Exhaust, Future and Ozone

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

Green Car Congress

MARCH 1, 2019

and ozone deaths, associated mortality rates, and population in G20 economies in 2015. and ozone worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015, equivalent to 11.7% and ozone premature deaths in 2010 and 11.4% and ozone concentrations from transportation emissions resulted in 7.8 Transportation-attributable PM 2.5 Together, PM 2.5

Ozone

Ozone 2015 2010 Exhaust

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2023

A fleet average nonfuel nonexhaust VOC emission factor of 58 ± 39 mg veh –1 km –1 was calculated for the missing source, which is greater than the total of all VOCs emitted from vehicle exhausts and their associated evaporative fuel losses. While some VOCs are released in exhaust, others may arise from an unexpected source—e.g.,

Emissions

Emissions Exhaust Cars Ozone

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 8, 2023

Emissions from automobile exhaust systems have decreased in recent years due to the introduction of cleaner fuels and new control technologies on internal combustion engines, as well as increases in numbers of hybrid and electric vehicles. Establish a bio-bank of samples to support future HEI-sponsored research in this area.

Emissions

Emissions Pollution Exhaust London

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

Green Car Congress

MAY 2, 2016

the criteria pollutants and CO 2 that emerge with the exhaust from the tailpipe. However, there is more than 15 years of research showing that the contribution of non-exhaust primary particles to the total traffic generated primary particles is significant in urban areas. Further, a 2013 review by Denier van der Gon et al. Background.

Exhaust

Exhaust Emissions Belgium Gasoline-Electric

HEI ACES study of lifetime animal exposure to New Technology Diesel Engine exhaust finds no lung cancer

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 27, 2015

The first study to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of lifetime exposure to new technology diesel exhaust (NTDE)—i.e., exhaust from heavy-duty diesel engines meeting EPA 2007 and later emissions requirements—has found no evidence of carcinogenic lung tumors. Earlier post.) Advanced Collaborative Emissions Study (ACES).

Exhaust

Exhaust Diesel Engine 2007

MIT team proposes SCR emission control for hybrid aviation turbines; reducing NOx by 95%

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 15, 2021

At cruising altitude, airplanes emit a steady stream of NO x into the atmosphere, where the chemicals can linger to produce ozone and fine particulates. Due to its size, any SCR system will likely need to be housed in the aircraft body, potentially making it most suitable for future hybrid- or turbo-electric aircraft designs.

MIT

MIT Emissions Hybrid Gas-Electric

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2013

1,000 to 21,000) deaths due to changes in ozone concentrations. 900 to 11,000) ozone-related early deaths per year. 300 to 4,000) ozone-related premature mortalities per year. 2000 (90% CI: 0–4,000) early deaths from ozone, according to the study. 53,000 (90% CI: 24,000–95,000) PM 2.5 related premature deaths and ?5,000

MIT

MIT Emissions Ozone Power

Ford researchers report detailed study of the effect of different ethanol blend levels on emissions from FFVs

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 23, 2013

The minimum in NO x and NMOG emissions for midlevel ethanol blends points to future opportunities for emission reductions from FFVs. The study thus included the current predominant market fuel (E10); a range of possible future midlevel ethanol blends (E20?E40); Engine-out exhaust contains typically 1?3% Click to enlarge.

Emissions

Emissions Ford Exhaust Engine

Chevron fined $422,500 for 3 instances of non-compliant fuels in California; ethanol, olefin and cetane issues

Green Car Congress

JULY 19, 2013

Chevron was notified by ARB of the violation, and took immediate steps to find and rectify the cause to prevent future occurrences. In California, motor vehicles are the main source of smog-forming pollution and diesel exhaust accounts for 70% of Californians’ daily exposure to air toxics.

Chevron

Chevron California San Jose Fuel

MECA report finds additional NOx emission reductions from new heavy-duty trucks achievable and cost-effective

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 5, 2020

NO x is a precursor for both ground level ozone and secondary PM 2.5 In this report, MECA provides our assessment of technologies being commercialized by component suppliers, including MECA members, to help their customers comply with future lower NO x standards.

Emissions

Emissions Diesel Engine 2010

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 28, 2014

Compared to the 2010 “Business as Usual” scenario—which includes all adopted emission control measures for the South Coast—NO x levels must be reduced by 65% and by 75% to meet the 2023 and 2032 ozone standards, respectively. These technologies can and should be a foundation of that future. Advanced After Treatment.

Climate

Climate Gas Emissions California

London and Paris launch car scoring initiative based on real-world emissions; ICCT the technical lead

Green Car Congress

MARCH 29, 2017

This new undertaking will capture detailed information on pollutants from vehicle exhaust using remote-sensing equipment and portable emissions monitoring systems. The meeting, was the first such effort by city leaders and car manufacturers to work together in planning for a sustainable future.

London

London Emissions The Fia Foundation Pollution

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Green Car Congress

JUNE 1, 2017

Exhaust from modern gasoline powered engines, despite higher ignition temperatures than those powered by diesel, can be effectively treated for NO along with NMVOC (and CO) using a three way catalytic (TWC) converter. 85% is modelled to be emitted by the passenger car fleet based on the COPERT model and TRACCS database. —Karl et al.

