Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 25, 2010

Canadian Oil Sands Trust, the largest stakeholder (36.74%) in the Syncrude oil sands project, announced plans to increase the synthetic crude oil production capacity at Syncrude Mildred Lake upgrader to 425,000 barrels per day by 2020 from 350,000 now. Marcel Coutu, Canadian Oil Sands’ President and CEO. and Imperial Oil.

Oil-Sands 199

Oil-Sands Oil 2020 Canada 199

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 9, 2010

In the paper, Nataliya Malyshkina and Deb Niemeier point out that the peak of oil production is estimated to occur approximately between 2010 and 2030, and note that all those dates are considerably earlier than their estimate of the time until renewable replacement technologies are viable in the market (around 2140).

Davis 300

Davis Renewable Gasoline Market 300

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 1, 2011

” Their analysis is in the context of the “ surprising [oil] demand strength of 2010 “; 2010 saw absolute incremental demand at around 2.2mb/d of growth—the second highest in 30 years, despite oil prices in the $90/bbl region. In the US hybrids fell from about 3% of total sales in 2008-09 to 2.2%

Transportation 250

Transportation Gasoline Lithium Ion Gasoline-Electric 250

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 26, 2010

Jack Rosebro, founder of Perfect Sky in Los Angeles [and a contributor to Green Car Congress ], spoke of the need for government policy makers to move beyond incremental changes that are not providing enough incentive for the market to produce alternatives to oil as the almost exclusive source of energy for road and rail transportation.

Electric Vehicles 186

Electric Vehicles Vehicles Los Angeles Canada 186

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 15, 2009

At this point, however, it is not clear what sorts of breakthroughs might become commercially viable. Gasoline use for PHEV-10s and PHEV-40s introduced at the Maximum Practical rate and the Efficiency Case from the 2008 Hydrogen Report. It is possible that breakthroughs in battery technology will greatly lower the cost.

Plug-in 186

Plug-in Plug PHEV Hybrid 186

Green Car Congress

JUNE 22, 2009

Preliminary analysis suggests that Virent’s BioForming process can compete economically with petroleum-based fuels and chemicals at crude oil prices of $60 a barrel. The BioForming platform is near commercialization. Also in 2008, Shell and Virent announced their collaboration.

Green 150

Green Fuel 2008 Water 150

Green Car Congress

APRIL 30, 2009

How did the high fuel prices impact customer behavior in 2008? Skalny, Director, US Army TARDEC shared the following insights on fuel usage within the Department of Defense (DOD): Every $10/barrel increase in oil prices adds $1.3 The cells make up the remainder. Department of Defense and Fuel Economy. —Bill Cooke.

Congress 150

Congress 2009 Cash For Clunkers Li-ion 150