaller fields are taken in operation.

Oil-Sands 236

Oil-Sands Oil 2014 Fuel 236

Green Car Congress

MAY 13, 2013

GOS is exclusively focused on large-scale mining and processing of the world’s kerogen rich oil shale deposits to oil, with potential for add-on electricity production and associated minerals extraction. Lifecycle GHG for oil shale. Earlier post.). Earlier post.).

Oil 218

Oil Oil-Sands Engine Global 218

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2015

Canada formally submitted its target, referred to as an Intended Nationally Determined Contribution (INDC), to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The new regulations include: Regulations aligned with recently proposed actions in the United States to reduce GHG methane from the oil-and-gas sector.

2005 150

2005 Canada Oil Gas 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 19, 2011

The materials are being evaluated based on hydrolysis rates and need for enzyme addition or production of C 5 and C 6 sugars as well as production of inhibitory compounds measured as HMF, furfural, and acetic acid. The team has begun host strain engineering to combine C 5 sugar utilization with Amyris farnesene production.

Production 218

Production Fuel Oil-Sands Oil 218

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 4, 2012

have formed a strategic alliance that includes the establishment of an equally-owned joint venture for the production of cellulosic liquid fuels and chemicals in Brazil, as well as a US$20-million equity investment in Ensyn Corporation by Fibria. approx 75 wt%) of liquid bio-oil from residual forestry or agricultural biomass.

Brazil 236

Brazil Oil-Sands Fuel Chevron 236

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2019

liter M 139 engine is the world’s most powerful turbocharged four-cylinder engine in series production. This product policy logic has already proved successful in the V8-powered AMG Performance models. Fresh air is used in addition to oil and water to cool the turbocharger. NANOSLIDE cylinder coating.

Mercedes 277

Mercedes Exhaust Oil-Sands Engine 277

Green Car Congress

MAY 27, 2009

World marketed energy consumption is projected to grow by 44% between 2006 and 2030, driven by strong long-term economic growth in the developing nations of the world, according to the reference case projection from the International Energy Outlook 2009 ( IEO2009 ) released today by the US Energy Information Administration (EIA).

2006 150

2006 Emissions Energy Oil-Sands 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 4, 2010

The parties proposing to develop the Mackenzie Gas Project are: Imperial Oil Resources Limited (IORL); Imperial Oil Resources Ventures Limited (IORVL); Shell Canada Limited as managing partner of Shell Canada Energy; ConocoPhillips Canada (North) Limited and ConocoPhillips Northern Partnership; ExxonMobil Canada Properties; and.

Canada 170

Canada Gas Oil-Sands Climate Change 170

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 1, 2014

Incremental well-to-wheels GHG emissions from WCSB Oil Sands Crudes Compared to Well-to-Wheels GHG Emissions from Displacing Reference Crudes Click to enlarge. Domestic production of crude oil has increased significantly, from approximately 5.5 That portion of the pipeline has already been built. million bpd.

Oil-Sands 220

Oil-Sands Nebraska Oil Montana 220

Green Car Congress

APRIL 11, 2011

Numbers and references are given in Creutzig et al. Transportation consumes more than half of the oil used world-wide, and contributes roughly 25% of energy-related CO 2 emissions. In fact, both varying feedstock and varying production process will increasingly determine the overall carbon footprint of road transportation.

Transportation 225

Transportation Emissions Carbon Standards 225

Green Car Congress

JUNE 17, 2012

Hydraulic fracturing (“fracking”) extracts natural gas by injecting a mixture of water, sand, and chemicals in short bursts at high pressure into deep underground wells. Δσ refers only to the radial stress in the exterior region. ΔV * and Δσ ? 0; if the medium is much stiffer, then ΔV ?

Oil-Sands 250

Oil-Sands Gas Water Oil 250

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 10, 2014

Liquid fuels production (OPEC crude and lease condensate, non-OPEC crude and lease condensate, and other) and consumption (by OECD and non-OECD regions) under three price cases in 2040. Crude and lease condensate includes tight oil, shale oil, extra-heavy crude oil, field condensate, and bitumen (i.e., Source: EIA.

Asia 341

Asia Transportation Oil-Sands Oil Prices 341

Green Car Congress

JUNE 12, 2015

The financial pages of Canadian newspapers have been full of headlines lately announcing the potential of two large shale oil fields in the Northwest Territories said to contain enough oil to rival the Bakken Formation of North Dakota and Montana. billion barrels. enthused the Financial Post.

Oil-Sands 150

Oil-Sands Oil North Dakota Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2009

At issue is the 2012 expiration of the Kyoto Protocol, a binding but effectively unenforceable 1997 treaty that had set greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets for 40 industrialized countries, referred to as Annex 1 countries, yielding an average GHG reduction of 5.2%

Climate 236

Climate Climate Change 2009 Emissions 236

Green Car Congress

MARCH 5, 2015

Oil and gas operations in the United States produce about 21 billion barrels of wastewater per year, with accompanying disposal costs of about $5 billion per year. The internal potential generated between the anode and the cathode drives additional salt removal, and the energy can be harvested for electricity and chemical production.

Oil 150

Oil Gas Oil-Sands Water 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 5, 2015

The report did not address other concerns raised about hydraulic fracturing specifically or about oil and gas exploration and production activities more generally, including acquisition and transport of constituents of hydraulic fracturing fluids besides water (e.g., Water, of variable quality, is a byproduct of oil and gas production.

Water 150

Water EPA Oil-Sands Oil 150

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 14, 2016

The collapse of oil prices has forced the US shale industry to slash production costs. In other words, about three-quarters of the cost reductions have come from trends that will not ultimately improve the overall recovery of oil. by James Stafford of Oilprice.com. This is a process known as “high-grading.”

Oil-Sands 150

Oil-Sands Oil Oil Prices Price 150