Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 19, 2013

Plot of cumulative steam-to-oil ratio (cSOR) vs. ratio of energy produced in form of chemical energy contained in bitumen if combusted to energy injected in form of steam (75% efficient steam generation). From Gates and Larter (2013). One of the key challenges in producing bitumen and heavy oil is their high, variable viscosity.

Oil-Sands 337

Oil-Sands Oil Energy Emissions 337

Green Car Congress

JUNE 12, 2012

A technology and energy production consortium has successfully completed initial proof-of-concept testing of a novel oil sands extraction method that has the potential to improve environmental performance and reduce development costs. The consortium of Laricina Energy, Nexen Inc., Approximately 1.6

Oil-Sands 231

Oil-Sands Oil Water Climate Change 231

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 29, 2012

TransCanada and Phoenix will each own 50% of the proposed $3-billion pipeline project that includes both a crude oil and a diluent line to transport volumes approximately 500 kilometers (311 miles) between the oil sands producing area northwest of Fort McMurray and the Edmonton/Heartland region.

Oil-Sands 218

Oil-Sands Phoenix Oil Energy 218

Green Car Congress

APRIL 29, 2013

Imperial Oil Limited has begun the initial development of the Kearl oil sands project ( earlier post ), which incorporates technology innovations to enhance environmental performance. Kearl will be the first oil sands mining operation that does not require an upgrader to make a saleable crude oil.

Oil-Sands 231

Oil-Sands Oil Production Water 231

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 11, 2009

million) to the Petroleum Technology Research Centre ( PTRC ) in Regina, Saskatchewan and StatoilHydro Canada for a project to reduce water use and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions for in situ oil sands recovery by steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD). Water use and CO 2 emissions are major challenges for the oil sand industry.

Oil-Sands 218

Oil-Sands Oil Water Canada 218

Green Car Congress

APRIL 2, 2013

TransCanada Corporation will hold a binding open season to obtain firm commitments from interested parties for a pipeline to transport crude oil from Western Canada to Eastern Canadian markets. The Energy East Pipeline could eliminate Canada’s reliance on higher priced crude oil currently being imported, TransCanada suggests.

Oil-Sands 210

Oil-Sands Oil Canada 2013 210

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 1, 2013

Royal Dutch Shell plc will proceed with its Carmon Creek project in Alberta, Canada, expected to produce up to 80,000 barrels of oil per day. Once the project is up and running the aim is to virtually eliminate the need for freshwater use for steam generation through recycling of water produced with the oil.

Oil-Sands 231

Oil-Sands Oil North America Water 231

Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2013

The US Department of State (DOS) has released its Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS) in response to TransCanada’s May 2012 application for the Keystone XL pipeline that would run from Canada’s oils sands in Alberta to Nebraska. The pipeline would primarily transport crude oil from the WCSB and Bakken regions.

Climate Change 250

Climate Change Oil-Sands Nebraska Climate 250

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 26, 2011

Comparison of the percent differential for WTW (well-to-wheel) GHGs from gasoline produced from WCSB oil sands using different production processes relative to gasoline produced from reference crudes. The proposed Project is not likely to impact the amount of crude oil produced from the oil sands. Click to enlarge.

Oil-Sands 253

Oil-Sands Emissions Oil Oklahoma 253

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2015

Canada will continue to take cooperative action with its continental trading partners, particularly the United States, in integrated sectors of the economy, including energy and transportation. In 2013, Canada's GHG emissions were 3.1% Canada already has 79% non-emitting electricity generation. over the same time period.

2005 150

2005 Canada Oil Gas 150

Green Car Congress

MARCH 27, 2012

The expansion of the reversed Seaway Pipeline will more than double its capacity to 850,000 barrels per day (bpd) by mid-2014 and transport oil originating in the Canadian oil sands and the US Bakken shale from Cushing, Oklahoma to the US Gulf Coast at Houston, with an extension to Port Arthur/Beaumont. Enbridge Inc.

Oil 275

Oil Oil-Sands Oklahoma Houston 275

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 22, 2014

More specifically, this new project, managed by the DOE’s Office of Fossil Energy’s National Energy Technology Laboratory, will characterize and prioritize known and prospective drilling locations with a high probability of encountering concentrated methane hydrates in sand-rich reservoirs. —Peter Flemings.

Mexico 294

Mexico Austin Oil-Sands Mariner 294

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 16, 2011

TransCanada Corporation has received additional binding commitments in support of the proposed Keystone XL pipeline system—designed to bring Canadian oil sands crude to Gulf Coast refineries—following the successful conclusion of the Keystone Houston Lateral Open Season.

Houston 210

Houston Oil-Sands Nebraska Oil 210

Green Car Congress

JULY 2, 2013

In contrast to arguments that peak conventional oil production is imminent due to physical resource scarcity, a team from Stanford University and UC Santa Cruz has examined the alternative possibility of reduced oil use due to improved efficiency and oil substitution. 2010, to above 140 $/bbl in constant 2010 dollars).

