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Study: air pollution caused 1.1M deaths across Africa in 2019, toll from outdoor pollution rising

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Cities are expanding, economies are growing, and life expectancy has almost doubled. Fossil fuel combustion has driven an increase in outdoor air pollution that in 2019 killed 29.15 Air pollution was responsible for 1.1 The most disturbing finding was the increase in deaths from ambient air pollution. billion in 2020 to 4.3

Africa 397
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Australia PM Gillard announces carbon pricing plan; transport fuels exempt, but lowered fuel tax credits to bring carbon price to some businesses

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Most Australians now agree our climate is changing, this is caused by carbon pollution, this has harmful effects on our environment and on the economy—and the Government should act. Transport fuels will be excluded from the carbon pricing mechanism. We have had a long debate about climate change in this country.

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OECD: governments should make better use of energy taxation to address climate change; “meaningful” increases limited to road sector

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Taxes are effective at cutting harmful emissions from energy use, but governments could make better use of them. Tax rates were below the low-end estimate of climate costs (EUR 30/tCO 2 ) for 97% of emissions. The report assesses the magnitude and coverage of taxes on energy use in 2015, and considers change between 2012 and 2015.

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GFEI report suggests $2T savings from fuel economy improvements in ICE vehicles through 2025 can help fund long-term transition to plug-ins

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Meanwhile, significant gains in vehicle fuel economy over the coming decades are possible and very much needed globally in order to address pressing issues of climate change, energy security and sustainable mobility. carbon fuel vehicles will be needed to continue to decarbonize LDVs and reduce oil use out to 2050 and beyond.

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Baker Institute report: China has positioned itself as a gatekeeper to the energy transition; nickel case study

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Minerals and the materials derived from them are at the heart of energy transition strategies, and emerging markets and developing economies are the overwhelming providers. There are also unanswered questions about how to even finance electrification or road construction and maintenance given lost revenues from fuels taxes, Foss said.

China 416
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Belfer Center Study Concludes Reducing Car and Truck GHG Emissions Will Require Substantially Higher Fuel Prices; Income Tax Credits for Advanced Alt Fuel Vehicles Are Essentially Ineffective at Reducing Sector Emissions

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Economy-wide CO 2 prices of $30-60/t CO 2 are too weak on their own to motivate significant reductions in CO 2 emissions from transportation. The economy-wide CO 2 prices applied increase the cost of driving only marginally with respect to the business-as-usual case. —Morrow et al. Adoption of all of the preceding policies.

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Belfer Center report calls for policymakers to begin taking steps to change policies for funding US transportation infrastructure

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users pay for the construction and maintenance of roads via a federal fuel tax. Revenues from the tax go into the federal Highway Trust Fund, which is independent of the General Fund; every five years or so Congress passes an authorization bill to allocate these revenues. States use similar mechanisms. —Huang et al.