Comparison Economy Ozone Pollution 
Green Car Congress
OCTOBER 7, 2019
related damages, researchers from Carnegie Mellon University and Stanford have found that, US-economy-wide, gross external damage (GED) due to premature mortality has decreased by more than 20% from 2008 to 2014. Indeed, farms have become the largest contributor to air pollution damages from PM2.5 In a new study of PM 2.5
Green Car Congress
MARCH 16, 2012
eutrophication; ET = ecological toxicity; FEC = fossil energy consumption; WU = water use; LO = land occupation; “The rest” includes acidification; smog formation; ozone layer depletion; and human health effects. This study highlighted the environmental impacts of corn ethanol in comparison with gasoline. GW = global warming; Eut.
Green Car Congress
DECEMBER 23, 2013
Comparison of the NO x data shows the dominant role of engine calibration on the tailpipe emissions of NO x. Ozone reduction in highly polluted urban areas generally requires reduction of the emissions of both NO x and organic compounds, the Ford team noted. —Hubbard et al. —Hubbard et al. Hubbard, James E.
Green Car Congress
MAY 12, 2017
Gasoline direct-injection (GDI) engines have higher fuel economy compared to the more widely used port fuel injection (PFI) engines. Recent studies have compared emissions of PFI and GDI vehicles, including particle number and mass, gaseous pollutants, and nonmethane organic gas (NMOG) composition for a limited number of compounds.
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