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Insight into benzene formation could help development of cleaner combustion engines

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That insight could also help the car industry make cleaner combustion engines. The industrial processes behind crude oil refineries and the inner-workings of gas-powered combustion engines can emit PAHs, which can form into toxic air pollutants such as soot. Zhao et al. This work was supported by the DOE Office of Science.

Cleaner 243
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USC study shows promising potential for giant-kelp-based biofuel with depth-cycling approach

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physically moving the macroalgae between deep nutrient-rich water at night and shallow depths within the photic zone during the day to optimize growth. 13 C values suggesting that the depth-cycled kelp were not nitrogen-deficient and assimilated nutrients from deep water. The researchers used a depth-cycling approach—i.e.,

Mariner 468
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Berkeley Lab/U. Hawaii team provides direct experimental evidence for mechanism for PAH formation in combustion; cleaner fuels could result

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Researchers at the Department of Energy’s Lawrence Berkeley National Lab (Berkeley Lab) and the University of Hawaii have provided direct experimental evidence for the validity of a proposed mechanism for the first step in the process that transforms gas-phase molecules into solid particles such as soot and other carbon-based compounds.

Hawaii 218
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Sandia Labs project team building fuel cell cold ironing system for deployment at Port of Honolulu in 2015

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The unit is undergoing detailed engineering and design through mid-2014 and, after fabrication, assembly and training for Young Brothers operators, will be operational during a six-month deployment in early 2015. Ports have been a major source of water and air pollution in the US, but remained relatively unregulated until recent years.

Honolulu 246
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Sandia-led team designs feasible hydrogen fuel-cell coastal research vessel; implications for large hydrogen-fueled vessels

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and criteria pollutant (smog) emissions were estimated for the Zero-V based on a complete “well-to-waves” (WTW) analysis. The situation is dramatically improved using renewable hydrogen, such as that made from biogas, or by water electrolysis using wind or low-carbon nuclear power. The annual WTW CO 2 (eq.) Gigagrams (Gg) of CO 2 (eq.)

Hydrogen 315
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Sandia study finds high-speed hydrogen-powered ferry and supporting infrastructure in SF Bay feasible

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Final engineering model of the SF-BREEZE as designed by Elliott Bay Design Group. We can eliminate environmental pollution from ships. Zero greenhouse gas and criteria pollutants during operation. The engineers were able to save weight by consolidating the support equipment for the fuel cells. And all at zero pollution.

Hydrogen 326
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Using the PHEV (Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle) to Transition Society Seamlessly and Profitably From Fossil Fuel to 100% Renewable Energy

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The PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle), a subset of the electric car, combines a primary electric motor with a much smaller back-up engine fueled with a hydrocarbon/biofuel mix. (In Engineering Advantages of PHEV. Engineering Advantages of the PHEV. This engineering solution allows versatility. Table of Contents.

PHEV 150