Green Car Congress

JULY 1, 2013

measures such as standards, taxation or infrastructure development—consistent with the long-term objective. Key messages and findings for the report include: The key policy for reducing GHG emissions in road transport is the steady tightening of emissions standards in line with the technological frontier.

Emissions 210

Emissions Transportation Standards Climate Change 210

Green Car Congress

DECEMBER 5, 2014

Initially, 210 BMW 1 Series and MINI Countryman models will be available for spontaneous hire. DriveNow is already an international success, with more than 360,000 regular customers in Europe and America and we are delighted now to launch it in London, Europe’s largest city.

London 210

London BMW 2015 San Francisco 210

Green Car Congress

APRIL 10, 2009

By working out that the price of oil will fall when the EU’s regulations fully take effect, the study suggests that the European economic benefits of fuel efficiency have been underestimated, in general by up to 17%, according to T&E. The impact of lower oil consumption in Europe on world oil prices (Enerdata 2009).

Oil 150

Oil Standards Price Oil Prices 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 20, 2012

New propulsion systems requiring new fuels, such as plug-in electric vehicle systems and fuel cell systems, are beyond the scope of this technology roadmap and are treated in separate roadmaps. Compared with 2005 levels, the potential for improving the fuel economy of all vehicle types within the 2030 time frame ranges from 30% to 50%.

Fuel Economy 236

Fuel Economy Fuel Transportation Engine 236

Green Car Congress

JUNE 15, 2011

Advanced combustion technologies alone could reduce CO 2 tailpipe emissions by 40% from current average levels for new-vehicle fleets of 250 to 270 grams per kilometer (g/km) in the United States, 150 to 170 g/km in Europe, 130 to 140 g/km in Japan, and 200 to 215g/km in China, according to the analysis. However, China is a major wildcard.

CO2 246

CO2 Electric Cars 2020 United States 246

Green Car Congress

OCTOBER 20, 2014

The ZEV regulations, which are now part of California’s comprehensive Advanced Clean Cars (ACC) program which also includes the LEV III tailpipe emissions standard, is the “technology-forcing piece” of the state’s regulatory package for light-duty vehicles. California has a much more ambitious long-term policy commitment to EVs. noted above.

2018 257

2018 California 2012 Plug-in 257

Green Car Congress

MARCH 16, 2016

There are many options available for reducing the fuel, energy, and GHG emissions impacts of LDVs. In the United States, LDVs alone currently account for 43% of petroleum demand and 23% of GHG emissions, when fuel production is considered. Values normalized to standard naturally-aspirated gasoline engine vehicle.

MIT 150

MIT Transportation Climate Energy 150