Green Car Congress

MAY 16, 2011

The California data were compared to ship-plume measurements made by NOAA near the Port of Houston, Texas in 2006. One finding was that container ships encountered off the Port of Houston, where no clean-fuel use is required, emitted four times as much sulfur dioxide.

Pollution 186

Pollution California Clean Cleaning 186

Green Car Congress

MARCH 18, 2019

This finding reveals important opportunities for clean air improvements, especially in large port cities such as New York and Houston. A longer service life reduces the fleet’s turnover rate to cleaner, lower-emitting engines, therefore increasing future-year emission estimates.

Mariner 223

Mariner EPA Emissions Engine 223

Green Car Congress

AUGUST 11, 2016

In addition to ozone and particulate matter, the other pollutants are lead, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide. The authors emphasized that their findings do not specifically address an individual’s health risk or the personal benefits of cleaner air, but rather assess population level health impacts.

Pollution 150

Pollution Standards Ozone EPA 150