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In its recently released Inventory of US Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990 – 2011 ( earlier post ), the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) reported that methane (CH 4 ) emissions from the field production of natural gas have declined by 36% from 2007 to 2011 (from 83.1 Tg or million metric tons CO 2 equivalent.) Tg CO 2 eq.)
R134a replaced CFC-12 as the MAC refrigerant in the early 1990s due to the negative impact of CFCs on the Earth’s ozone layer. Baker (2007) Demonstration of an Energy-Efficient Secondary Loop HFC-152a Mobile Air Conditioning System. Mahmoud Ghodbane, Timothy D. Craig, and James A.
1 from shipping in 2007, corresponding to 3.3% 1 of the total ship emissions in 2007. In addition to CO 2 , other compounds such as ozone (O 3 ) precursors (nitrogen oxides (NO x =NO+NO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)) and aerosols such as black carbon (BC) and organic carbon (OC) are emitted by ships.
The on-road transportation (ORT) and power generation (PG) sectors are major contributors to CO 2 emissions and a host of short-lived radiatively-active air pollutants, including tropospheric ozone and fine aerosol particles, that exert complex influences on global climate. Unger et al. Click to enlarge.
After a thorough scientific review was ordered by the US Supreme Court in 2007, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has issued a proposal on greenhouse gases. The analysis also looked at the impact of climate change on human health and suggests that it may lead to higher levels of ground-level ozone, a harmful pollutant.
1990; Anisimov, 2007] and chemical production of ozone in already-polluted locations [Jacobson, 2008b]. These three gases are all greenhouse gases, and ozone is a surface air pollutant. Warming of the air by any chemical, including soot, enhances natural surface emissions of water vapor [e.g., Dessler et al., Guenther et al.,
In 2007, Jacobson and four colleagues testified in the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform on the role of black carbon. C increased Arctic warming from 1890 to 2007. C increased Arctic warming from 1890 to 2007. F, with about 40% due to ozone. Earlier post.). Earlier post.). Earlier post.).
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