Europe

Europe Diesel Emissions Pollution

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

Green Car Congress

JULY 29, 2010

degrees Fahrenheit) over the last century and is expected to warm significantly more in the future if nothing is done. Particle traps filter out soot particles from exhaust fumes. 1990; Anisimov, 2007] and chemical production of ozone in already-polluted locations [Jacobson, 2008b]. degrees Celsius (4.5 Dessler et al.,

Global

Global Ozone CO2 Pollution

EPA says methane emissions from natural gas production have dropped 36% from 2007-2011

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2013

The finding may have an impact on future regulation of fracking for natural gas production, as opponents of the technology have pointed to higher rates of methane leak as being an argument against it. The figure includes the direct effects and those indirect effects due to the production of tropospheric ozone and stratospheric water vapor.)

2007

2007 2011 EPA Gas

Climate Expert: Don't Call It Geoengineering

Cars That Think

NOVEMBER 16, 2021

Everyone solemnly agreed, again, to follow the science, which has shown in exhaustive detail that humanity will suffer from heat, fire, floods, and droughts if the world warms beyond 1.5° In almost all previous projections for climate, tipping events like these were far in the future. C above pre-industrial levels.

Climate

Climate Climate Change Mariner Pollution

HEI study finds London Congestion Charging Scheme shows little evidence of improving air quality

Green Car Congress

APRIL 27, 2011

Although they were unable to demonstrate a clear effect of the CCS either on individual air pollutant levels or on oxidative potential of particulate matter, their study offers lessons for future studies of interventions that are expected to influence air quality. Resources.

London

London Charging Pollution Diesel

National Academies release third review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 14, 2015

The Partnership aims to “ accelerate the introduction of advanced truck and bus technologies that use less fuel, have greater fuel diversity, operate more safely, are more reliable, meet future emissions standards, and are cost effective.” With the changes occurring in the industry, this should be revisited.

MPG

MPG Miles 2009 Fuel

Study links air pollution to increased emergency department visits for heart and lung disease

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 11, 2018

They found that exposure to pollutants such as ground-level ozone and nitrogen oxides, which are created from burning fossil fuels, led to increased ED visits. ozone and sulfate) origin and cardiorespiratory emergency department (ED) visits for 8 specific outcomes in five U.S. nitrogen oxides) and secondary (e.g. —Krall et al.

Pollution

Pollution St. Louis Dallas Atlanta

Berkeley study identifies diesel as main source of vehicular secondary organic aerosols

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 23, 2012

Contribution of gasoline and diesel exhaust to SOA over 0% to 50% diesel fuel use. The study determined that, depending on a region’s fuel use, diesel exhaust is responsible for 65% to 90% of vehicular-derived SOA, with substantial contributions from aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons. Gentner et al. Click to enlarge. Earlier post.).

Diesel

Diesel Los Angeles Exhaust Gasoline

Comparative study finds that B20 increases emission rates of a number of pollutants in both light- and medium-duty diesel engines at idle

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2012

They found that the level of emissions of regulated and unregulated pollutants in diesel exhaust depends on fuel, load, engine calibration, and exhaust aftertreatment technology. Unregulated pollutants also include ozone precursors and bioaccumulative and toxic compounds. L) and medium-duty (6.4 L/2002 calibration and 6.4

Pollution

Pollution Diesel Emissions Engine

EV Driven

Study links ambient PM2.5 and ozone specifically caused by vehicle exhaust emissions to ~361,000 premature deaths worldwide in 2010 and ~385,000 in 2015

UK researchers report that alcohols in windshield washer fluid are major unreported source of VOCs emissions from cars, including EVs

HEI launches two new non-tailpipe particulate emission studies

The importance of considering non-exhaust traffic emissions; the role of EVs

HEI ACES study of lifetime animal exposure to New Technology Diesel Engine exhaust finds no lung cancer

MIT team proposes SCR emission control for hybrid aviation turbines; reducing NOx by 95%

MIT study says combustion emissions cause ~200,000 premature deaths/year in US; vehicles and power generation top sources

Ford researchers report detailed study of the effect of different ethanol blend levels on emissions from FFVs

Chevron fined $422,500 for 3 instances of non-compliant fuels in California; ethanol, olefin and cetane issues

MECA report finds additional NOx emission reductions from new heavy-duty trucks achievable and cost-effective

Report argues advanced HD natural gas vehicles foundational for California to hit air and climate goals; near zero-emission potential

London and Paris launch car scoring initiative based on real-world emissions; ICCT the technical lead

Study finds air quality models significantly underestimate traffic as source of NOx in Europe

Study Finds Controlling Soot May Be Fastest Method to Reduce Arctic Ice Loss and Global Warming; Second-Leading Cause of Global Warming After CO2

EPA says methane emissions from natural gas production have dropped 36% from 2007-2011

Climate Expert: Don't Call It Geoengineering

HEI study finds London Congestion Charging Scheme shows little evidence of improving air quality

National Academies release third review of the 21st Century Truck Partnership

Study links air pollution to increased emergency department visits for heart and lung disease

Berkeley study identifies diesel as main source of vehicular secondary organic aerosols

Comparative study finds that B20 increases emission rates of a number of pollutants in both light- and medium-duty diesel engines at idle

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