Energy Storage Low Cost Sodium Wind 
Green Car Congress
MARCH 2, 2023
Researchers led by the Department of Energy’s Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) have extended the capacity and duration of sodium-aluminum batteries. The new sodium-based molten salt battery uses two distinct reactions. h is achieved with an estimated raw active materials cost of $7.02 of peak charge capacity.
Green Car Congress
OCTOBER 10, 2017
Stanford researchers have developed a sodium-ion battery (SIB) that can store the same amount of energy as a state-of-the-art lithium ion, at substantially lower cost. Thus, further research is required to find better sodium host materials. The sodium salt makes up the cathode; the anode is made up of phosphorous.
Green Car Congress
NOVEMBER 24, 2011
At modest current densities, round-trip energy efficiencies of 99% can be achieved. Short-term transients, including those related to wind and solar sources, present challenges to the electrical grid. Existing energy storage technologies cannot satisfy these requirements. Cost is a greater concern. —Yi Cui.
Green Car Congress
SEPTEMBER 16, 2013
Researchers in South Korea have developed a novel high-energy cathode material, Na 1.5 F 0.7 , for sodium-ion (Na-ion) batteries (NIBs). This new material provides an energy density of 600 Wh kg –1 , the highest value among Na-ion cathodes. Ragone plot for the new Na 1.5 cathode and other cathode materials for NIBs.
Green Car Congress
NOVEMBER 25, 2009
The US Department of Energy is awarding $620 million for projects around the country to demonstrate advanced Smart Grid technologies and integrated systems. The selected projects include advanced battery systems (including flow batteries), flywheels, and compressed air energy systems. New York State Electric & Gas Corporation.
Green Car Congress
APRIL 1, 2011
John Goodenough, are proposing a strategy for high-capacity next-generation alkali (lithium or sodium)-ion batteries using water-soluble redox couples as the cathode. The cell operates without a catalyst and has high storage efficiency. The present sodium-sulfur battery operates above 300 °C. V and charges at 4.2-4.4
Cars That Think
APRIL 15, 2022
As the pressure to decarbonize electricity grids mounts, so does the need to have long-term storage options for power generated from renewables. Especially for sources like wind and solar, which have discontinuous availability. The current melting point of 157ºC of NaAlCl 4 is higher than the researchers would like.
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