Green Car Congress

MARCH 2, 2023

Researchers led by the Department of Energy’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) have extended the capacity and duration of sodium-aluminum batteries. The new sodium-based molten salt battery uses two distinct reactions. h is achieved with an estimated raw active materials cost of $7.02 of peak charge capacity.

Molten Salt 396

Molten Salt Grid Design Sodium 396

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 10, 2017

Stanford researchers have developed a sodium-ion battery (SIB) that can store the same amount of energy as a state-of-the-art lithium ion, at substantially lower cost. Thus, further research is required to find better sodium host materials. —Lee et al.

Sodium 186

Sodium Li-ion Batteries Battery 186

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 16, 2013

F 0.7 , for sodium-ion (Na-ion) batteries (NIBs). While high-energy Li-ion batteries (LIBs) are expected to contribute in part to the solution, the high cost and low stability prohibit wide application in this area, the researchers observe. In a prior study, they developed a new Li-ion battery electrode—Li 1.1

Sodium 292

Sodium Li-ion Energy Batteries 292

Green Car Congress

MAY 28, 2014

Overview of the three vehicle classes identified in the study, and their corresponding battery technologies. Their low cost and ability to start the engine at cold temperatures sets them apart in conventional and basic micro-hybrid vehicles, and as auxiliary batteries in all other automotive applications, according to the report.

Lead Acid 304

Lead Acid Nickel Metal Hydride Energy Storage Lithium Ion 304

Green Car Congress

MARCH 19, 2014

Initial studies revealed that antimony could be suitable for both rechargeable lithium- and sodium-ion batteries because it is able to store both kinds of ions. Sodium is regarded as a possible low-cost alternative to lithium as it is much more naturally abundant and its reserves are more evenly distributed on Earth.

Li-ion 220

Li-ion Sodium Batteries Battery 220

Green Car Congress

MARCH 30, 2016

From an environmental and cost advantage, the Ballard report also concluded: Zenyatta graphite provides a clean carbon option for fuel cell components (i.e. If Zenyatta’s hydrothermal graphite can also be low cost compared to existing synthetic graphite, it will facilitate fuel cell cost reduction and market penetration.

Fuel 150

Fuel 2015 Carbon Lithium Ion 150

Green Car Congress

JANUARY 22, 2010

million) in 22 studies and projects to develop new technology that will speed up the reduction of CO 2 emissions from road vehicles. The investment will be made in sixteen proof of concept studies, which will last up to one year, and six longer-running full research and development projects.

Carbon 225

Carbon Li-ion Downsizing Gas 225