Green Car Congress

MAY 17, 2020

Deterioration of the ozone layer [kg CFC-11-eq.]. Primary energy, non-renewable [Megajoule]. Primary energy, renewable [Megajoule]. For the future, the electricity mix can also be manually entered to test the effects of different scenarios. Depletion of fossil energy resources [kg oil-eq.]. Smog formation [kg NMVOC-eq.].

Mariner 435

Mariner Climate Change DC Cars 435

Green Car Congress

JULY 11, 2013

Renault’s comparison of the carbon footprint of EV and ICE vehicles over production, operation and end of life. The publication gives the opportunity for an “apples-to-apples” comparison between the environmental impacts of the two types of powertrains: same manufacturer, same model, same boundary conditions. Electric Fluence Z.E.

Li-ion 364

Li-ion Gasoline-Electric Ozone Diesel 364

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 30, 2009

80.27, “high ozone season” means the period from June 1 to September 15 of any calendar year and “regulatory control period” means the period from May 1 to September 15 of any calendar year. Current Legal Requirement for Use of Anhydrous Ethanol in the United States. 40 CFR § 80.27 addresses controls and prohibitions on gasoline volatility.

Transportation 317

Transportation Fuel Renewable Gasoline-Electric 317

Green Car Congress

JULY 24, 2020

million US Department of Energy (DOE) grant to demonstrate a pre-production Renewable Natural Gas (RNG) hybrid 4,300 hp line-haul locomotive. In several weeks, OptiFuel will start taking orders, in 49 of the US states, for a new line of affordable 800 hp to 3,200 hp, 100% natural gas freight and transit locomotives.

Grant 243

Grant Hybrid Ozone EPA 243

Green Car Congress

JUNE 8, 2015

In 2014, Volkswagen of America announced that starting with the launch of the zero-tailpipe emissions battery-electric 2015 e-Golf ( earlier post ), it would invest in projects to offset the carbon emissions created from the e-Golf on a full lifecycle basis: production, distribution and up to approximately 36,000 miles (57,936 km) of driving.

Carbon 150

Carbon Personal Store Emissions 150

Green Car Congress

JUNE 30, 2013

life-cycle study of three Li-ion battery chemistries for plug-in hybrid (PHEV) and battery-electric (BEV) vehicles generated a number of findings and identified opportunities for improving the environmental profile of Li-ion batteries for use in plug-in and electric vehicles. A recent Abt Associates, Inc.

Li-ion 210

Li-ion PHEV Battery Batteries 210