Cornell study examines trade-off between critical metals requirement and transportation decarbonization
Green Car Congress
APRIL 17, 2023
“Recycling w/o 2nd” indicates retired batteries that are directly recycled without a second life as energy storage systems (ESSs). Monotonic growth in global demand for critical metals to 2050 is the most prevalent trend. Recycling w/2nd” denotes retired batteries reused as ESSs before recycling. Zhang et al.
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