Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2012

Environmental impacts of gasoline and E85. eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. Process flow diagrams for E85 and gasoline. GW = global warming; Eut.

Gasoline 357

Gasoline Water Emissions Minnesota 357

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 11, 2012

Researchers from the University of Minnesota have produced a spatially and temporally explicit life cycle inventory (LCI) of air pollutants from gasoline, ethanol derived from corn grain, and ethanol from corn stover for the contiguous US (the lower 48 states). Dashed lines show US average emissions. Credit: ACS, Tessum et al.

Gasoline 236

Gasoline Emissions Gasoline-Electric Pollution 236

Green Car Congress

MAY 7, 2013

Researchers at the University of Minnesota are proposing a novel strategy that simultaneously identifies (a) the most desirable biomass-derived chemical products for an application of interest, such as fuels, and (b) the corresponding synthesis routes. less fuel and cooling water) and capital (e.g., Credit: ACS, Marvin et al.

Fuel 301

Fuel Gasoline Renewable Exhaust 301

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 6, 2010

Rather, it is uncertain whether existing biofuels production provides any beneficial improvement over traditional gasoline, after taking into account land use changes and emissions of nitrous oxide. The average cost to taxpayers for these “substituted” traditional gasoline barrels was roughly $82 per barrel, or $1.95

Universal 257

Universal Congress Gasoline United States 257

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2009

Polyitaconic acid is a water-soluble polymer with a 2 million metric ton per year market potential as a replacement for petrochemical dispersants, detergents, and super-absorbents. The self-contained process uses minimal water and no acids or chemical additives. University of Minnesota (St. DOE Awards. Exelus, Inc.

Grant 199

Grant Tennessee Waste North Carolina 199

Green Car Congress

MAY 15, 2021

At commercial scale, the inputs to the proposed “carbon refinery” process are carbon-free renewable energy, water, and CO 2. University of Wisconsin-Madison. The University of Wisconsin-Madison aims to eliminate CO 2 release in the production of chemicals by integrating the unique and efficient capabilities of two microorganisms.

Carbon 303

Carbon Production Conversion Universal 303

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 28, 2012

The projects are based in 24 states, with approximately 47% of the projects led by universities; 29% by small businesses; 15% by large businesses; 7.5% University. Researchers from Colorado State University will develop a system. Researchers from Colorado State University will develop a system. University.

2012 240

2012 Energy Lithium Sulfur Conversion 240