Oil 207

Oil Oil-Sands Fuel Economy Transportation 207

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 10, 2014

The Outlook for Energy identifies a significant evolution in the trade of oil and other liquids. A major shift is seen as North America will likely become a net exporter of liquids by 2020 as supplies of tight oil, natural gas liquids and bitumen from oil sands increase. Transportation in general. —Outlook.

Energy 252

Energy Global 2010 Oil-Sands 252

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 1, 2014

Incremental well-to-wheels GHG emissions from WCSB Oil Sands Crudes Compared to Well-to-Wheels GHG Emissions from Displacing Reference Crudes Click to enlarge. Domestic production of crude oil has increased significantly, from approximately 5.5 million bpd by mid-2013. million bpd in 2010 to 6.5 million bpd in 2012 and 7.5

Oil-Sands 220

Oil-Sands Nebraska Oil Montana 220

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 9, 2013

The proposed Keystone XL pipeline for transporting oilsands-derived crude to Gulf Coast refineries would have “ no material impact ” on US greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, according to a new Insight report by IHS CERA. Earlier post.). Earlier post.).

Venezuela 275

Venezuela Oil-Sands Oil Canada 275

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 26, 2014

When it takes up to four million pounds of sand to frack a single well, it’s no wonder that demand is outpacing supply and frack sand producers are becoming the biggest behind-the-scenes beneficiaries of the American oil and gas boom. says the output of wells is up to 30% higher when they are blasted with more sand.

Oil-Sands 262

Oil-Sands Arkansas Oil Mariner 262

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 16, 2011

Enbridge and Enterprise agreed to reverse the direction of crude oil flows on the Seaway pipeline to enable it to transport oil from Cushing, Oklahoma to the US Gulf Coast. million barrels of crude oil tankage on the Texas Gulf Coast and four import docks at two locations. SCPS also includes 6.8 —Patrick D.

Oil 218

Oil Canada Houston Oklahoma 218

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 17, 2011

The combined company will be the largest owner and operator of natural gas pipelines and storage assets in North America with approximately 67,000 miles of natural gas transportation pipelines. Largest independent transporter of petroleum products in the United States, transporting approximately 1.9 is approximately $38 billion.

El Paso 225

El Paso North America Gas Purchase 225

Green Car Congress

JUNE 12, 2015

The financial pages of Canadian newspapers have been full of headlines lately announcing the potential of two large shale oil fields in the Northwest Territories said to contain enough oil to rival the Bakken Formation of North Dakota and Montana. billion barrels. enthused the Financial Post.

Oil-Sands 150

Oil-Sands Oil North Dakota Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

MAY 25, 2013

A team from Stanford University and the California Air Resources Board (ARB) has developed a new open-source lifecycle analysis (LCA) tool for modeling the greenhouse gas emissions of oil and gas production using characteristics of specific fields and associated production pathways. —El-Houjeiri et al.

Oil 225

Oil Oil-Sands Production Emissions 225

Cars That Think

DECEMBER 24, 2023

If it works, the benefits to the electrification of transportation would be huge. Importantly, the nanofluids are engineered to remain suspended indefinitely, unlike other suspensions—for instance, sand in water. The particles can compose up to 80 percent of the liquid’s weight while leaving it no more viscous than motor oil.

Lithium Ion 145

Lithium Ion Batteries Battery Li-ion 145

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 29, 2009

The IPCC is expected to release revised reference emissions within the next few years, so that they can be used in the Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), slated for completion in 2013. In particular, Prentice seeks to shield Alberta’s emissions-intensive oil sands operations from the effects of emission reductions.

Climate 236

Climate Climate Change 2009 Emissions 236

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 29, 2013

liter version of this engine has already made its debut in the 2013 Beetle and Jetta GLI, delivering a 10 hp improvement.). Other features include a new, lighter turbocharger/cylinder head assembly; the use of lightweight polymers for the oil pan, and use of aluminum for various screws and fasteners. Intake and injection.

2014 331

2014 Engine Exhaust Fuel Economy 331

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 27, 2013

The report explored three major options for monetizing the resource: an onshore LNG plant; a transnational undersea pipeline; and the deployment of a CNG marine transport system. While natural gas is often cheaper than oil and gives off fewer emissions, developing the resource comes with risks, especially for smaller nations.

Cyprus 261

Cyprus MIT Gas Gas-Electric 261

Green Car Congress

FEBRUARY 28, 2012

billion and subject to regulatory approvals, TransCanada said it anticipates the Gulf Coast Project to be in service in mid- to late 2013. Moving oil from the Midwest to the world-class, state-of-the-art refineries on the Gulf Coast will modernize our infrastructure, create jobs, and encourage American energy production.

Nebraska 218

Nebraska Montana Oil-Sands Oklahoma 218

Green Car Congress

MARCH 24, 2017

The permit authorizes TransCanada to construct, to connect, to operate, and to maintain pipeline facilities at the US-Canadian border in Phillips County, Montana for the importation of crude oil. Kerry noted at that time that the arguments pro and con had been “overstated”. County and local permites in Montana and South Dakota.

South Dakota 170

South Dakota Nebraska Montana 2017 170