Green Car Congress

JULY 17, 2015

The PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle), a subset of the electric car, combines a primary electric motor with a much smaller back-up engine fueled with a hydrocarbon/biofuel mix. (In In this paper PHEV refers solely to the long-range PHEV of 60 miles (100 km) electric-only range.) It is much more than that.

PHEV 150

PHEV Plug-in Renewable Energy 150

Green Car Congress

NOVEMBER 13, 2010

On average, a 25% reduction in carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2-eq) emissions can be expected on a well-to-wheel (WTW) basis when replacing gasoline by light-duty vehicles (LDVs) running on compressed natural gas (CNG). Investments in grids are likely to take place only where other sectors can also benefit from natural gas supply.

Gas 207

Gas Transportation CO2 Global 207

Green Car Congress

JULY 3, 2015

The same highly electrified scenarios, however, could not satisfy 80% GHG-reduction targets, even assuming 80% decarbonized electricity and no growth in travel demand. The researchers also considered intermediate (20% electric-powered miles) electrification—halfway between the high and low.

Carbon 150

Carbon EPRI Climate Gasoline-Electric 150

Green Car Congress

SEPTEMBER 21, 2009

Stoichiometric gasoline direct-injection technology: injects fuel at high pressure directly into the combustion chamber to improve cooling of the air/fuel charge within the cylinder, which allows for higher compression ratios and increased thermodynamic efficiency. This reduces pumping losses at lighter loads in comparison to a larger engine.

2016 210

2016 MPG Fuel Economy EPA 210